实际加工表面红外激光散射特性的实验研究

为了研究激光在实际加工表面的散射特性,利用分辨率为10 nW的激光功率计PM100D,波长为1550 nm的激光器和精密转台,自行设计并搭建了半球空间中目标表面散射特性的测量系统. 以典型的刨床加工的若干标准粗糙度比较样块为被测目标,在1550 nm红外激光以不同方位照射下,测量了微观具有V形槽结构的不同粗糙度的样块表面的散射功率分布. 实验结果转换成双向反射分布函数后,对比分析了入射光方位、入射角和表面粗糙度对此类典型表面散射特性的影响,并分析了特殊散射场形成的原因. 结果表明,表面纹理、入射角以及粗糙度均对目标表面的散射特性有规律性影响,这一结果对于具有规律性加工纹理表面的散射特性的研究和建模有一定的参考价值,对激光技术在实际加工表面的应用研究提供了一定的基础. 关键词： 散射特性 双向反射分布函数 红外激光 实际加工表面     

粗糙表面激光散射特性的理论研究

用矢量微扰动方法分析激光束在粗糙表面上散射的分布特性。详细讨论高斯光束的角谱和适用于准直激光束散射问题的波前分割概念认为，当用入射总功率作归一化因子时，准直粗激光束散射可近似地作为平面波处理，而细激光束散射则与平面波存在很大的差异，利用所得结果讨论了一维粗糙表面的激光隐身作用及椭圆偏振光入射时镜反射方向和后向散射场的偏振态。最后介绍两种线偏振光在粗糙表面上散射分布的差异。实验验证了主要结论。     

表面上方微粒及微粗糙度偏振光散射特性

为了区分由表面上方微粒和表面微粗糙度两种散射机理引起的散射光,利用偏振双向反射分布函数,并借助于由,■,■组成的正交右手基组表示了入射电场和散射电场。从理论上给出了两种不同散射机理在不同偏振状态下的双向反射分布函数与入射面外方位角之间的变化关系,并通过对这两种散射机理下的偏振双向反射分布函数的比较发现,利用p偏振入射产生的p偏振散射光(BRDFpp)可以将表面上方微粒和表面微粗糙度两种散射机理区分开来。     

随机粗糙表面激光散射后向增强效应实验研究

随机粗糙表面激光散射后向增强效应实验研究吴振森（西安电子科技大学物理系西安７１００７１）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎＥｎｈａｎｃｅｄＢａｃｋｓｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇｏｆＲａｎｄｏｍＲｏｕｇｈＳｕｒｆａｃｅｓＷｕＺｈｅｎｓｅｎ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎ...     

低散射反射镜表面粗糙度及其测量

本文论述和推导用表面粗糙度来评价超光滑表面特性的数学表达式,并列举已经用于超低散射反射镜、未镀膜基层的几种表面粗糙度的测量方法、使用的仪器及其适用范围,进而对测量结果进行了分析。指出这些方法的优缺点,揭示不同方法所得测量结果产生差异的原因。     

表面粗糙度的变波矢光散射测量方法的研究

提出了表面粗糙度变波矢光散射测量方法，通过散射光强中心亮点光能量的参数ｌｎ，Ｅ随变化的线性关系来确定粗糙度ｗ，对６块粗糙度不同的硅片背面样品进行了实验测量。     

激光自混频干涉法测量表面粗糙度的研究

对半导体激光自混频干涉法测量表面粗糙度中的干涉效应进行了理论分析,推导了干涉信号与表面粗糙度的数学关系式,讨论了影响测量信号的因素及表征表面粗糙度的评定参数,即表面轮廓的方均根偏差。结果表明,随着加工表面粗糙度的降低,反射光的强度逐渐增加,被测物体表面的反射率越高,越有利于测量。     

激光-电子康普顿散射物理特性研究

对激光-电子康普顿散射物理特性即能量特性和微分截面角分布进行了仔细的研究.计算结果显示出光子能量和微分截面角分布的简单结构.康普顿散射X射线光源具有散射光子的能量易调节、方向性好等特点.在入射电子束能量很高时,X射线近乎单向出射.光源色散度较大,但实验上可以获得色散（带宽）小的X射线.对于各种波长的激光,在很宽的电子束能量范围（1 MeV—10 GeV）内,散射X射线光子的总截面和前向发射圆锥内（半圆锥角1/γ,其中γ=E/m₀ 关键词： 康普顿散射 能量特性 微分截面 角分布     

Infrared Laser Pulse Scattering from Randomly Rough Surfaces

Analytical expression for the two-frequency mutual coherence function of the infrared laser pulse scattering from randomly rough surfaces is presented based on the Kirchhoff approximation. Scattered pulse shapes are calculated at 10.6m as the Fourier transform of the two-frequency mutual coherent function. It is shown that the root-mean-square height of rough surface greatly influences on results and the scattered pulse power mainly comes from the specular direction with small rms height.     

不同表面激光双向反射分布函数的实验研究

根据粗糙面电磁散射理论讨论了粗糙表面双向反射分布函数（ＢＲＤＦ）和单位面积激光雷达截面的关系。测量不同粗糙度金板、铝基、钢基和涂层样片在０．６３μｍ的双向反射分布函数。分析了高度起伏均方根δ，斜率起伏均方根ｓ，介电常数对双向反射分布函数的影响。最后，将部分粗糙样片的双向反射分布函数理论计算结果与实验数据比较，两者有良好的吻合。     

粗糙柱面的激光散射特性数值模拟

利用随机面元模型,详细分析了刚性随机粗糙圆柱表面的激光散射特点,建立了实用化的随机粗糙圆柱激光散射理论模型,并给出了aY-．J~射时几种情况下的激光散射图像,分析了圆柱目标的激光散射能量计算方法,并仿真了光束在平面目标、圆柱目标表面做正弦摆动时,光斑在不同位置的反射能量,利用激光信号的强度变化就可以得到物体的边缘信息。     

Study of the Electromagnetic Scattering from the Very Rough Fractal Sea Surface

In this paper, based on the fundamental formulae of the first-order and second-order Kirchhoff approx-imation and with consideration of the shadowing effect, the backscattering enhancement of the one-dimensional veryrough fractal sea surface with Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum is studied under the second-order Kirchhoff approximationat microwave frequency. The numerical results are compared with those of the first-order Kirchhoff approximation andintegral equation method. The dependencies of the bistatic scattering cross section and the backscattering enhancementon the incident angle, fractal dimension, and windspeed over the sea surface are analyzed in detail.     

Study of the Electromagnetic Scattering from the Very Rough Fractal Sea Surface

In this paper, based on the fundamental formulae of the first-order and second-order Kirchhoff approx-imation mad with consideration of the shadowing effect, the backscattering enhancement of the one-dimensional very rough fractal sea surface with Pierson-Moskowitz spectrum is studied under the second-order Kirchhoff approximation at microwave frequency. The numerical results are compared with those of the first-order Kirchhoff approximation and integral equation method. The dependencies of the bistatic scattering cross section and the backscattering enhancement on the incident angle, fractal dimension, and windspeed over the sea surface are analyzed in detail.     

随机粗糙表面光散射场分布特性的机理研究

为了研究随机粗糙表面光散射分布特性机理,采用线性滤波法生成高斯分布随机粗糙表面,以基尔霍夫近似作为电磁场边界条件,采用蒙特卡罗方法数值计算了一组金属和一组电介质粗糙表面在S偏振光和P偏振光照射下的散射光强度空间分布。计算结果显示:金属表面与电介质表面的散射光分布宽度、散射峰值、散射峰位置三个散射特征存在显著差异,经过分析发现这种特征差异的产生机理是由表面面元的斜率分布和面元反射率共同因素导致,与数值计算结果对比,二者具有良好的一致性。     

Statistical Properties of Laser Speckles Generated from Far Rough Surfaces

The statistical properties of speckle patterns generated from far rough surfaces, under illumination of a Gaussian beam, are investigated. The surface roughness dependence of the first- and second-order moments of intensity is theoretically investigated, and their analytical expressions have been derived and presented. The analysis indicates that the mean intensity distribution on the receiver plane is closely related to the ratio of the lateral correlation length to the surface root mean square (rms) height. On the other hand, the speckle size and the correlation degree of the speckle intensities are found to be independent of the parameter characterizing the roughness of a surface, and are only determined by the laser beam waist.     

Calculations of Infrared Laser Beam Scattering from Rough Dielectric Objects

The coherent and incoherent scattering cross sections of Infrared Laser Gaussian beam scattering from arbitrarily shaped convex dielectric objects with rough surfaces are investigated by using plane wave spectrum method and physical optics approximation. In the paper, the infrared laser scattering cross sections of rough sphere are calculated at 10.6 m , and the influence of the beam size, permittivity, and polarization as well as roughness parameters is analyzed numerically. When the beam size is much larger than the size of object, the results in the paper can reduce to those of an incident plane wave. On the other hand, for the case of roughness statistical parameter close to zero, only the forward scattering has a parent difference compared with the result of gaussian beam scattering from smooth sphere.