薄层色谱扫描法测定塑料食品袋中酞酸酯的含量

建立了采用薄层色谱扫描测定塑料食品袋中4种酞酸酯(酞酸二甲酯(DMP)、酞酸二乙酯(DEP)、酞酸二丁酯(DBP)和酞酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP))的方法。经粉碎的样品先用乙醇浸泡24 h,然后超声提取,经0.45 μm滤膜过滤。点样在以丙酮处理过的硅胶G板上,以乙酸乙酯-无水乙醚-异辛烷(体积比为1∶4∶15)为展开剂展开,以双波长反射吸收飞点扫描测定(λS=275 nm,λR=340 nm),外标法定量。该法的线性关系较好,DMP、DEP、DBP和DEHP的检出限分别为2.1,2.4,3.4和4.0 ng,混合标准品在同一薄层板上的峰面积的相对标准偏差（RSD）为2.8%～3.5%,4种酞酸酯的样品加标回收率为78.58%～111.04%。该方法样品用量少,前处理简单,分离效果好,可用于塑料袋中4种酞酸酯的同时测定。经与气相色谱法的分析结果比较,两种方法对实际样品的分析结果接近。     

色谱-质谱测定塑料食品袋溶出的酞酸酯DBP与DEHP

为了了解塑料食品袋在接触脂溶性溶剂时溶出邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(di-n-butylphthalate，DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯[di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate，DEHP]的状况。采用毛细管柱气相色译质谱联用(GC—MS)的选择离子检测(SIR)技术，结合溶剂浸泡提取的办法测定塑料食品袋溶出的酞酸酯DBP和DEHP。测定结果提示人们不要用塑料食品袋盛装直接入口的含油脂高的食品，更不能在高温下使用。     

环境样品酞酸酯分析中溶剂背景的影响

选择环境样品酞酸酯分析中常用的有机溶剂,通过GC-MS对浓缩后的色谱纯、分析纯以及分析纯经过重蒸处理的有机溶剂进行11种酞酸酯背景测定。结果表明这些常用有机溶剂存在一定程度的酞酸酯污染,特别是邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP)等2种环境样品中常见酞酸酯污染单体,最高浓度可达74.2μg/L(DBP)和64.3μg/L(DEHP)。有机溶剂用量大的酞酸酯分析方法(如土壤提取)需要对提取剂背景进行严格控制。     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定罐头食品中6种邻苯二甲酸酯

以正已烷为萃取溶剂,采用乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)固相材料分散净化技术,以气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)在选择离子监测模式下测定罐头食品中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙基己基酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DNOP)、邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP).该方法在0.1～5.0 mg·L-1(DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP)、0.5～25.0 mg·L-1(DINP、DIDP)范围内呈线性关系,相关系数大于0.995.方法测定限(S/N=10):DBP、BBP、DEHP、DNOP为0.01 mg·kg-1,DINP、DIDP为1.0 mg·kg-1.以罐头食品为基体,加入3种不同浓度的6种邻苯二甲酸酯标准溶液做回收试验,测得回收率在85%～130%之间,相对标准偏差＜10%.     

高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器测定化妆品中的6种酞酸酯

建立了用高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器测定化妆品中6种酞酸酯——邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、二乙酯(DEP)、二丁酯(DBP)、丁基苄基酯(BBP)、二(2-乙基己)酯(DEHP)和二正辛酯(DOP)的方法一样品用甲醇超声提取．高速冷冻离心,经0．5μm滤膜过滤．直接注入高效液相色谱．在280nm波长进行分析用保留时间结合酞酸酯紫外光谱定性．外标法定量该法的回收率为85％～110％．精密度RSD为0．058％～2．84％．检出限：DMP．DEP、BBP和DBP均为5ng．DEHP和DOP为10ng,该方法准确度和灵敏度高．样品用量少．前处理简单。可同时测定化妆品中6种酞酸酯化合物。     

牛奶中酞酸酯污染物的气相色谱质谱-联用测定

建立了气相色谱.质谱法(GC-MS)测定市售牛奶中4种酞酸酯(邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二异丁基酯(DiBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁基酯(DBP),邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP))的方法.样品采用乙酸乙酯直接萃取,C18小柱净化,过0.45μm滤膜,直接注入GC-Ms进行分析.保留时间定性,外标法定量.4种酞酸酯的回收率为77.9%～109.07%;精密度(RSD)为1.72%～6.18%;检测限在0.15～60 ng之间.     

单滴液相微萃取气相色谱测定水中的酞酸酯类化合物

采用单滴液相微萃取与气相色谱测定水中的酞酸二甲酯(DMP)和酞酸二丁酯(DBP).考察了萃取溶剂、萃取时间及搅拌速度等因素对萃取结果的影响,确定最佳萃取条件为:3 mL水样放置于4 mL样品瓶中,以600 r/min速度进行磁力搅拌,萃取20 min.该方法对酞酸二甲酯和酞酸二丁酯的富集倍数为228和318,检出限为1.4和0.8 μg/L,相对标准偏差为9.4%和6.4%.对地表水、污水和海水的加标回收率DMP在94.5%～99.3%,DBP在87.0%～102%之间.     

快速提取-超高效液相色谱法测定唇膏中11种酞酸酯

建立快速提取–超高效液相色谱法测定唇膏中11种酞酸酯的检测方法。将唇膏样品涂覆在定量滤纸上,用甲醇涡旋超声提取,色谱柱采用Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm),流动相为乙腈–水,梯度洗脱,流量为0.5 mL/min,用PDA检测器检测,检测波长225 nm。以3倍空白噪音计,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)的检出限分别为1,2 mg/kg;邻苯二甲酸二丙酯(DPRP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二戊酯(DPP)、邻苯二甲酸二己酯(DHXP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯(BBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2–乙基)己酯(DEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯(DNOP)的检出限为3 mg/kg;邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)的检出限为30 mg/kg。方法的加标回收率为86.6%~98.6%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.6%~6.0%(n=6)。该方法样品处理简单,提取效率高,分离效果好且灵敏度高,结合色谱图和紫外光谱图,能快速准确测定唇膏中11种酞酸酯。     

仿真饰品中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的含量测定和迁移风险考察

建立了仿真饰品中14种邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂的含量和迁移量测定的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)检测方法。考察了微波萃取、超声波萃取、快速溶剂萃取和索氏提取4种前处理方法对增塑剂含量测定的影响。在模拟人体温度及汗液环境下,考察了0～168 h内塑料仿真饰品中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)3种增塑剂的迁移风险。结果表明微波萃取法的提取效率优于其余3种方法。所建立方法的定量限为5 mg/kg (邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)为25 mg/kg),在0.1～50 mg/L(DINP、DIDP在0.5～250 mg/L)范围内,线性相关系数在0.99以上,在3个添加水平下的回收率在90.95%与98.67%之间。在模拟条件下,DEHP的迁移风险较高,浸泡72 h后约有0.75%溶出,而DBP和DOP的溶出风险较低。该法的灵敏度高、回收率高、选择性好,能满足实际工作的要求。     

GC–MS法测定白酒中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯

采用正己烷提取白酒中的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基)己酯(DEHP),建立了气相色谱–质谱法测定白酒中DBP,DEHP残留量的检测方法。对氮吹、水浴、盐析和直接提取4种方法的提取效率进行考察,选择氮吹法处理样品。在0.20~20 mg/L范围内DBP,DEHP的质量浓度分别与色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.999 3,0.999 8。方法的定量限(S/N=10)为0.04 mg/kg,加标回收率在82.0%~92.5%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.91%~4.83%(n=6)。该方法适合白酒中DBP,DEHP残留量的日常检测。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.