超形变原子核全同带的判断与角动量增量顺排量子化

给出了一个新的从能量角度判断超形变带全同带的方法,并运用这种方法分析了100多条超形变带.给出了全同带数目随判断参数的变化关系.还引进了量子化区间的概念,从统计角度分析角动量增量顺排的量子化问题,得出了全同带增量顺排随判据加严而趋向于量子化的性质,而正常形变全同带则不具有这一性质.讨论了新方法与粒子转子模型之间的关系.     

水下爆炸毁伤水下目标的能量分布特征

 针对某水下目标的抗水下爆炸实验数据,利用小波包良好的时频局部化性质,对被监测水下目标内部装置的冲击加速度信号进行了能量分析,得到了冲击信号的时频分布和不同频带上的能量分布。冲击信号的频带能量分布与目标毁伤的关系密切,选用冲击信号峰值、冲击信号主振频带能量、水下目标内部装置自振频率所在频带能量作为判别因子,建立距离判别模型,对水下目标毁伤情况进行了预测;利用回代估计法对模型的合理性进行了检验。研究结果表明,预测结果与实际结果相符,证明将频带能量作为水下爆炸毁伤水下目标的特征指标是合理的。     

New method for the electronic structure of heterojunctions — Application to the (100) Ge-GaAs interfaces

A method which for the first time can treat two truly semi-infinite semiconductors in contact is introduced and used to study the electronic structure of the two polar (100) Ge-GaAs interfaces. Both the Ge-Ga and the Ge-As interfaces exhibit essentially three interface bands. The nature and origins of these bands are discussed in detail in terms of local densities of states. The results are used to obtain a new interpretation of the experimental data in terms of a stoichiometrically mixed interface.     

Multi-band spectra of odd and even nuclei of the s-d shell

The energy levels of^{21, 23}Na,^{22, 23}Ne,^{24, 28}Mg and^{25, 29}Al are obtained by mixing various bands using the projected deformed Hartree-Fock (DHF) method. Solutions having minimum energies are found to be prolate for all the nuclei considered here. Higher bands are obtained either by considering particle-hole excitations or oblate solutions. These various bands are mixed using the projection method and care has been taken to orthogonalize the bands. The interactions used in this study are those given by Kuo, Preedom-Wildenthal (PW) and WHMK interactions. The last one seems to give good results for most of the nuclei considered here. Not only are the lowest bands well-reproduced but the second lowest bands agree reasonably well in most nuclei. The third lowest ones obtained in some nuclei are not yet observed as complete bands. However, K obtained for the third band seems to be correct. A comparison with shell model calculations—which are numerically exhausting—shows similar results for the lowest band. However, the agreement of the second band varies from nucleus to nucleus. A comparison between matrix elements of the interactions is made to analyze the results.     

基于K-L散度与光谱可分性距离的波段选择算法

波段选择是高光谱降维的常用手段,文中从波段选择应遵循的3个原则出发设计了一种基于信息散度与光谱可分性距离的波段选择算法。将高光谱数据中每个波段的光谱分量看作一个一维向量,使用K-L散度表示其相互之间的信息量,选出信息量大且相似性最小的波段组合;根据每个波段中不同地物光谱可分性距离的计算,得到可分性较大的波段组合;将两组波段组合取交集,即得到最优组合波段。为了验证算法的有效性,将选出的最佳3个波段进行伪彩色合成,对其进行光谱角制图分类,分类精度达到92.2%,Kappa系数为0.88.     

Description of alternating-parity bands within the dinuclear-system model

A cluster approach is used to describe ground-state-based alternating-parity bands in even–even nuclei and to study the band-termination mechanism. A method is proposed for testing the cluster nature of alternating-parity bands.     

The dipnictenes R-E=E′-R′ (E=P,As, Sb,Bi) revisited: a TDDFT and multi-reference study of some aspects of its electronic spectroscopy

Compounds with double bonds Terp-E=E′-Terp (E, E'=P, As, Sb or Bi; Terp=-C₆H₃-2,6 (C₆H₅)₂) have been studied using DFT. These compounds have been used as a model for other compounds with larger substituents. Some bands of its electronic spectroscopy have been calculated using TDDFT, and the results show high correlation with experimental data, when available. In Bi-containing compounds, the origin of some weak bands in the calculated spectra and also in experimental data is unclear. An assignation of these bands is suggested, wedding the experimental data with calculated and theoretical results. These bands could be weak singlet–triplet transitions, partially allowed by spin-orbit coupling only in Bi-containing compounds. A theoretical estimation of the energy of these bands is achieved using CASSCF and MR-MP2.     

Line intensities in the 1.5-μm spectral region of acetylene

Line intensities are measured for 546 transitions belonging to 13 bands of the main isotopologue ¹²C₂H₂ of the acetylene molecule, in the 1.5-μm spectral domain. A multispectrum fitting procedure is used to retrieve line parameters from Fourier transform spectra. Prior to this work, line intensities were known for only 4 bands in this spectral region, from the work of El Hachtouki and Vander Auwera [Absolute line intensities in acetylene: the 1.5 μm region. J Mol Spectrosc 2002;216:355-62]. An excellent agreement is found with the results of these authors, showing that the accuracy of both results is likely better than 1% for the strong bands. However, the spectrum becomes very crowded when one wants to study weaker bands, so that the average accuracy of the intensities reported in the present work is 5%. From these data, vibrational transition dipole moments squared and Herman-Wallis coefficients have been determined for all the bands.     

Al-Mg合金中锯齿形屈服现象的热分析

研究了在室温、定加载应变率拉伸的情况下Al-Mg合金中的锯齿形屈服现象.伴随着锯齿形屈服现象的发生,试件表面温度场会发生变化.而红外相机能以较高的时间、空间分辨率记录下随时间变化的试件表面温度场图像.通过分析这些热图像,探讨了A,B两种类型带的传播规律,得到了局域变形带的带宽、倾角、传播速度等特征参数.在此基础上,引入热传导方程,求得了带内的应变率.实验和计算都发现B类型带产生时试件表面带外区域存在弹性收缩现象,由此提出以是否存在带外收缩变形作为划分A,B类型带的新标准.     

Fiber-optic pH-sensors in long-period fiber gratings using electrostatic self-assembly

A novel pH sensor based on the deposition of electrostatic self-assembled polyallylamine hydrochloride and polyacrylic acid on the cladding of a long-period fiber grating has been designed. The overlay thickness is of the order of magnitude of the light wavelength used to interrogate the sensor. A theoretical model of multilayer cylindrical waveguides based on coupled-mode theory has been used to predict the position of the attenuation bands as a function of the overlay thickness. A study of the role that pH plays in the thickness of the sensitive overlay was carried out. Experimentally, a wavelength shift of the attenuation bands of up to 85 nm was obtained in the 4-7 range of pH units. The results are reproducible, which indicates the possibilities of a multiple-use sensor.     

Rotational bands in light neutron-rich nuclei

A simple cluster model is used to describe rotational bands in light neutron-rich nuclei. It is concluded that bands observed earlier had a cluster structure.     

Raman spectroscopic characterization of the copper,cobalt, and nickel selenites: Synthetic analogs of chalcomenite,cobaltomenite, and ahlfeldite

Raman spectroscopy has been used to study synthetic analogs of the minerals chalcomenite, cobaltomenite, and ahlfeldite occurring in nature. The results obtained are compared with the spectra of these minerals. In general, the majority of vibrational bands of synthetic species are in good agreement with natural chalcomenite, cobaltomenite, and ahlfeldite. The noticeable discrepancies are found for the bands assigned to the deformation mode of selenite groups. A better signal-to-noise ratio realized with synthetic species aids in comprehensive analysis of the spectra, especially in the region of water bands.     

Excitation energies of strontium mono-hydroxide bands measured in flames

Experiments are described to yield more decisive information about the excitation energies of visible strontium monohydroxide bands appearing in flames. Excitation energy differences are derived directly from the ratio of thermal band intensities measured as a function of temperature. Absolute excitation energies are derived from the temperature dependence of the ratio of thermal band to strontium line intensity, while assuming a value for the dissociation energy of SrOH. Flames with temperatures ranging from 1907 to 2886 K were used. A level diagram is proposed for the strontium bands at 6060, 6470, 6690, and 6820 Å. From the results obtained, two conclusions may be drawn: (i) the bands considered are non-resonance bands and (ii) the uncertainty in the excitation energy as a result of the unknown molecular configuration is 0·25 eV.     

New Method for Spin Assignment of Superdeformed Rotational Bands

A new method for spin assignment of superdeformed rotational bands is proposed and it turns out to be more efficient than other methods used before. The application is made to superdeformed bands in A～190 and A～150 mass regions. By analyzing the standard deviation of the fixed gamma-ray energies of an SD band in different methods, the advantage of the present method over the other methods is presented. This method brings then a comprehensive interpretation of the methods used in spin assignment.     

稀土氟碳酸盐矿物的光致发光谱和吸收谱研究

测定并讨论了产自四川冕宁矿区的氟碳铈矿和产自内蒙白云鄂博稀土矿区的黄河矿、氟碳钙铈矿、氟碳铈钡矿的光致发光谱。结果表明,稀土氟碳酸盐矿物在488.0nm和514.5nm激光激发下的光致发光中心是Nd3+,发光谱中的所有谱带均出自Nd3+的辐射跃迁。在488.0nm激光激发下,稀土氟碳酸盐矿物在495nm到733nm谱区的发光谱带强而尖锐,但在514.5nm激光激发下,这个谱区的谱带明显变弱或消失,转而出现783nm到907nm谱区的强发光谱带。可见光吸收谱表明稀土氟碳酸盐矿物对可见光的吸收也与矿物中的Nd3+有关。     

Scanning probe microscopy on superconductors: Achievements and challenges

A dislocation dynamical model of the reaction-diffusion type is used to describe the spatio-temporal dynamics of Lüders band propagation in polycrystals. The diffusive nature of dislocation glide is traced back to the random crystallographic orientation of the active slip systems. The role of pile-ups in dislocation multiplication is accounted for by a dynamical generalization of the Hall-Petch law. It is argued that Lüders bands in polycrystals are related to a bistable dynamics of mobile dislocations. Further results obtained cover the dependences on material parameters and deformation conditions of (1) the occurrence, (2) the strain, propagation velocity and width of Lüders bands, and (3) the upper and lower yield stresses. These results are in good agreement with experimental findings.     

Band head spin assignment of superdeformed bands in Hg isotopes through power index formula

The power index formula has been used to obtain the band head spin(I_0) of all the superdeformed(SD) bands in Hg isotopes. A least squares fitting approach is used. The root mean square deviations between the determined and the observed transition energies are calculated by extracting the model parameters using the power index formula. Whenever definite spins are available, the determined and the observed transition energies are in accordance with each other. The computed values of dynamic moment of inertia J~((2)) obtained by using the power index formula and its deviation with the rotational frequency is also studied. Excellent agreement is shown between the calculated and the experimental results for J~((2)) versus the rotational frequency. Hence, the power index formula works very well for all the SD bands in Hg isotopes expect for ~(195)Hg(2, 3, 4).     

基于叶片高光谱特性分析的树种识别

高光谱遥感技术的出现将为解决森林树种的精细识别难题提供有效的途径。利用高光谱遥感技术进行树种鉴别时,光谱特征的选择及提取是个非常重要的过程。与多光谱数据相比,高光谱数据具有波段多、数据量大、冗余度大等特点。该文利用光谱微分法对原始光谱数据进行处理,分析不同树种原始光谱、光谱一阶微分和光谱二阶微分曲线图,从中选择差异较大的波段用于鉴别不同树种。最后利用欧氏距离对所选择的波段进行检验识别不同树种的效果,检验的结果显示选择的波段能有效地区分不同树种。区分不同树种的有效波段大都位于近红外波段, 并且差异最大的波段也是近红外波段,其分别为1 657～1 666和1 868～1 877 nm。     

微束X射线荧光光谱分析红土中铁锰结核内部微小区域

在中国南方第四纪红土剖面中普遍发育一种黑褐色,形状规则或者不规则的新生体,由于其含有较高的Fe和Mn元素而被称为铁锰结核。铁锰结核被认为是土壤中温度、水分、氧化还原条件变化而形成的土壤新生体,因此它被认为是环境信息的良好载体。尤其是结核内部发育的环带状构造,被认识是结核形成过程气候干湿变化的结果。因此对结核内部微小区域的研究,有助与理解红土母质的风化过程以及结核的形成原因。X射线荧光光谱分析在20世纪80年代初已是一种成熟的分析方法,是实验室、现场分析主、次量和痕量元素的首选方法之一。运用帕纳科Zetium X射线荧光光谱仪的微小区域分析工具对铜陵第四纪红土中结核内部由核心至边缘的主量元素分布状况进行分析,结果表明,XRF微小区域分析功能可以快速有效的分析样品内元素的分布状况。结核内部元素分布情况来看,铜陵剖面内铁锰结核内部颜色深浅变化主要是由于Mn元素含量的变化而引起的。结核的核心Mn元素含量最高,由核心向边缘呈现高低交替变化特征。指示结核形成初期,由于气候相对干旱,Mn元素由低价离子态氧化成高价化合物后发生淀积。结核内部浅色环带Si和Al元素含量明显较深色环带高,可能代表了相对湿润的气候时期。