A new iterative method for equilibrium problems and fixed point problems of infinitely nonexpansive mappings and monotone mappings

In this paper, we introduce a new iterative scheme for finding the common element of the set of common fixed points of infinitely many nonexpansive mappings, the set of solutions of an equilibrium problem and the set of solutions of the variational inequality for α-inverse-strongly monotone mapping in Hilbert spaces. We prove that the sequence converges strongly to a common element of the above three sets under some parameters controlling conditions. This main result improve and extend Plubtieng and Punpaeng’s corresponding result [S. Plubtieng, R. Punpaeng, A new iterative method for equilibrium problems and fixed point problems of nonexpansive mappings and monotone mappings, Applied Mathematics and Computation 197 (2008), 548–558]. Using this theorem, we obtain three corollaries.     

A hybrid approximation method for equilibrium and fixed point problems for a family of infinitely nonexpansive mappings and a monotone mapping

In this paper, we introduce a new iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of fixed points of a family of infinitely nonexpansive mappings, the set of solutions of an equilibrium problem and the set of solutions of the variational inequality for α-inverse-strongly monotone mapping in the framework of a Hilbert space. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for approximating a common element of the above three sets are obtained. Additionally, we utilize our results to study the optimization problem and find a zero of a maximal monotone operator and a strictly pseudocontractive mapping in a real Hilbert space. Our results improve and extend the results announced by many others.     

Uniformly Gâteaux smooth approximations on

Every Lipschitz mapping from c₀(Γ) into a Banach space Y can be uniformly approximated by Lipschitz mappings that are simultaneously uniformly Gâteaux smooth and C^∞-Fréchet smooth.     

Weakly sequentially continuous differentiable mappings

It is well known that a (linear) operator between Banach spaces is completely continuous if and only if its adjoint takes bounded subsets of Y^* into uniformly completely continuous subsets, often called (L)-subsets, of X^*. We give similar results for differentiable mappings. More precisely, if UX is an open convex subset, let be a differentiable mapping whose derivative is uniformly continuous on U-bounded subsets. We prove that f takes weak Cauchy U-bounded sequences into convergent sequences if and only if f^′ takes Rosenthal U-bounded subsets of U into uniformly completely continuous subsets of . As a consequence, we extend a result of P. Hájek and answer a question raised by R. Deville and E. Matheron. We derive differentiable characterizations of Banach spaces not containing ℓ₁ and of Banach spaces without the Schur property containing a copy of ℓ₁. Analogous results are given for differentiable mappings taking weakly convergent U-bounded sequences into convergent sequences. Finally, we show that if X has the hereditary Dunford–Pettis property, then every differentiable function as above is locally weakly sequentially continuous.     

An iterative algorithm based on -proximal mappings for a system of generalized implicit variational inclusions in Banach spaces

In this paper, we give the notion of M-proximal mapping, an extension of P-proximal mapping given in [X.P. Ding, F.Q. Xia, A new class of completely generalized quasi-variational inclusions in Banach spaces, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 147 (2002) 369–383], for a nonconvex, proper, lower semicontinuous and subdifferentiable functional on Banach space and prove its existence and Lipschitz continuity. Further, we consider a system of generalized implicit variational inclusions in Banach spaces and show its equivalence with a system of implicit Wiener–Hopf equations using the concept of M-proximal mappings. Using this equivalence, we propose a new iterative algorithm for the system of generalized implicit variational inclusions. Furthermore, we prove the existence of solution of the system of generalized implicit variational inclusions and discuss the convergence and stability analysis of the iterative algorithm.     

Best simultaneous approximations, asymptotically nonexpansive mappings and variational inequalities in Banach spaces

The existence of common fixed points is established for three mappings where T is either generalized (f,g)-nonexpansive or asymptotically (f,g)-nonexpansive on a nonempty subset of a Banach space. As applications, the invariant best simultaneous approximation results are proved and the existence of solution of variational inequalities is obtained. Our results unify and substantially improve several recent results existing in the current literature.     

Convergence theorems of fixed points for asymptotically hemi-pseudocontractive mappings

In this paper, the concept of asymptotically hemi-pseudocontractive mapping in Banach space, which is a proper generalization of asymptotically pseudocontractive mapping with nonempty fixed point set as shown by an example, is introduced. Some sufficient and necessary conditions on the strong convergence of the modified Ishikawa and the modified Mann iteration sequences with mean errors for uniformly L-Lipshitzian asymptotically hemi-pseudocontractive mappings are presented.     

On the convergence of modified Noor iterations with errors for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

In this paper, several weak and strong convergence theorems are established for a modified Noor iterative scheme with errors for three asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. Mann-type, Ishikawa-type, and Noor-type iterations are covered by the new iteration scheme. Our results extend and improve the recently announced ones [B.L. Xu, M.A. Noor, Fixed point iterations for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 267 (2002) 444-453; Y.J. Cho, H. Zhou, G. Guo, Weak and strong convergence theorems for three-step iterations with errors for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings, Comput. Math. Appl. 47 (2004) 707-717] and many others.     

The generalized relaxed proximal point algorithm involving -maximal-relaxed accretive mappings with applications to Banach spaces

A general design for the relaxed proximal point algorithm using the notion of A-maximal-relaxed accretiveness is developed, and then the convergence analysis for this algorithm in the context of solving a general class of nonlinear inclusion problems is examined along with some other results of interest involving A-maximal-relaxed accretive mappings in a real Banach space setting.     

On Banach spaces whose norm-open sets are -sets in the weak topology

We investigate non-separable Banach spaces whose norm-open sets are countable unions of sets closed in the weak topology and a narrower class of Banach spaces with a network for the norm topology which is σ-discrete in the weak topology. In particular, we answer a question of Arhangel'skii exhibiting various examples of non-separable function spaces C(K) with a σ-discrete network for the pointwise topology and (consistently) we answer some questions of Edgar and Oncina concerning Borel structures and Kadec renormings in Banach spaces.     

Bidual renormings of Banach spaces

Given a separable Banach space X with no isomorphic copies of ℓ₁ and a separable subspace Y of its bidual, we provide a sufficient condition on Y to ensure that X admits an equivalent norm such that the restriction to Y of the corresponding bidual norm is midpoint locally uniformly rotund. This result applies to the separable subspaces of the bidual of a Banach space with a shrinking unconditional Schauder basis and to the bidual of the James space.     

Algorithm for solving a new class of general mixed variational inequalities in Banach spaces

In this paper, a new concept of η-proximal mapping for a proper subdifferentiable functional (which may not be convex) on a Banach space is introduced. An existence and Lipschitz continuity of the η-proximal mapping are proved. By using properties of the η-proximal mapping, a new class of general mixed variational inequalities is introduced and studied in Banach spaces. An existence theorem of solutions is established and a new iterative algorithm for solving the general mixed variational inequality is suggested. A convergence criteria of the iterative sequence generated by the new algorithm is also given.     

On Rockafellar’s theorem using proximal point algorithm involving -maximal monotonicity framework

On the basis of the general framework of H-maximal monotonicity (also referred to as H-monotonicity in the literature), a generalization to Rockafellar’s theorem in the context of solving a general inclusion problem involving a set-valued maximal monotone operator using the proximal point algorithm in a Hilbert space setting is explored. As a matter of fact, this class of inclusion problems reduces to a class of variational inequalities as well as to a class of complementarity problems. This proximal point algorithm turns out to be of interest in the sense that it plays a significant role in certain computational methods of multipliers in nonlinear programming. The notion of H-maximal monotonicity generalizes the general theory of set-valued maximal monotone mappings to a new level. Furthermore, some results on general firm nonexpansiveness and resolvent mapping corresponding to H-monotonicity are also given.     

Optimality and invexity in optimization problems in Banach algebras (spaces)

In this paper we introduce into nonsmooth optimization theory in Banach algebras a new class of mathematical programming problems, which generalizes the notion of smooth KT-(p,r)-invexity. In fact, this paper focuses on the optimality conditions for optimization problems in Banach algebras, regarding the generalized KT-(p,r)-invexity notion and Kuhn–Tucker points.     

The fixed point property in -triples and preduals of -triples

We prove that for every member X in the class of real or complex JB^*-triples or preduals of JBW^*-triples, the following assertions are equivalent:

(1) X has the fixed point property.

(2) X has the super fixed point property.

(3) X has normal structure.

(4) X has uniform normal structure.

(5) The Banach space of X is reflexive.

As a consequence, a real or complex C^*-algebra or the predual of a real or complex W^*-algebra having the fixed point property must be finite-dimensional.

Completions of -algebras

A μ-algebra is a model of a first-order theory that is an extension of the theory of bounded lattices, that comes with pairs of terms (f,μ_x.f) where μ_x.f is axiomatized as the least prefixed point of f, whose axioms are equations or equational implications.Standard μ-algebras are complete meaning that their lattice reduct is a complete lattice. We prove that any nontrivial quasivariety of μ-algebras contains a μ-algebra that has no embedding into a complete μ-algebra.We then focus on modal μ-algebras, i.e. algebraic models of the propositional modal μ-calculus. We prove that free modal μ-algebras satisfy a condition–reminiscent of Whitman’s condition for free lattices–which allows us to prove that (i) modal operators are adjoints on free modal μ-algebras, (ii) least prefixed points of Σ₁-operations satisfy the constructive relation μ_x.f=_n≥0fⁿ(). These properties imply the following statement: the MacNeille–Dedekind completion of a free modal μ-algebra is a complete modal μ-algebra and moreover the canonical embedding preserves all the operations in the class of the fixed point alternation hierarchy.     

Strong convergence theorems by hybrid method for asymptotically -strict pseudo-contractive mapping in Hilbert space

In this paper, we introduce the hybrid method of modified Mann’s iteration for an asymptotically k-strict pseudo-contractive mapping. Then we prove that such a sequence converges strongly to P_F(T)x₀. This main theorem improves the result of Issara Inchan [I. Inchan, Strong convergence theorems of modified Mann iteration methods for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert spaces, Int. J. Math. Anal. 2 (23) (2008) 1135–1145] and concerns the result of Takahashi et al. [W. Takahashi, Y. Takeuchi, R. Kubota, Strong convergence theorems by hybrid methods for families of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert space, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 341 (2008) 276–286], and many others.     

Strong convergence theorems for a common fixed point of two hemi-relatively nonexpansive mappings

The purpose of this article is to prove strong convergence theorems for common fixed points of two closed hemi-relatively nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. In order to get the strong convergence theorems, the monotone hybrid algorithms are presented and are used to approximate the common fixed points. Finally, a new simplified hybrid algorithm has been proposed and relative convergence theorem has been proved by using the new method for proofs. The results of this article modify and improve the results of Matsushita, Takahashi [S. Matsushita, W. Takahashi, A strong convergence theorem for relatively nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space, J. Approx. Theory 134 (2005) 257–266] and the results of Plubtieng, Ungchittrakool [S. Plubtieng, K. Ungchittrakool, Strong convergence theorems for a common fixed point of two relatively nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space, J. Approx. Theory 149 (2007) 103–115], and many others.     

Fixed point properties of semigroups of nonexpansive mappings

We prove that if H is a Hilbert space then the Schatten (trace) class operators on H has the weak^∗ fixed point property for left reversible semigroups. This answered positively a problem raised by A.T.-M. Lau. We also prove that if M is a finite von Neumann algebra then any nonempty bounded convex subset of the non-commutative L¹-space associated to M that is compact for the measure topology has the fixed point property for left reversible semigroups.     

System of generalized variational inclusions with -accretive operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces

In this paper, we consider and study a system of generalized variational inclusions with H-accretive operators in uniformly smooth Banach spaces. We prove the convergence of iterative algorithm for this system of generalized variational inclusions. A new definition of H-resolvent operator as a retraction is introduced, and in support of the definition, we have constructed an example and a numerical example through Matlab programming. Some special cases are also discussed.