纳米稀土-介质薄膜光电发射光谱和能带结构

用真空蒸发沉积的方法制备了纳米稀土(La、Nd、Sm)粒子 BaO介质薄膜.研究表明薄膜的光电发射光谱响应阈值受纳米稀土粒子形状和大小的影响,球形纳米稀土(Sm)粒子 BaO介质薄膜的光谱响应阈值波长为720 nm,条状纳米稀土(La和Nd)粒子 BaO介质薄膜阈值波长分别为650 nm和660 nm.研究得到纳米稀土粒子 介质薄膜等效界面位垒高度在1.7～2.0 eV之间.由于纳米稀土粒子与BaO介质各自逸出功不同,当构成薄膜后使得纳米粒子周围的空间电荷分布发生变化,纳米粒子周围的能带发生弯曲.     

稀土(III)三硬脂酸盐LB膜的制备及结构研究

用直接在5×10^-^5mol.dm^-^3稀土(III)氯化物水溶液的液面上铺展稀土(III)三硬脂酸盐(简称LnSt~3)的方法,在疏水光学玻璃片上连续沉积了44层以上的含稀土(III)(La、Nd、Sm、Eu、Tb)硬脂酸盐LB膜,转移比为0.7-0.8。低角度X射线衍射(2θ=0.3-14ⅲ)结果表明,膜的结构为高度有序的层状结构,相邻稀土离子面的间距为4.7-4.8nm。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)证实了五种膜中分别含有La、Nd、Sm、Eu和Tb元素。此外,还对LnSt~3LB膜进行了红外光谱考察,表明在亚相中加入一定浓度的稀土离子能有效地抑止界面上LnSt~3的水解作用,为制备含稀土(III)离子的优质LB膜提供了依据。     

稀土(III)三硬脂酸盐LB膜的制备及结构研究

用直接在5×10^-^5mol.dm^-^3稀土(III)氯化物水溶液的液面上铺展稀土(III)三硬脂酸盐(简称LnSt~3)的方法,在疏水光学玻璃片上连续沉积了44层以上的含稀土(III)(La、Nd、Sm、Eu、Tb)硬脂酸盐LB膜,转移比为0.7-0.8。低角度X射线衍射(2θ=0.3-14ⅲ)结果表明,膜的结构为高度有序的层状结构,相邻稀土离子面的间距为4.7-4.8nm。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)证实了五种膜中分别含有La、Nd、Sm、Eu和Tb元素。此外,还对LnSt~3LB膜进行了红外光谱考察,表明在亚相中加入一定浓度的稀土离子能有效地抑止界面上LnSt~3的水解作用,为制备含稀土(III)离子的优质LB膜提供了依据。     

纳米TiO2材料分离富集、悬浮体进样氟化辅助ETV-ICP-AES直接分析痕量稀土元素

以纳米TiO₂为吸附材料分离富集了稀土离子Y,Yb,Eu,La,Dy,Tm,Sm,Ho,Nd和Pr,研究了其吸附性能,并将吸附于纳米TiO₂上的稀土离子直接制成悬浮体,用氟化辅助电热蒸发等离子体原子发射光谱(FETV-ICP-AES)进行检测,考察了上述稀土离子的蒸发行为.结果表明,基体元素可与待测物在灰化阶段完全分离,在优化的实验条件下,检出限和RSD结果均与文献值基本一致.     

丁二烯在氯化稀土-乙醇-烷基铝催化体系中的某些动力学规律Ⅰ.链增长速度常数的变化规律

本文测出丁二烯在La、Nd、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho和Y七种稀土氯化物与两种烷基铝分别组成的催化体系中聚合链增长速度常数和活性中心浓度。其30℃时k_p值在6—100 1/mol·sec间,不同稀土催化剂k_p值顺序为:k_p(Nd)～k_p(Sm)～k_p(Gd)>k_p(La)>k_p(Dy)>k_p(Ho)>k_p(Y)。钕催化剂在七种稀土催化剂中具有较大的活性中心浓度,其值为2—3×10~(-2)mol/molNd。本文对稀土络合催化剂k_p的性质作了讨论。     

镧系金属有机配合物的研究XIV:三(环戊二烯基)稀土金属配合物-氢化钠体系对烯烃的还原反应

研究了九种稀土有机配合物CP3Ln(Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Tb,Y,Er,Yb和Lu)与氢化钠组成的一种新还原体系及与烯烃还原反应的结果.CP3Ln-NaH体系在45℃,四氢呋喃溶液中能程度不同地把1-己烯还原成己烷.还原活性与稀土金属离子的离子半径密切相关.活性顺序是轻稀土>中稀土>重稀土.以CP3Sm最高,CP3Yb最低.讨论了各种因素对还原的影响及还原机理.     

稀土苦味酸盐与1,10-菲啰啉-N-氧化物配合物的合成

在非水介质中合成出稀土苦味酸盐与PhenNO的配合物,RE(PhenNO)_2(Pic)_3(RE=La,Pr,Nd,Sm～Tb,Er,Y)。通过元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、电子光谱、荧光光谱、DTA-TG及~1H NMR谱等对配合物进行了表征。     

稀土氧化物对甲烷在Li—碱土金属氧化物催化剂上氧化偶联反应的影响

在Li—碱土金属氧化物催化剂的基础上研究了分别添加稀土氧化物(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm)对甲烷氧化偶联反应的影响。结果表明:稀土氧化物的添加有助于提高C_2的选择性,其原因可能是稀土有利于甲基自由基的稳定。     

Ag-PVA和Ag-PVA/TiO2复合超薄膜的制备及性能研究

用3种方法制备了银纳米粒子-聚乙烯醇复合体系,其中用加热还原法所得体系中Ag纳米粒子的尺寸较大(15nm),其表面等离子体共振吸收峰较宽,最大吸收波长位于420nm;用室温硼氢化钠还原法得到的复合体系的吸收峰蓝移至409nm,且峰形较窄,Ag纳米粒子的平均粒径为8.7nm;低温NaBH4还原法所得体系吸收峰进一步蓝移至397nm,此时Ag纳米粒子粒径最小(3.5nm).将室温还原法所得Ag-PVA复合体系旋涂成膜,所得薄膜光滑、透明、均匀性好,该法适用于制备多层薄膜,以调控薄膜的厚度和光谱性质.将Ag-PVA复合体系与钛酸四丁酯(Ti(O_nBu)₄)的乙醇溶液交替旋涂得到Ag-PVA/TiO₂有机/无机复合薄膜.紫外-可见吸收光谱研究表明,随着Ag-PVA层数的增加,薄膜的表面等离子体共振吸收强度呈线性增加,但是TiO₂层数的增加对吸收光谱没有明显影响.Ag-PVA/TiO₂有机/无机复合薄膜将金属纳米粒子、有机高分子与无机半导体材料结合在一起,这种多层纳米结构在光电、催化功能薄膜等方面具有潜在的应用前景.     

冠醚与轻稀土苦味酸盐配合物的合成和性质

冠醚对稀土苦味酸盐的萃取研究已有较多报道,但与萃取过程密切相关的冠醚与稀土苦味酸盐配合物的研究却报道不多,本工作合成了文献中尚未见报道的轻稀土苦味酸盐RE(Pic)_3(RE=La、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu和Gd)与18-冠-6(18C6)的固体配合物并研究其组成和性质。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.