H2SO4-HAc-GIC的合成及其X射线衍射光谱和紫外光谱研究

本文以天然鳞片石墨为原料,合成了H2SO4－HAc-GIC,对该石墨层间化合物进行了X衍射及紫外光谱分析,测定了含硫量,并利用光谱分析结果对反应机理进行了初步探讨。     

氢氧化铝共沉淀浮选石墨炉原子吸收测水中铬（Ⅲ）与铬（Ⅵ）

本文了研究了氢氧化铝共沉淀浮选，石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定天然地表水和饮用水中痕量Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的方法。     

溶剂浮选-紫外分光光度法分析/富集废水中草甘膦铵盐的研究

基于在酸性条件下,草甘膦铵盐与Fe^3＋可生成稳定配合物,同时以孔雀石绿（MG）作为捕捉剂可提高该配合物在异辛醇等有机溶剂中的溶解度,据此建立了溶剂浮选-紫外分光光度法分析/富集草甘膦生产废水中的草甘膦铵盐的方法。同时考察了捕捉剂和螯合剂及其用量、pH、浮选时间、有机溶剂等因素对浮选效果的影响,并将溶剂浮选法与泡沫浮选法以及溶剂萃取法进行了比较,结果表明溶剂浮选法分离/富集效果最好,草甘膦铵盐回收率达91.2%。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定阿司匹林铜中铅、砷

试样在镍盐存在下于530℃灰化,残查用硝酸溶解后用石墨炉原子吸收法测定微量铅,砷,试样加铅,砷标准的回收率分别为92％－112％,86％－119％,相对标准偏差为11％－15％。     

铁蛋白脱铁机制的建立及脱铁前后光谱变化的研究

建立了一套可以实现铁蛋白脱铁的机制并对脱铁前后铁蛋白的光谱进行了分析。应用连二亚硫酸钠(Sodium Hyposulfite)为还原剂与铁蛋白发生还原反应,促使铁蛋白矿化铁的还原释放,此过程中使用2,2-联吡啶(2,2-Dipyridyl)实时监测脱铁状况。通过ICP-MS检测显示,脱铁铁蛋白制备成功。紫外分析结果表明铁蛋白在脱铁之前没有吸收峰,而在脱铁后在280 nm处具有明显的吸收峰。荧光分析结果表明,铁蛋白脱铁前没有荧光发射光谱,而在脱铁后则具有荧光发射光谱。     

浮选光度法测定痕量铜

根据 Cu(DDTC) 2 易浮选于苯中 ,建立了溶剂浮选测定铜的新光度法 ,本法灵敏度高 (ε=2 .9× 10 5L·mol-1·cm-1) ,精密度和选择性好 ,检出限低 ,适于天然水中痕量铜的测定     

Diffuse Reflectance Spectra of Rare Earth Benzoylacetonates in Ultraviolet region

Rare earth β-diketonates are promising laser materials. Their solid state spectra is expected to give their spectral characteristics. The diffuse reflectance spectra of some rare earth β-diketonates and esters in ultraviolet region have been reported recently by the authors¹. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of transition metal chelates have also been reported^2,3 recently. The spectra of the non-transition metal ion chelates usually consist⁴ only of the metal charge transfer and ligand intramolecular transitions. The ligand transitions in all the cases are characteristic of the coordinated ligand. The spectrum of the ligand, however, helps in assigning the transitions of the co-ordinated ligand. A comparison of the spectrum of ligands and their rare earth complexes^1,5,6 shows that on complexation no new bands appear in ultraviolet suggesting that unlike transition metal β-diketonates^2,3, charge transfer bands do not appear in the present case. The ligand intramolecular transitions are expected mainly due to the carbonyl group.     

红外光谱法研究XeF2表面氟化丁腈橡胶动力学

丁腈橡胶表面氟化可以在橡胶表面生成类似氟橡胶结构的保护膜,在保留基体高弹性、耐寒性等优良性能的基础上,可以使丁腈橡胶的抗摩擦、耐介质和抗老化性能得到增强,使用范围增大.用红外光谱法进行了丁腈橡胶氟化反应动力学探索,得到了实验反应速率方程,丁腈橡胶表面氟化反应表观上为1.5级反应.由于反应生成的氟化层对后续反应的影响,实验反应级数存在随氟化时间增加而减小的趋势,速率常数则随着反应温度升高而减小.     

FT-IR光谱在橡胶分析中的应用

本实验通过FT-IR光谱法对橡胶进行定性分析。用有机溶剂提取，柱层析分离鉴定有机添加剂；并利用IR差谱技术对难分离组分进行鉴定；采用裂解手段鉴定胶种；KBR压片法分析无机填料。     

Scanning Tunneling Vibrational Spectroscopy

A new method for studying of vibronic transitions by scanning tunneling microscope (“nitraresonator electron-vibronic scanning tunneling spectroscopy of adsorbates”) is proposed. Results of experiments carried out by STM “Omicron” where electron-vibronic series of field emission resonances were observed are presented. Frequencies of the resonances correspond to ones of local vibrations of titan oxide and adsorbed hydroxil particles.     

Chitosan: A N-doped carbon source of silicon-based anode material for lithium ion batteries

Silicon/graphite/carbon (Si/G/CTS-C) composite, based on nano-silicon, flake graphite, and chitosan-derived carbon (CTS-C), was prepared by spray drying and subsequent pyrolysis. The results of X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy illustrate that chitosan is a good dispersion agent and chitosan-derived carbon is N-doped. The results indicate that the initial charge capacity of Si/G/CTS-C composite is 613.9 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 100 mA g^?1 corresponding to an initial coulombic efficiency of 81.89%. Besides, the Si/G/CTS-C composite exhibits higher specific capacity, more superior rate capability, better cycling performance, and lower impedance than that of silicon/graphite/phenolic resin-derived carbon (Si/G/P-C) composite.     

十六烷基三甲基季铵溴化物-KI体系浮选分离铱

研究了十六烷基三甲基季铵澳化物-碘化钾体系分离铱的行为及与一些金属离子分离的条件.试验表明,在一定条件下,Ir4+与Fe2+、Mn2+、Cr3+、Zn2+、Al3+、Ni2+、Co2和Mg2+离子可定量分离.     

On the energy stability of carbon nanoclusters

A method for evaluating the energy stability of carbon nanoclusters is proposed. The stabilities of the nanoclusters with different structures, such as diamond and graphite, tubulenes and graphite, are compared. Two series of stable clusters with new structures, namely, alm-ene and alm-ine, are derived. A comparison is performed for small graphite clusters containing boron atoms that play a significant role in the reaction of fullerene formation.     

应用振动光谱技术检测鉴定微生物的研究进展

振动光谱（红外光谱和拉曼光谱）技术与化学计量学相结合的方法对微生物进行分类、鉴定和无损检测,该方法快速简便、准确度高、仅需微量样品和少量化学试剂、对样品本身没有损害。介绍了振动光谱技术在微生物鉴定检测中的工作原理、关键技术和应用,并对该方法存在的问题和研究前景进行了分析和展望。     

A High Resolution Study of the Shock Excited Spectrum of Yttrium Oxide

Abstract

The blue-green (B²? X²?) and orange (A²? –X²?) systems of yttrium oxide have been shock excited at temperatures of about 4000°K and photographed at high dispersion (～ 1.2Å/mm) in the first order of a 21 ft. grating spectrograph. The high dispersion shock excited spectra were recorded using multiple exposures and latensification of extremely high speed film. Over 50 new bands have been observed and assigned to specific vibrational transitions for the systems. New molecular constants have been derived from the A, B and X states. Provisional calculations have been made of Franck-Condon factors and r-centroids for the systems appropriate to new constants.     

N2-苯浮选缔合光度法测定碘的研究

本文依据在强酸性磷酸介质中,Br2氧化I-为I2,进而与I-生成配阴离子I-3,利用溴化十六烷基三甲胺(CTMAB)与I-3发生等离子对缔合物反应,生成缔合物CTMA+*I-3,该缔合物易溶于苯,且在苯中稳定,从而建立了溶剂浮选光度法测碘新方法.本法灵敏度高,选择性强,精密度好,实测了天然水及加碘的盐中碘,结果令人满意.     

人体脏器中钼的石墨炉原子吸收测定方法的研究

本文讨论了用衬钽石管测定人体脏器中钼的方法。初钽管完全消除了形成稳定碳化物的影响,灵敏度较用普通石墨炉管提高约８４倍,较用热解石墨管提高了一个数量级,完全消除 记忆效应,减少了钠、钾、铁等共存元素的干扰．方法简单、准确、快速。     

隐身飞机尾焰的红外辐射特性

隐身飞机尾焰的红外辐射是隐身飞机探测的主要辐射源.本文提出了一种新的隐身飞机尾焰红外辐射特性计算模型.该模型以普通飞机尾焰红外辐射特性计算模型为基础,进而考虑红外隐身措施的影响,间接实现隐身飞机尾焰的红外辐射特性的计算.计算模型分别考虑了隐身飞机的二元喷口、引射技术、红外遮蔽云以及遮挡对尾焰辐射的影响.计算结果得出,添加隐身措施后尾焰辐射强度仅为添加前辐射强度的5.8%.针对隐身飞机尾焰红外辐射特性很难获取的问题,将计算结果与喷灯燃烧航空煤油的光谱峰位数据进行了比较,实验结果显示隐身前后辐射能量量级变化与国外文献相同,表明该模型可以用于隐身飞机尾焰红外辐射特性计算.     

Determining misorientation of graphite grains from the angular dependence of X-ray emission spectra

Angular-resolved X-ray absorption spectra were measured for pyrolytic graphite samples of various quality. A new approach to determining the misorientation of graphite grains in polycrystalline samples is proposed, which is based on calculations of the angular dependence of the relative intensity of a peak corresponding to the π* state for a normal distribution of grains. The experimental values are used to construct theoretical angular dependences using partial densities of the π* and σ* states determined from the nonempirical calculations for graphite.