Carbon as Reference for Normalizing Infrared Photoacoustic Spectra

Photoacoustic spectra of solids¹ are usually “source compensated,” i. e., normalized for differences in source emission at different wavelengths, and such compensation is done by comparing the photoacoustic spectrum of a sample to the emission spectrum of the source measured directly with, say, a photocell,² power meter,³ or photodiode,⁴ or to the photoacoustic spectrum of “carbon” recorded under the same conditions as that of the sample. A variety of carbons has been used for this purpose, including carbon black on silica,⁵ soot from a gas torch,⁶ and acatylene-sooted bakelite,⁷ such a reference substance being assumed to be a flat black absorber. That assumption appears to be valid, as indicated by the close     

Electronic Spectrum of Tetralin

Vibrational structure and intensity of the electronic absorption spectrum of tetralin vapour are reported. It is pointed out that the molecule is probably strained and consideration of G-π conjugation may be important in explaining the spectral features.     

The Nutation Effect and Sit on the Exciton Levels

The theory of the nutation effect and SIT on the exciton levels, where the polariton dispersion is taken into account, are considered.     

Theoretical Studies on the Electronic Spectra of Isomeric Bifurans,Bipyrroles, Bithiophenes,Thienylfurans, Thienylpyrroles,and Furylpyrroles

Bifurans (I-III), bipyrroles (IV-VI), bithiophenes (VII-IX), thienylfurans (X-XIII), thienylpyrroles (XIV-XVII), and furylpyrroles (XVIII-XXI) are isomeric biheterocycles formed from two five-membered ring systems (furan, pyrrole, thiophene) linked together by an essential single bond (～1.47 Å).     

Structure Elucidation of Textile Fabrics by Fourier Transform Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

A photoacoustic detection system mainly based on a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer has been constructed and some tentative evaluations of its performances have been made. Infrared photoacoustic spectra of cotton and nylon cloths have been obtained without troublesome sample preparations which are necessary in conventional infrared spectrometry. It can be said that the Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy is useful for the structure elucidation of organic polymers.     

拉曼光谱谱峰分辨技术

本文利用最小二乘拟合方法对一些拉曼光谱进行洛仑兹函数拟合,在PC机上编写了谱图分辨的程序,得到了较好的结果。     

FTIR和Raman用于盐酸曲马多的结构分析

采用AVATAR 360型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和RM-1000型激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪测定盐酸曲马多的红外光谱和拉曼光谱。拉曼光谱和红外光谱中均显示出了盐酸曲马多的特征峰,都能够用于其结构鉴别。采用红外、拉曼光谱这两种方法互相印证,互相补充,可增强鉴定的准确性、可靠性。     

酵母菌吸附铅前后红外光谱比较

本文对酵母菌吸附铅前后的红外光谱图作了比较，吸附后酵母菌的主要成分和结构保持完整３３８９ｃｍ＾－１峰位红移３３ｃｍ＾－１。     

Properties of IR Absorption Spectra of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O Superconducting Material

Abstract

We used the co-decomposition method to make the Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O superconductor samples (T_c = 112K) under oxygen partial pressure. Oxygen dependence of high-T_c phase was studied. The infrared absorption spectra of (Bi_1?xPb_x)₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_10+σ superconductor were measured at various temperatures from 98 to 290K. A new IR absorption peak was observed at 1265 cm^?1 below 217K. The intensity of this peak became stronger with temperature decreasing.     

非理想化学计量比氧化铀的拉曼和红外光谱

测量了七种非理想化学计量比的UO₂+x(0＜x＜0.66)及UO₂和U₃O₇等理想化学计量比氧化铀的拉曼和红外光谱,并进行了对比分析,其中U₃O₇和U₃O₈之间UO₂+x的分子振动光谱为首次报道。拉曼光谱结果显示,随着UO₂+x中x值的增加,UO₂特征峰中的578和1 150 cm-1峰强度快速减弱,当x=0.19时,这两峰基本消失,可视为准完美萤石晶体结构UO₂的标志。445 cm-1峰强度在减弱的同时变宽并偏移,当x=0.32时,该峰已偏移至459 cm-1处,同时在～630 cm-1出现一弱肩峰,这与四方相U₃O₇的特征峰一致。当x≥0.39时,459 cm-1峰发生分裂,在235和754 cm-1处出现新峰并增强,其特征逐渐与正交相的α-U₃O₈接近。但直至x=0.60时,与α-U₃O₈相比其333,397,483和805 cm-1峰仍不突出。红外光谱结果显示,随着UO₂+x中x值的增加,UO₂位于400～570 cm-1区间的强吸收特征谱带逐渐分裂为～421和～515 cm-1两峰并增强,同时UO₂在～700 cm-1的弱吸收峰逐渐消失,～645 cm-1处的肩峰逐渐显现,出现的这三个峰正是U₃O₇的特征红外吸收峰。当x≥0.39时,在744 cm-1出现一强吸收峰并增强,该峰是α-U₃O₈的最强特征峰。但即使x=0.60时,～645 cm-1峰仍然存在,同时～515 cm-1峰也未明显分裂成485和535 cm-1峰,这表明UO_2.60仍处于四方相和正交相的过渡阶段。上述结果表明,随着x值的增加,UO₂+x的晶体结构发生变化,每次变化均在拉曼和红外光谱中得到体现。通过对比各特征峰相对强度和位置的变化情况,可很好区分和表征不同的氧化铀。     

红外光谱中取代基对苯环骨架振动吸收峰的影响规律

本文初步地探讨了单取代及对位双取代对苯环骨架振动吸收峰频率和强度的影响规律 ,得出结论 :1给电子单取代基随给电子能力增强使苯环骨架振动吸收峰 16 0 0 cm-1增强 ,而吸电子基则相反。 2卤素作为单取代基时 ,使苯环骨架伸缩振动产生强红外吸收峰 ;且随卤素电负性增强吸收峰频率向高波数移动。 3对位取代基为不同类型时 ,16 0 0 cm-1处显强峰 ,而为同一类型时 ,当电子效应相近或相同时 ,16 0 0 cm-1处吸收峰很弱或根本无吸收峰。并讨论了产生这些现象的原因。     

单斜RbInS2、C sInS2的红外光谱及拉曼光谱

我们采用传统的助熔剂合成方法制备单斜ＲｂＩｎＳ２、ＣｓＩｎＳ２晶体并对它们的红外光谱和拉曼光谱进行研究。与ＲｂＩｎＳ２相比,ＣｓＩｎＳ２的红外吸收峰和拉曼吸收峰向长波方向移动。红外光谱和拉曼光谱均表明单斜ＲｂＩｎＳ２、ＣｓＩｎＳ２具有很好的红外透过性能。     

去卷积和高斯拟合方法在FTIR光谱处理中的应用

讨论了FTIR光谱产生的机理,并分析了影响其光谱质量的两种原因:(1)干涉图的截断;(2)仪器采样率低.为了改善由上述两种原因引起光谱畸变,我们对其进行了仪器线型函数去卷积和高斯拟合,使其更接近实际光谱,从而使由其计算出的物理量更接近实际值,结果更精确.     

塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱计算及分析

近几年, 国内有关塑化剂的食品安全事件频发, 迫切需求加强对于食品中塑化剂的检测研究工作。邻苯二甲酸二辛酯是塑化剂的一种。理论计算和实验测量了邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱。利用密度泛函理论DFT(B3LYP)的三参数混合方法对其进行了空间结构优化;然后分别用(Hartree-Fock)HF/3-21G和DFT/3-21G两种算法计算了它的拉曼光谱和红外光谱, 给出了光谱强度图。实验测量了分析纯级邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱, 并和理论计算结果进行了对比, 显示了很好的一致性,与此同时由于计算方法的不同, 从图中可以看出Gaussian计算的HF和DFT算法无论是峰的位置还是相对强度等都均存在差别。还给出了常用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的各个键长、键角等空间结构参数, 并对邻苯二甲酸二辛酯分子在400～3 500 cm-1区间的振动谱做了指认。报道了常用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱研究工作。这些工作将有助于拉曼光谱技术在食品检测领域的研究和应用。     

塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱计算及分析

近几年,国内有关塑化剂的食品安全事件频发,迫切需求加强对于食品中塑化剂的检测研究工作。邻苯二甲酸二辛酯是塑化剂的一种。理论计算和实验测量了邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱。利用密度泛函理论DFT(B3LYP)的三参数混合方法对其进行了空间结构优化;然后分别用(Hartree-Fock)HF/3-21G和DFT/3-21G两种算法计算了它的拉曼光谱和红外光谱,给出了光谱强度图。实验测量了分析纯级邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱,并和理论计算结果进行了对比,显示了很好的一致性,与此同时由于计算方法的不同,从图中可以看出Gaussian计算的HF和DFT算法无论是峰的位置还是相对强度等都均存在差别。还给出了常用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的各个键长、键角等空间结构参数,并对邻苯二甲酸二辛酯分子在400～3 500 cm-1区间的振动谱做了指认。报道了常用塑化剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的拉曼光谱研究工作。这些工作将有助于拉曼光谱技术在食品检测领域的研究和应用。     

低温冰箱冷冻对人体组织拉曼光谱的影响

研究了低温冰箱冷冻保存时间对人体甲状腺组织、子宫肌瘤组织的拉曼光谱的影响。组织用磷酸缓冲生理液浸泡 ,于 - 4℃保存 (未冻 ) 1 0 h,测试拉曼光谱 ;测后将组织样品浸入磷酸缓冲生理液 ,置于低温冰箱 - 30℃保存。分别于冷冻几天、十几天和六十天后 ,取出解冻测试拉曼光谱。结果表明 ,冷冻保存 1 0天内对组织的拉曼光谱没有明显的影响。该结果对拉曼光谱研究人体组织具有指导意义     

梧桐树叶吸附铜离子前后红外光谱分析比较

本文对吸附Cu2 前后梧桐树叶的红外光谱进行了分析比较.梧桐树叶的红外吸收光谱图主要由碳水化合物如木质素、纤维素等吸收带组成.1735cm-1和1615cm-1处的吸收峰是由C=O的伸缩振动引起的;1515cm-1的吸收峰是苯环的骨架振动峰,1243cm-1处是苯羟基中C-O的伸缩振动峰.1447cm-1处的吸收峰为CH3和CH2的不对称弯曲振动峰,1370cm-1处是甲基的弯曲振动峰.吸附Cu2 后,羧基的羰基峰(1735cm-1附近)向低波数移动1-2cm-1,酮羰基峰(1616cm-1附近)向高波数移动2-8cm-1;天然树叶1242cm-1处的吸收峰红移至1238cm-1处.红外光谱比较分析的结果表明吸附Cu2 后树叶的结构仍保持完整.     

Infrared Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy of Carbon-Supported Metal Catalysts

The infrared (IR) study of surface species and reactions occurring on solids has contributed markedly to our understanding of surface chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis, and a wide variety of solids has been examined. However, an entire class of catalysts consisting of metal dispersed on carbon has never been studied because the carbon catalyst support absorbs IR radiation so strongly in even the thinnest practical layers that conventional IR techniques fail. As IR data would be helpful in understanding how such catalysts function, we have explored the feasibility of examining carbon-supported catalysts with photothermal beam deflection spectroscopy (PDS) and describe the first IR spectra ot surface species on a Ni-on-carbon catalyst.     

光声光谱法测定枪药表面高分子钝感剂的浓度分布

采用步进扫描傅里叶变换红外光声光谱法测定小尺寸钝感枪药表面高分子钝感剂浓度分布趋势,证实了该技术在含能材料近表面分析和研究中的实用价值。