间接荧光法测定维生素C

实验发现,抗坏血酸在水溶液中能将无荧光的铈(Ⅳ)离子还原成能发射特征荧光的铈(Ⅲ)离子,加入六偏磷酸钠溶液,可使体系的荧光强度大大增强,由此建立了灵敏间接测定抗坏血酸的新方法。用1 cm石英比色池在激发和发射波长分别为303和340 nm处测定其荧光强度;抗坏血酸在1.0×10-7～8.0×10-6 mol·L-1浓度范围内与体系的荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 7,检出限为1.6×10-8 mol·L-1(S/N=3)。     

用EDTP进行微量Ce3+离子的荧光光度测定

Ce3+离子在pH 7～8的溶液中,与乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸(EDTP)形成1∶1的配合物时,Ce3+离子的自身荧光得到的明显的增强.本文研究了这种荧光增强作用用于溶液中微量Ce3+荧光分析的方法.结果表明,用该配合物体系进行Ce3+的荧光分析时,配合物的最大激发和发射波长分别在313 nm和397 nm,工作曲线在1×10-8 mol.L-1～1×10-4 mol·L-1的范围内呈很好的直线,在灵敏度和线性范围方面接近已知的最好的荧光分析方法,而由于Ce3+与EDTP形成非常稳定的配合物,同时使Ce3+离子的发光有较大的红移,因此在消除干扰离子的影响特别是Pr3+和PO3-4的干扰方面明显优于其他方法.     

Fluorescence of Metal–Ligand Complexes of Mono- and Di-Substituted Naphthalene Derivatives

In this work, metal ion complexes for several naphthalene derivatives have been investigated. Different working pH values were chosen: 2.5 for complexes with Zr(IV), 4.0 for complexes with Fe(III), 5.0 for complexes with Al(III), and 7.5 for complexes with Cu(II). A stoichiometry of 1:1 for all complexes except two has been established by use of the Benesi–Hildebrand method and the stability constants have been calculated. All complexes between naphthalene derivatives and Cu(II) and Fe(III) show fluorescence quenching. In the case of Al(III), all complexes provided enhanced fluorescence. For Zr(IV), only the complex with 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid provided enhanced fluorescence. The value of the stability constants as a function of the substituents of naphthalene derivatives has been analyzed. One can conclude that Cu(II) showed the largest binding affinity for the mono-substituted derivatives. However, Al(III) and Zr(IV) produced greater selectivity for the di-substituted derivatives. Iron(III) showed no specific binding with any of the naphthalene derivatives.     

稀土探针Sm3+与牛血清白蛋白结合作用的分子光谱及电化学表征

研究了稀土Sm3 与牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)固体配合物合成方法 ,对其傅里叶红外光谱分析表明 ,Sm3 与牛血清白蛋白的羟基的氧和胺基或酰胺基的氮形成强烈的配位配合物。紫外光谱分析表明 ,Sm3 与BSA作用时直接与酪氨酸残基作用。在模拟生理条件下研究了Sm3 与BSA的结合性质 ,荧光光谱分析表明Sm3 与BSA形成 2 5∶1的配合物 ,表观络合常数为lgK =11 0 0。并用循环伏安法研究了pH条件对Sm3 与BSA结合作用的影响以及该配合物的稳定性     

光谱法结合分子模拟技术研究左氧氟沙星与胃蛋白酶的相互作用机理

在模拟生理条件下,采用荧光光谱法结合分子对接技术研究了左氧氟沙星与胃蛋白酶的相互作用。不同温度下的Stern-Volmer曲线结果表明,左氧氟沙星主要以静态猝灭的方式使胃蛋白酶的荧光产生猝灭。由热力学数据确定了两者之间存在的作用力主要为静电作用力。三维荧光光谱实验结果表明,在左氧氟沙星与胃蛋白酶发生作用过程中引起了胃蛋白酶中酪氨酸和色氨酸残基构象的变化,从而导致胃蛋白酶发生了猝灭作用。为了进一步探讨左氧氟沙星与胃蛋白酶相互作用的分子机理,利用分子对接技术对两者的相互作用进行模拟。结果表明两者发生作用的区域位于胃蛋白酶的催化活性中心,左氧氟沙星的进入导致酶催化中心氨基酸残基的微环境发生改变,从而对胃蛋白酶的活性造成影响,这可能也是左氧氟沙星引起消化不良的主要原因。     

光谱法研究稀土离子钇(Ⅲ)与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了稀土金属离子Y3+与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。实验结果发现:Y3+对BSA的紫外吸收光谱具有增强作用,而对荧光光谱具有较强的荧光猝灭作用且峰位明显蓝移20～25 nm。用Stern-Volmer方程分别对实验数据进行分析,得出结论:Y3+对BSA的荧光猝灭作用是属于静态荧光猝灭,Y3+与BSA反应生成了新的复合物,发生了分子内的非辐射能量转移。求得相互作用过程的结合常数(KA)和热力学参数(ΔΗ、ΔS、ΔG),确定了它们之间的主要作用力是范德华力、氢键等,但静电作用力也不可忽略。同步荧光光谱法表明Y3+对牛血清白蛋白的构象有影响。     

Composition and corrosion resistance of cerium conversion films on the AZ31 magnesium alloy and its relation to the salt anion

Pre-treatments based on different cerium salts were applied to the AZ31 Mg alloy. The pre-treatments were performed by immersion in solutions of various Ce(III) salts: cerium chloride, cerium nitrate, cerium sulphate and cerium phosphate. The chemical composition of the treated surfaces was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy, whereas the corrosion behaviour of the pre-treated AZ31 substrates was investigated in 0.005 M NaCl solutions using potentiodynamic polarisation and open circuit potential monitoring. The surface film contained a mixture of Ce(IV) and Ce(III) salts. The film thickness depends upon the cerium salt used. The electrochemical results show that all the conversion pre-treatments reduced the corrosion activity of the AZ31 Mg alloy substrates in the presence of chloride ions. The corrosion protection efficiency is related with the anion present in the cerium salt.     

Nd∶GGG晶体荧光寿命的测试及受激发射截面的计算

介绍了荧光寿命的测试原理。设计了荧光寿命测试系统。利用脉冲取样技术测试了Nd∶GGG晶体的荧光寿命,约为250μs。采用英国的荧光光谱仪,在室温条件下,用波长为488nm的Ar离子激光器激发Nd:GGG晶体,获得了Nd:GGG晶体的荧光光谱,计算出的Nd∶GGG晶体的受激发射截面σ(λ)为21.57×10-20cm2。     

Sensitive Determination of Carbohydrates by Fluorimetric Method with Ce(IV) and Sodium Triphosphate

A new simple and sensitive fluorimetric method for the determination of carbohydrates is described. The method is based on the reaction between carbohydrates and Ce(IV) in the presence of sulfuric acid. All the reductive carbohydrates can be detected indirectly by the fluorescence of Ce(III) produced. The addition of sodium triphate enhances the sensitivity of the method by more than 10-folds. Under optimum conditions, an excellent linear relationship was obtained between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of carbohydrates. The limits of detection lie in the range of 9.3 x 10(-10) - 1.3 x 10(-9) mol/L. As compared to the normal fluorimetric method, the proposed method is faster and more sensitive.     

Preparation of polymer–rare earth complex using salicylic acid-containing polystyrene and its fluorescence emission property

Salicylic acid (SA) was first bonded onto the side chains of polystyrene (PS), obtaining functional macromolecule SAPS. Using the salicylic acid-containing polystyrene as a macromolecular ligand, a polymer–rare earth complex, SAPS–Eu(III), was prepared. The structure of SAPS–Eu(III) was characterized, and the fluorescence properties of SAPS–Eu(III) were mainly investigated. The experimental results show that the complex SAPS–Eu(III) has fine chemical stability because of the bidentate chelating effect of salicylic acid ligand. More important, the ligand SA on the side chains of PS can strongly sensitize the fluorescence emission of the center ion, Eu³⁺ ion, and it enables the complex SAPS–Eu(III) to produce the apparent “Antenna Effect”. In the diluted solution of the functional macromolecule SAPS, the formed complex SAPS–Eu(III) belongs to an intramolecular complex, or an intrachain complex. For the binary intramolecular complex SAPS–Eu(III), the apparent saturated coordination number of SA of SAPS towards Eu³⁺ ion is equal to 10, and here the binary intrachain complex SAPS–Eu(III) has the strongest fluorescence emission. On this basis, small-molecule 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen) acting as a co-ligand is added and the ternary complex SAPS–Eu(III)–Phen will be formed. As long as a small amount of Phen is added (in the molar ratio 1:1 (n(Phen):n(Eu))), the coordination of the two kinds of ligands, SA of SAPS and Phen, to Eu³⁺ ion will reach complete saturation, and here the fluorescence emission of the ternary complex will be further enhanced via the complementary coordination effect in comparison with that of the binary complex SAPS–Eu(III).     

Intensification of sonochemical degradation of antibiotics levofloxacin using carbon tetrachloride

Sonochemical degradation of levofloxacin was investigated to assess the operational parameters and the impacts of rate enhancers (CCl₄) and rate inhibitors (t-butanol). Different dosages of CCl₄, pH value of solutions, ultrasonic power, and initial concentration of levofloxacin which affected the degradation of levofloxacin were studied. The degradation rate of levofloxacin was accelerated with increased concentrations of CCl₄ via the accumulation of reactive chlorine species and the hindrance of OH radical combination reactions with atomic hydrogen. The addition of t-butanol at all test concentrations inhibited the degradation of levofloxacin regardless of the quantity of OH radicals in solution. It was also found that 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) of the solution increased evidently after sonochemical treatment, and the ratio of BOD₅/COD that was a good measure for biodegradability increased from 0 to 0.41, which indicated that biodegradability of the solution was obviously enhanced. Based on the results, it is feasible that sonochemical oxidation can be used for pretreatment of levofloxacin effluent before biological treatment processes.     

(TPP)NO3的合成、表征与分子识别NO

在氯仿与无水乙醇的混合溶剂(体积比为1:1)中,四苯基卟啉(TPP)与Ce(NO₃)·6H₂O混合反应后,得产物Ce(TPP)NO₃. 通过紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱、荧光光谱、质谱、核磁共振氢谱的分析与表征,四苯基卟啉与铈原子以四齿方式进行配位,在同一个铈原子上还有一个硝酸根配位. 向Ce(TPP)NO₃的二氯甲烷溶液中通入NO气体,NO可以配位在同一个铈原子上,得到新的配合物Ce(TPP)(NO)NO₃,向此溶液中通入N₂,金属卟啉配合物可以恢复为配合物Ce(TPP)NO₃.     

离子色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定含金尾矿中砷

研究了离子色谱-氢化物发生-原子荧光(IC-HG-AFS)联用测定金矿尾矿淋滤液中各种价态砷的方法。以(NH₄)₂HPO₄溶液(pH 6.00)为流动相,阴离子分离柱分离,原子荧光进行检测,As(Ⅲ)加标回收率在97%～107%、As(Ⅴ)在95%～109%之间,相对标准偏差小于4%。从测试结果和色谱分离图可以看出,该方法能够使As(Ⅲ),As(Ⅴ),MMA和DMA等四种形态的砷完全分离。检出限可达到As(Ⅲ)1.0 μg·L-1,As(Ⅴ)2.3 μg·L-1。该方法适用于金矿石、尾矿石淋出液及金矿周遍环境水体中不同价态砷和总砷的定性和定量测定。     

Multiporous ceria nanoparticles prepared by spray pyrolysis

The morphology of ceria nanoparticles prepared by spray pyrolysis (SP) from cerium (III) acetate and cerium (III) nitrate hydrate precursors were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. It was observed that using the nitrate as a precursor, particles containing multiple pores in the core can be prepared preferentially as opposed to the acetate precursor, when particles with predominantly a single pore were obtained. It was also found that the number of pores in the particles strongly correlates with the particle diameter. It is shown that predominantly multiporous particles for possible catalytic applications may be obtained by selecting particles with diameters between 50 and 100 nm and using cerium nitrate hydrate as a precursor. A mechanism leading to formation of multiporous ceria nanoparticles in the case of using the nitrate precursor in the SP process is discussed based on thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data.     

Rapid detection of doxycycline content in duck meat by using silver nanoparticles and alkylphenols polyoxyethylene enhanced fluorescence of europium complex

Doxycycline can coordinate with europium (III) to form europium (III)-doxycycline complex, which can emit the fluorescence characteristic peak of europium (III) at 617 nm in alkaline solution, and the experiment proved that the fluorescence intensity could be further enhanced in the presence of silver nanoparticles and surfactant alkylphenols polyoxyethylene. So this method was applied to detect doxycycline content in duck meat in this research. First, 390 and 617 nm were selected as the optimum excitation wavelength and optimum emission wavelength by three-dimensional fluorescence spectrometry, respectively. Second, the experimental conditions were optimized through single factor experiment. Lastly, the samples of doxycycline concentration range of 0.05–12 mg/L were analyzed under the optimum experimental conditions. A good linear relationship between the doxycycline concentration and the fluorescence intensity was obtained, and the determination coefficient and the root mean squared error of prediction were 0.9982 and 0.4363 mg/L, respectively. This research showed that it was feasible to achieve the rapid detection of doxycycline content in duck meat by using silver nanoparticles and alkylphenols polyoxyethylene enhanced the fluorescence of europium complex.     

邻苯二甲酸铕—铽络合体系的荧光性能和红外光谱研究

本文对在３６５ｎｍ波长紫外光激发下均可发出特征荧光的铕、铽邻苯二甲酸固体络合物以机械混合和化学作用两种混合方式，研究了这两系列混合络合物的荧光光谱和红外光谱。结果表明，无论其荧光发射波长还是其发射强度，铕、铽之间均存在相互影响；其中荧光发射峰位的变化较小，而荧光强度变化较大，铕、铽的荧光性能之间即存在相互敏化作用，又存在相互猝灭作用。红外光谱结果表明机械混合和化学作用都使络合物的结构发生了变化。     

用同步辐射光源研究掺铈对闪烁体发光性质的影响

描述了北京同步辐射装置上，利用同步辐射作为激光光源，观测微量元素铈对闪烁体ＧＳＯ、ＰｂＦ２和ＢａＦ２发光性质的影响。     

Fluorimetric Determination of Cerium(IV) with Ascorbic Acid

A simple, sensitive, and selective method for the determination of cerium(IV), based on the oxidative reaction between cerium(IV) and ascorbic acid, has been described. The fluorescence comes from Ce(III) at λ_excitation 298 nm and λ_emission 358 nm, which, in turn, is obtained from the oxidation of ascorbic acid by Ce(IV) in the presence of sulfuric acid. The optimum conditions such as concentrations of ascorbic acid, sulfuric acid media and pH of the buffer solution were investigated. The fluorescent intensity of the system is linear over the range 0.0531 μg/ml to 0.3322 mg/ml Ce(IV) and detection limit and correlation coefficient are 0.0145 μg/ml and R=0.99987,respectively.     

稀土铽离子与去甲肾上腺素的荧光反应及其分析应用

实验发现稀土铽离子能与去甲肾上腺素发生络合反应 ,并发射出铽离子的特征荧光。在对铽离子与去甲肾上腺素的络合发光反应进行了详细研究的基础上 ,提出了一种简便、快速、灵敏检测去甲肾上腺素的新方法。在激发波长为 30 0nm ,发射波长为 5 4 5nm处测定其荧光强度 ,去甲肾上腺素浓度在 0 0 1～ 5 0 μg·mL-1范围内与体系的荧光强度具有良好的线性关系 ,相关系数为 0 9990 ,检出限为 1 0ng·mL-1(S/N=3)。该法应用于去甲肾上腺素药物的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

Nd:GGG晶体荧光寿命的测试及受激发射截面的计算

介绍了荧光寿命的测试原理.设计了荧光寿命测试系统.利用脉冲取样技术测试了Nd:GGG晶体的荧光寿命,约为250μs.采用英国的荧光光谱仪,在室温条件下,用波长为488nm的Ar离子激光器激发Nd:GGG晶体,获得了Nd:GGG晶体的荧光光谱,计算出的Nd:GGG晶体的受激发射截面σ(λ)为21.57×10-20cm2.