Application of PMR Spectroscopy in Pharmaceutical Analysis Assay of Furosemide

An analytical method is described for the analysis of furosemide, [4-chloro-2-furfurylamino-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid], using PMR. The procedure reported in this study is simple, rapid and gives accurate results 98.19 ± 1.34% and 99.23 ± 0.88% for furosemide ampoules and tablets respectively. Furthermore, the PMR spectrum obtained provides a mean for qualitative identification of the drug and checking its purity.     

Application of PMR Spectrometry in Pharmaceutical Analysis I. Assay of Clofibrate

A new method, involving the application of PMR spectrometry for the assay of clofibrate and its capsules, is proposed. Among other peaks the PMR spectrum of clofibrate has a well-defined singlet system which is chosen for quantitative measurement. The principle of the method involves comparing the integral of this signal to that of the sharp singlet (positioned at 0.00 ppm) of hexamethylcyclotrisilazane which is used as internal standard.     

Application of PMR Spectrometry in Quantitative Analysis of Praziquantel in Pharmaceutical Preparations

A simple, accurate and specific proton magnetic resonance (PMR) procedure is developed for the assay of praziquantel and its tablets. The method involves comparing the integral of the multiplet of praziquantel (positioned at δ 7.3 ppm) to that of the sharp singlet signal (positioned at δ 6.3 ppm) of maleic acid which is used as intenal standard. The method reported in this study gives accurate and reproducible results when applied for the analysis of both authentic drug and its tablets. In addition the PMR spectrum helps in confirming the identity and purity of the drug.     

PMR Spectrometric Analysis of Chloramphenicol in Pharmaceutical Preparations

A new method is developed using PMR for the assay of chloramphenicol and its pharmaceutical forms. The method is rapid, accurate, precise and helps in confirming the identity and purity of the drug. The principle of the method involves comparing the integral of the well-defined doublet system of chloramphenicol spectrum (positioned at 7.6 δ and 7.5 δ) to that of the sharp singlet (positioned at 6.25 δ) of maleic acid which is used as internal standard.     

PMR Spectrometric Analysis of Trimipramine Maleate in Pharmaceutical Preparation

A new method is described for the assay of Trimipramine maleate, the hydrogen maleate of 5-(3-dimethyl amino-2-methyl-propyl)-10,11-dihydrodibenz-[b,f]-azepine and its base using pmr technique. The method employed is precise, accurate, rapid and helpful in qualitative identification and purity of the drug.     

Application of PMR Spectrometry in Quantitative Analysis of Tiaprofenic Acid in Some Pharmaceutical Preparations

A simple, accurate and specific proton magnetic resonance (PMR) procedure was developed for the assay of tiaprofenic acid and its tablets. The method involves comparing the integral of the nice doublet signal of tiaprofenic acid (positioned at 1.60 δ) to that of the sharp singlet signal (positioned at 2. 1 δ) of acetanilide which is used as internal standard. The method reported in this study gives accurate and reproducible results; 100. 16 ± 0. 23% for authentic tiaprofenic acid and 100.00 ± 1. 05% for tiaprofenic acid tablets (Surgam^R). In addition, the PMR spectrum obtained helps in confirming the identify and purity of the drug.     

Uses of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Pharmaceutical Analysis

Abstract

Near-infrared (near-IR, NIR) spectroscopy has been a regularly used technique in agriculture and textile manufacturing for some years [1–61. However, the pharmaceutical industry has been slow to accept near-JR as an everyday analytical process. One reason may be its lack of primary absorption bands. All NIR absorbances are overtones of bands originating in the midrange infrared spectrum (4000–17000 nm). In addition, most of the near-JR spectrum of organic compounds (800–3500 nm) is attributable to combinations of the aforementioned over-tones. These “shortcomings” are more than compensated for by the attributes of near-IR instrumentation. Several excellent reviews have recently been published on the theory and instrumentation involved in near-IR reflectance analysis (NIRA) [7–10].     

PMR Spectrometric Analysis of Stilbestrol and Some of Its Pharmaceutical Preparations

A novel method is developed using PMR technique for quantitative determination of stilbestrol and some of its pharmaceutical preparations. The method developed is accurate, rapid, and precise. It involves comparing the integral of the nice triplet system of stilbestrol spectrum (positioned at 0.73 δ) to that of the sharp singlet signal (positioned at 6.25 δ) of maleic acid which is used as internal standard.     

PMR Assay of Essential Oils: II. Assay of Methylsalicylate in Wintergreen Oil

An NMR procedure is described for the quantitative determination of methylsalicylate as a drug entity and in wintergreen oil. For standard mixtures containing the pure drug a mean result of 99.9 ± 0.75% w/w was obtained. Analysis of a wintergreen oil sample for its contents of methyl-salicylate gave a mean result of 99.2 ± 0.17% w/w. The results are compared with those obtained using the official procedure.     

PMR Assay of Natural Products in Pharmaceuticals. IV Assay of Codeine and Simultaneous Detection of Morphine

A rapid, accurate and precise PMR method is presented for the quantitative determination of codeine and codeine phosphate as bulk drugs and in tablet dosage form. The determination is based on the integration of the C-3 methylprotons or the two aromatic protons of codeine or its salt relative to that of the nine protons of t-butanol. Standard deviations of ± 1.39, 0.27 and 0.65% were obtained for codeine, codeine phosphate bulk drug and codeine phosphate tablets respectively. The method furnishes a specific means of identification of codeine as well as of the simultaneous detection and possible determination of morphine; thus fulfilling one of the most important pharmacopeial requirements for the purity of codeine.     

PMR Assay of Essential Oils: V. Assay of Benzyl Benzoate and Benzyl Cinnamate in Balsams

An accurate, simple and precise PMR procedure has been developed for the quantitation of benzyl benzoate (I) and benzyl cinnamate (II) as pure drugs and in Peru and Tolu balsams. The average recovery of pure I and II in standard mixtures using ethyl benzoate (III) as the internal standard was 100.2± 0.38% w/w and 100.0± 0.34 34% w/w respectively. The results of the assay using standard synthetic mixtures containing both I and II proved to be reproducible and gave a mean of 100.0 ± 0.54 w/w for I and 100.0 ± 0.62 w/w for II. Applying the same method for the determination of I and II in balsams, an average vlaue of 44.7% w/w was obtained for I and 4.4% w/w for II in Peru balsam. The corresponding average values for Tolu balsam were 11.6 w/w and 14.3% w/w. Moreover the method provides means for the ratio determination of I and II and the identification of the balsams.     

PMR Spectrometric Analysis of Nikethamide

Abstract

An NMR procedure is described for the quantitation of nikethamide in bulk drug and injectable dosage formulation. The determination is based on the integration of the 4- and 5- Pyridine protons of the nikethamide relative to that of the methylene protons of succinimide (internal standard). The method is simple, rapid and accurate with a standard deviation of +?0.48% and +?1.39 % in the pure drug and injections, respectively.     

Application of Proton Magnetic Resonance (PMR) Spectroscopy and Spectrophotometry in Analysis of the Analgesic Anti-Inflammatory Compound; 4-(Anisylideneamino) Antipyrine

The quantitative determination of the analgesic anti-inflammatory compound, 4- (anisylideneamino) antipyrine, in authentic samples, I, and capsules, II, was achieved by an accurate and reproducible analytical procedure using the PMR spectroscopy. A sensitive colorimetric method was also developed based on the azo formation using barbituric acid. The azo derivative was synthesized and identified. Experimental conditions were carefully studied. The PMR proposed method has proved to be advantageous being rapid and of a simpler manipulating technique; it helps identify the active ingredient and check its purity.     

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications in the Analysis of Tablets and Solid Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Introduction

The popularity of near-infrared (near-IR) spectroscopy is rapidly increasing for many reasons. Availability of inexpensive yet powerful computers and chemometric software for spectral data analysis is fostering the growth of new applications of the technique. The development of rapid-scanning spectrometers offering very high signal-to-noise ratios, an increased understanding and acceptance of the method in a variety of industries, and the need to maintain real-time process control in an era of total quality management are other reasons this method has begun to receive such attention. Near-IR spectroscopy has been used for a wide range of analyses in industries as diverse as biomedicine and petrochemicals. Although the pharmaceutical industry has been relatively slow to embrace this technique, a variety of pharmaceutical applications of near-IR have been identified and investigated. This review will discuss the development of near-IR spectroscopy for the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms, specifically solid dosage from matrices, capsules, and tablets. The chemometric techniques used extensively in these analyses will also be discussed briefly.     

Application of PMR Spectrometry In The Analysis of Diethylstilbestrol and its Tablets

A new, simple and rapid quantitative proton magnetic resonance method has been developed for determination of Diethylstilbestrol and its tablets. Among other peaks the PMR spectrum of stilbestrol has a well defined triplet (0.73ppm) and quartet (near 7 ppm), which are chosen for quantitative measurements. The principle of the method involves comparing the integral of these signals to that of a sharp singlet of maleic acid (6.3 ppm) which is used as internal standard. The proposed procedure gives accurate and reproducible results when applied for the analysis of both authentic drug and its tablets. In addition, the PMR spectrum obtained helps in confirming the identity and purity of the drug.     

Spectrofluorimetric Assay of Temafloxacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations and in Serum

A simple and rapid assay is described for the determination of temafloxacin, 1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl) 1,4- dihydro-4-oxoquinolin-3-carboxylic acid hydrochloride, in pharmaceutical formulations and in serum, based on the fluorescence emission of the drug. The assay of pharmaceuticals involves the measurement of fluorescence at 460 nm of the sample diluted in 0.1 H₂SO₄ with an excitation wavelenght of 276 nm and the assay of serum involves the use of the synchronous spectrofluorimetric method. An appropriate selection of the difference between the wavelengts of both monochromators (ΔΛ) allowed the direct and rapid determination of temafloxacin in serum samples without previous extraction. The procedure, which has been shown to be accurate, precise and sensitive requires only 0.25–0.4 ml of serum depending on the drug concentration.     

Application of Infrared Photoacoustic Spectroscopy in Soil Analysis

Abstract

Soil analysis has become routine work for soil management and crop production. However, laboratory analysis–based determination of soil properties is expensive and time consuming, which is not suitable for precision agriculture. Infrared spectroscopy (IR) appears as an alternative and fast technique to measure soil properties and has had wide application; in particular, a new method called infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy (FTIR-PAS) has been applied in soil analysis. The soil infrared photoacoustic spectrum is more convenient to record; the spectra contain more useful information versus conventional reflectance spectroscopy, and it appears promising for identification of soil types and measure soil properties. The step-scan function of FTIR-PAS makes it possible to explore the soil microstructure in situ; furthermore, more sensible photoacoustic cells (PA), such as a quartz-enhanced PA cell, will make FTIR-PAS a strong tool for the study of soil science. The application of infrared photoacoutic spectroscopy in soil analysis is largely dependent on spectra pretreatment and chemometrics methods due to strong interferences, and more mathematical tools models will benefit or optimize the prediction performance. To make full use of soil infrared spectra, soil spectra library construction is required in the future, which will play an important role in the application of soil analysis.     

Chemoffice 2005软件在波谱分析教学中的应用

在波谱学教学过程中应用Chemoffice 2005画图软件中的模拟NMR图谱和立体模型功能,讲解各种化学结构与核磁共振图谱的关系,使学生在大量实践的基础上更快地具有解析核磁图谱的能力.     

拉曼光谱在文物分析中的应用

拉曼光谱技术是一种分析技术,由于它能够获得物质的分子信息而被应用于文物的分析中。特别是拉曼光谱作为无损的分析方法,应用于文物的原位分析。论述了拉曼光谱原理及近几年拉曼光谱在颜料、陶瓷、古玉、青铜器等文物分析中的应用。     

人工神经网络-近红外光谱法用于粉末药品扑热息痛的非破坏定量分析

研究了应用人工神经网络进行粉末药品的非破坏定量分析,使用扑热息痛粉末药品的近红外漫反射光谱数据建立人工神经网络模型,预测未知样品,讨论了影响网络的各参数,采用逼近度作为网络新的评价标准,由于人工神经网络好的非线性的多变量校正特点,预测结果是准确的。