有机分子激发态非线性吸收的瞬态特性研究

提出了一种通过测量单脉冲光的输入与输出波形来研究激发态非线性吸收的新方法，用这种方法研究了纳秒脉作用下类卟啉镉溶液与甲基橙溶液的三重激发态的非线性吸收特性，前者为反饱和吸收现象，后者是由饱和吸收转化为反饱和吸收的新现象，实验结果验证了理论模拟和正确性。     

微波波谱法研究分子间相互作用

微波波谱是一种微波频段的波谱学方法,近年来在研究分子系统结构及分子间弱相互作用上发展迅速,是一种高分辨率和高灵敏度的分析工具. 本文介绍了它的原理及应用,尤其是对脉冲喷射傅里叶变换微波谱仪研究范德华力配合物、氢键配合物、弱氢键配合物、卤键配合物等弱相互作用体系的微波转动谱也作了简要的综述.      

Donor-Acceptor Conjugated Linear Polyenes: A Study of Excited State Intramolecular Charge Transfer,Photoisomerization and Fluorescence Probe Properties

Numerous studies of donor-acceptor conjugated linear polyenes have been carried out with the goal to understand the exact nature of the excited state electronic structure and dynamics. In this article we discuss our endeavours with regard to the excited state intramolecular charge transfer, photoisomerization and fluorescence probe properties of various donor-acceptor substituted compounds of diphenylpolyene [Ar(CH = CH) _n Ar] series and ethenylindoles.     

Archaeological Ceramics Studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy

The use of scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis in studies of archaeological pottery is discussed. The methods are described and results of their application to studies of Precolumbian glossy black pottery from northern Peru are reported in some detail.     

Electron Capture Process in Collisions of Proton with Excited State of Helium

Total and star,selective cross sections for single electron capture （SEC） from the n = 2 excited state of helium colliding by protons are calculated in the energy range of 1.0-100.0 ke V/u by using the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method. The interaction of the active electron with helium ion is represented by a model potential. Total SEC cross sections show a monotonic decreasing trend with increasing collision energy, and display a different behavior compared with the case from the ground state of helium. It is also found that the dominant reaction channel is captured to the H（2p） state up to 40 keV//u, and then the capture to the H（1s） or H（2s） state becomes more pronounced. Moreover, the alignment dependence on the initial states is obtained for the electron capture from He（2p0） and He （2p1）.     

远红外自由电子激光太赫兹光源研究

基于射频电子直线加速器的可调谐相干太赫兹(THZ)光源实现了出光，该光源为远红外自由电子激光，具有辐射波长可设计并可以实现大范围调谐特性．利用光栅谱仪测量了受激辐射谱，中心波长为115μm，谱宽约为1％．     

Terahertz Radiation from Graphite Excited by Femtosecond Laser Pulses

We experimentally investigate the terahertz （THz） generation from a graphite surface induced by femtosecond laser pulses, and systematically study the dependence on the excitation power, the crystal orientation of graphite, polarization state and incident angle of optical beam. New evidence related to excitation and detection geometry is found and presented, which supports the THz generation mechanism of transient photocarrier transporting along the basal plane normal. Our observation also suggests other probable contributions by in-plane charge oscillations. The results may be helpful to explore and understand the photoelectric properties of graphite and other allotropes of carbon.     

Fluorescence of Certain Organic Dyes Excited by Helium-Neon Laser

Fluorescence from several organic dyes (methyl violet, neutral red, thymol blue, cresol red, methyl orange, and orcein) has been observed upon irradiation with the red line from a continuous wave helium-neon laser. The process appears to involve two-photon absorption as the excitation step.     

Excited Two-Mode Generalized Squeezed Vacuum State as a Squeezed Two-Variable Hermite Polynomial Excitation State

A new class of excited two-mode generalized squeezed vacuum states denoted by |r,s,m,n〉 are presented, which are obtained by repeatedly applying creation operators a ^† and b ^† on the two-mode generalized squeezed vacuum state. We find that it is just regarded as a generalized squeezed two-variable Hermite polynomial excitation on the vacuum state and its normalization constant is just a Jacobi polynomial. Their statistical properties are investigated such as squeezing properties, photon number distribution and the violations of Cauchy-Schwartz inequality. Especially, the Wigner function for |r,s,m,n〉 depending on the excitation photon numbers is discussed graphically.     

Electron Impact Ionization Cross Section for Excited State of Ne like Ions in Detailed Configuration

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The Fate of Ions as Studied by Photoion-Photoelectron Coincidence

Photoion-photoelectron coincidence (PIPECO) is a technique for selecting the internal energy of ions and studying their subsequent reactions. Some of the results and their implication obtained from the study of unimolecular decay rates are discussed.     

Optically Forbidden Excitations of 2s Electron of Neon Studied by Fast Electron Impact

The electron energy loss spectrum in the energy region of 42-48.5 eV of neon is measured with an angle-resolved fast-electron energy-loss spectrometer at an incident electron energy of 2500eV. Besides the dipole-allowed autoionization transitions of 2s^-1ap （n -= 3, 4） and 2p^-23s3p, the dipole-forbidden ones of 2s^-1ns （n = 3 - 6） and 2s^-13d are observed. The line profile parameters, i.e. Er, F and q for these transitions, are determined, and the momentum transfer dependence behaviour is discussed.     

Inner Shell Excitations of Lithium Studied by Fast Electron Impact

Electron energy loss spectra for the inner shell excitations of atomic lithium are measured at an incident electron energy of 2500eV and scattering angles of 0^o, 2^o, 4^o and 6^o. Two optically forbidden transitions of （ls2s^2）^2S and （ ls2s ^3 S）3s^2 S are observed. The generalized oscillator strength ratios for ls（2s2p^3 P）2 P^0 to 1s（ 2s2p^1 P）2 P^0 were determined, and they are independent of the momentum transfer.     

Selective Photochemical Reaction of Ortho-Iodihe Molecules Excited by Laser Radiation

Results of an experimental study the reaction between electron-excited I₂-molecules and an olefine (2-hexene) are given. It is shown that the reaction proceed with excited I₂-molecules directly and it is highly selective. Selectivity of the reaction hes been studied primarily on the basis of binding of ortho-I₂ molecules. Laser separation of ortho-I₂ and para-I₂ molecules has been accomplished in the paper.     

Polarized Fluorescence in Tryptophan Excited by Two-Photon Femtosecond Laser Pulses

The shape of an optical self-similar pulse that propagates in a medium of finite length with noninstantaneous nonlinear absorption is found analytically. The pulse has an asymmetric shape and, in addition, frequency modulation, which confirms that it belongs to a new type of self-similar propagation modes of laser radiation—chirped pulses with a self-similar shape. The existence of pulses of this kind is also confirmed by results of computer simulation.     

Characterization of Coupled Ground State and Excited State Equilibria by Fluorescence Spectral Deconvolution

Fluorescence probes with multiparametric response based on the relative variation in the intensities of several emission bands are of great general utility. An accurate interpretation of the system requires the determination of the number, positions and intensities of the spectral components. We have developed a new algorithm for spectral deconvolution that is applicable to fluorescence probes exhibiting a two-state ground-state equilibrium and a two-state excited-state reaction. Three distinct fluorescence emission bands are resolved, with a distribution of intensities that is excitation-wavelength-dependent. The deconvolution of the spectrum into individual components is based on their representation as asymmetric Siano-Metzler log-normal functions. The application of the algorithm to the solvation response of a 3-hydroxychromone (3HC) derivative that exhibits an H-bonding-dependent excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction allowed the separation of the spectral signatures characteristic of polarity and hydrogen bonding. This example demonstrates the ability of the method to characterize two potentially uncorrelated parameters characterizing dye environment and interactions.     

Photon and Ion-Beam Induced Processes in Materials Studied by Hyperfine Interactions

Laser nitriding and laser cementation are investigated by Mössbauer spectroscopy and complementary methods. It is demonstrated how the backscattering versions of Conversion Electron and Conversion X-ray Mössbauer spectroscopy can contribute to the investigation of surface processes, like the laser-induced formation of nitrides and carbides. Additionally, the formation of semiconducting iron disilicide can be achieved by ion-beam mixing and pulsed laser irradiation of Fe/Si bilayers. The results of both processes are compared.

     

原子受激态的Stokes参数分析

根据密度矩阵理论,导出了受激原子态P态密度矩阵元和P态退激辐射的光子密度矩阵元的Stokes参数,它们之间存在一种非常简单直接的关系,说明在电子-光子符合散射实验中,通过测量光子的Stokes参数,就可以描述受激P态电荷云分布和散射过程的动力学。According to the density matrix theory, the density matrix of photon emitted from excited atom P state and of P state were introdued in this paper. There were a simple direct relation between the two density matrices, which shows that the electron cloud shape of excited atomic state and scattering dynamics can be described through the observable Stokes parameters of photon in electron-photon coincidence experiment.