四羧基镍酞菁共振散射法测定蛋白质

建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法．在pH3．6的Britton-Robinson（B-R）缓冲溶液中,蛋白质与四羧基镍酞菁NiPc（COOH）4发生相互作用,使体系在λ=388nm处的共振散射（RLS）增强,并且增强的散射强度（IRLS）与蛋白质的含量成比例,据此利用四羧基镍酞菁NiPc（COOH）4为光谱探针共振散射法测定人血清中的总蛋白质,同时优化了体系光散射检测的实验参数．在最佳的实验条件下,对牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、人血清白蛋白（HSA）、人血清总蛋白（TP）的线性范围分别为0．00～1．20mg／L、0．00～1．00mg／L、0．00～1．00mg／L,相应检测限分别为5．97×10^-4mg／L、2．90×10^-4mg／L、4．76×10^-4mg／L．将该方法应用于实际人血清样品中总蛋白的测定,结果与考马斯亮蓝法比较,令人满意．     

某些同多酸根与蛋白质相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱研究

在酸性介质中,钼酸根、钨酸根和偏钒酸根等同多酸根与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和人血清白蛋白（HSA）等蛋白质反应形成结合产物时,会导致溶液的共振瑞利散射（RRS）急剧增强,最大散射峰均位于470nm。反应的适宜酸度分别为pH0．9～1．3（钼酸根．BSA体系）,pH1．1—1．4（钨酸根-BSA体系）和pH0．6—0．9（偏钒酸根-BSA体系）。在一定的浓度范围内,不同的反应体系RRS强度与蛋白质浓度成正比,均可用于蛋白质的测定。反应具有很高的灵敏度,不同的同多酸对BSA的检出限（30σ／s）介于4．1—30．5μg/L之间,其中钼酸根体系的灵敏度最高。考察了共存物质的影响并研究了方法的分析应用。     

四磺基锰酞菁-蛋白质体系的共振瑞利散射行为及其分析应用

在pH3．6的Clark-Lub’s缓冲溶液中，四磺基锰酞菁(MnTSPc)和蛋白质的共振瑞利散射(RRS)均十分微弱。当两者形成复合物时能使RRS信号急剧增强，在330-370nm范围内呈现较高的散射强度，其最大散射波长为344nm。各种蛋白质，包括牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、人血清白蛋白(HSA)、γ-球蛋白(γ-IgG)及卵蛋白(ORB)的线性范围分别为0．1—3．0,0．0—1．6,0．05—2．0及0．0—1．0mg／L；相应的检出限分别为5．7,8．3、13和13μg/L。用此法对人血清样品进行了测定，结果满意。     

铬(Ⅵ)与蛋白质相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在酸性介质中，重铬酸钾和某些白蛋白的共振瑞利散射(RRS)均十分微弱，但当两者相互作用形成结合产物时，将导致共振瑞利散射显著增强并出现新的RRS光谱。本研究考察了反应体系的RRS光谱特征、适宜的反应条件、影响因素及分析化学性质。不同蛋白质分别在0．2～50mg／L(HSA)，0．5～60ms／L(OVA)和2．0～80ms／L(BSA)的浓度范围内与散射强度(Ⅳ)成正比。铬(Ⅵ)对人血清白蛋白的检出限为54．0μg/L，并且方法有较好的选择性。由此建立了一种用铬(Ⅵ)RRS法测定蛋白质的简便、快速的新方法。     

某些变色酸双偶氮染料-蛋白质体系的共振瑞利散射及其分析应用

在PH3．4－4．0的缓冲溶液中， 偶氮胂M（AAM）、偶氮氯膦Ⅲ（CPAⅢ）和氯磺酚S（CSPS）等变色酸双偶氮染料及蛋白质本身的共振瑞利散射（RRS）均十分微弱，但这些染料与蛋白质结合形成复合物时能使RRS急剧增强，在400－470nm的范围内呈现高的散射强度，其最大散射波大均位于470nm处，并且散射强度分别在0．36mg/L（CPAⅢ体系）、0－3．8mg/L(AAM体系）和0－4．8mg/L(CSPS体系）的范围内与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的浓度成正比，方法具有高灵敏度，对于BSA的检出限（σ=3时）分别为18．5μg/L（CPAⅢ）、13．6μg/L（CSPS）和27．9μg/L（AAM）。考察了共存物质的影响，表明方法具有较好的选择性，此法可用于人血清中蛋白质的测定。     

用共振光散射技术研究蛋白质与丽春红2R的相互作用

在pH3．50的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中，丽春红2R与蛋白质发生结合反应，使最大波长为352．5nm的共振散射光谱得到加强。据此建立了利用丽春红2R作探针，用共振散射光谱技术测定蛋白质的新方法。散射光强度与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、人血清白蛋白(HAS)和免疫球蛋白(IgG)的浓度在0．25～17．5μg／mL范围内成正比。方法的稳定性好，快速、简便，绝大多数氨基酸、金属离子均不产生干扰，用于人血清样品中蛋白质的测定，获得了满意的结果，加标回收率为93．4％～100．1％。     

丽春红G 用于人血清样品中总蛋白的共振光散射测定

在酸性介质中 ,丽春红G (PonceauG ,PG)与牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)、人血清白蛋白 (HSA)、溶菌酶 (Lys)及γ 球蛋白 (γ IgG)等蛋白质作用产生共振光散射 (RLS)增强信号 ,最大散射峰位于 2 88nm处。在最佳酸度和离子强度下 ,增强RLS强度在 2 88nm处与蛋白质的浓度呈线性关系 ,用于测定BSA、HSA、Lys、γ IgG的检出限均在 2 5 μg L以下。本方法成功地应用于合成样和人血清样品的测定 ,测量结果与考马斯亮蓝法一致     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠共振瑞利散射法测定蛋白质

在酸性条件下，十二烷基苯磺酸钠与牛血清白蛋白形成离子缔合物，使共振瑞利散射（RRS）急剧增强。研究了相应的光谱特征，影响了因素和适宜的反应条件。在此条件下，不同蛋白质在一定浓度范围内与散射强度呈线性关系。方法的检出限在17.8ng/mL至135.4ng/mL之间，可用于多种蛋白质的测定。本法已用于合成样品以及人血清样品中蛋白质量的测定。     

木质素桃红与蛋白质作用的共振光散射研究

研究了木质素桃红与蛋白质结合的共振光散射光谱. 实验结果表明, 在pH 2.56的酸性介质中, 木质素桃红与蛋白质发生静电作用产生以282.0、 346.0、 420.0 nm以及570.0 nm为特征峰的共振光散射（RLS）增强光谱. 在570.0 nm波长光激发下, 蛋白质的质量浓度与增强共振光散射强度ΔIRLS呈线性关系, 对BSA和HSA的检出限分别为39.0和22.3 ng/mL. 方法已用于尿样中总蛋白质分析.     

阴离子表面活性剂与蛋白质的共振瑞利散射及分析应用

在酸性条件下，蛋白质与阴离子表面活性剂结合形成离子缔合物，使共振瑞利散射(RRs)急剧增强。以十二烷基硫酸钠与牛血清白蛋白反应体系为例，研究了相应的光谱特征，影响因素和适宜的反应条件。在此条件下，不同蛋白质在0-5mg／L或0—l0mg／L范围内与散射强度呈直线关系。方法灵敏度较高，其检出限在17-180μg/L之间，线性范围宽，选择性和重现性较好，可用于多种蛋白质的测定。本法用于合成样品以及人血清样品中蛋白质量的测定，结果满意。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra for studying the interaction of aminoglycoside antibiotics with pontamine sky blue and their analytical applications

In a weakly acid medium, some aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as kanamycin (KANA), gentamicin (GEN), tobramycin (TOB), and neomycin (NEO), or acid bisazo dye pontamine sky blue (PSB) can only produce very weak resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signals. However, when the two agents react with each other to form the ion association complexes, the RRS intensity can be enhanced greatly and a new RRS spectrum and a significant enhancement of the RRS intensity in the wavelength range 350-600 nm can be observed. The maximum scattering peak is at 580 nm. There is a linear relationship between the RRS intensity and the antibiotic concentration in the range 0.01-6.0 microg mL(-1) at 580 nm. This RRS method has therefore been developed for the determination of trace levels of aminoglycoside antibiotics. The detection limits (3 sigma) of the four antibiotics, whose order of sensitivity is KANA>NEO>TOB>GEN, are 5.8-6.9 ng mL(-1). This method has a good selectivity and has been successfully applied to the quick determination of antibiotics not only for injections and ear drops, but clinic serum samples as well. In addition, quantum chemistry-based analysis of the reaction mechanism, the factors influencing the RRS spectra, and the reasons for the enhancement of RRS are discussed.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering measurement of aminoglycoside antibiotics with Evans Blue.

In a weak acid medium, some aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as kanamycin (KANA), gentamicin (GEN), tobramycin (TOB) and neomycin (NEO), or acid bisazo dye Evans Blue (EB) can only produce very weak resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) signals. However, when two agents react with each other to form ion-association complexes, the RRS intensity can be greatly enhanced and a new RRS spectrum with a significant enhancement of the RRS intensity in the wavelength range from 350 nm to 600 nm can be observed. The maximum scattering peak is at 570 nm. There is a linear relationship between the RRS intensity and the antibiotic concentration in the range of 0.01-6.0 microg mL(-1) at 570 nm. This RRS method for the determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics at trace-amount levels has been developed. The detection limits (3sigma) of the four antibiotics, whose order of sensitivity from high to low ranks as KANA > NEO > TOB > GEN, are 5.2-6.9 ng mL(-1). This method has good selectivity and has been successfully applied to the quick determination of antibiotics not only for injections and ear drops, but for clinic serum samples as well. In addition, the reaction mechanism by using a quantum chemistry method and the influencing factors of the RRS spectra and the enhancement reasons of RRS have been discussed.     

吐温-20敏化甲基蓝-蛋白质散射光谱研究与应用

在非离子表面活性剂吐温-20存在下,甲基蓝与蛋白质作用形成离子缔合物,使共振瑞利散射(RRS)急剧增强.研究了相应的光谱特征、影响因素和适宜的反应条件.在pH=4.0和离子强度0.5 mmol\5L-1的条件下, 甲基蓝与蛋白质作用在347 nm波长处产生特征RRS,吐温-20进一步敏化该RRS.不同蛋白质在一定浓度范围内与吐温-20敏化的散射强度呈线性关系,检出限在12.3～30.1 μg\5L-1范围内.方法用于合成样品以及实际生物样品中蛋白质含量的测定, 结果满意.     

曲利本红与氨基糖苷类抗生素相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在弱酸条件下，酸性双偶氮染料曲利本红（TR）或硫酸卡那霉（KANA）、硫酸 新霉素（NEO）、硫酸庆大霉素（GEN）和硫酸妥布霉素（TOB）等氨基糖苷类抗生 素的各自共振瑞利散射（RRS）十分微弱，但两者相互作用形成离子缔合物时能使 RRS急剧提高并产生新的RRS光谱，在400～535nm之间有一个强的散射带，最大散射 峰位于400nm处，在0.013～6.0μg·mL~(-1)范围内RRS强度与抗生素浓度成正比， 可用于氨基糖苷类抗生素的测定，对不同抗生素的检出限（3σ）在12.9～17.6ng ·mL~(-1)之间，其灵敏度的顺序是KANA＞NEO＞TOB＞GEN,方法有较好的选择性， 可用于市售抗生素注射液或滴耳液中药物含量和临床血药浓度的快速测定，中还用 量子化学方法对反应机理进行探讨，并讨论了的RRS光谱特性的影响因素和RRS增强 的原因。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering method for the determination of polyvinylpyrrolidone using eosin Y as the probe

The intensities of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and of eosin Y (EY) are weak in solutions of pH 2.9 to 3.4. If reacted with each other, the intensities of RRS are largely enhanced and new RRS bands appear at 276 nm and 320 nm. The intensity at 276 nm is linearly related to the concentration of PVP in the range from 0.10 to 1.6 μg mL^-1. The correlation coefficient is 0.9987, and the detection limit is 28.7 ng mL^-1. The binding mode between PVP and EY was studied by RRS, and by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The optimum reaction conditions and some potential interferences were investigated. The method displays good selectivity and was applied to the determination of PVP in beer.     

甲基紫硫酸软骨素共振瑞利散射光谱及其应用

在Britton-Robinson缓冲介质(pH9.37)中硫酸软骨素与甲基紫反应形成离子缔合物时,共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度会明显增强,其最大RRS峰位于505和661 nm处。本文对反应的最佳条件、影响因素、硫酸软骨素浓度与RRS强度的关系进行了研究,建立起一种快速、简便、灵敏的测定硫酸软骨素的方法。本法在661和505 nm测定波长处的线性范围均为:0.15~0.90 mg/L,其检出限分别为0.019 mg/L(505 nm)和0.043mg/L(661 nm)。该法应用于针剂中硫酸软骨素的测定,结果满意。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectrum for the chelate of lanthanum(Ⅲ) with sodium tanshinon ⅡA silate and its analytical application

In a pH 3.6-5.0 Hac-NaAc buffer solution, when sodium tanshinon ⅡA silate (STSⅡA) reacts with La(Ⅲ) to form a chelate, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity can be enhanced greatly and a new RRS spectrum will appear. The maximum RRS peak is located at 306 nm and the RRS intensity is proportional to the concentration of STSⅡA in a certain range. The method is very sensitive and the detection limit for STSⅡA (3σ/K) is 82.12 ng·mL-1. The optimum reaction conditions and the effect of coexisting substances have been investigated. A new, simple and fast method for the determination of STSⅡA based on RRS method is developed. It can be applied to the determination of STSⅡA in the synthesis samples and Nuoxinkang injection. Combined with infrared absorption and NMR spectra, the structure of the chelate and the reasons of RRS enhancement are also discussed.     

Interaction of [HgX4]2- with berberine by absorption and resonance Rayleigh-scattering spectra and their analytical applications.

In a diluted H2SO4 solution, Hg(II) reacts with halide anions X- (including Cl-, Br- and I-) to form anionic complexes [HgX4]2- that can further react with berberine to form ion-association complexes of [Ber]2[HgX4]. As a result, the absorption spectra change, their maximum absorption wavelengths are at 230 nm for [Ber]2[HgCl4], 278 nm for [Ber]2[HgBr4] and 300 nm for [Ber]2[HgI4]. However, among the three complexes, only [Ber]2[HgI4] can lead to distinctly enhanced resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), and a new RRS spectrum appears. The maximum RRS wavelength is located at 397 nm, and the RRS intensity is proportional to the concentration of berberine in the range of 0-2.5 microg mL-1. The optimum conditions, the influence factors for the reaction and the effects of coexisting substances have been investigated. A new, simple and fast RRS method for the determination of berberine based on the ion-association reaction of [HgI4]2- with Ber+ was developed. The method has high sensitivity and good selectivity; the detection limit for berberine (3 sigma/K) is 7.22 ng mL-1. The method can be applied to the determination of berberine in some Chinese patent drug and the extracts of Coptis Chinensis. Furthermore, the mechanism of the reaction and the reasons for RRS enhancement have been discussed.     

金纳米微粒作探针共振瑞利散射光谱法测定盐酸异丙嗪

在pH 1.8～3.0的酸性介质中,质子化的盐酸异丙嗪(PMZ)可与带负电荷的金纳米微粒依靠静电和疏水作用相互结合,导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度显著增强,其最大散射峰位于368 nm,并在284,440,498 nm处有明显的散射峰,在选定的测量波长下,盐酸异丙嗪在0.04～0.10μg/mL的浓度范围内与RRS强度成正比,该法具有高的灵敏度,其检出限为1.34 ng/mL。考察了体系的RRS光谱特征,研究了适宜的反应条件、影响因素,研究了共存物质的影响,据此建立了金纳米微粒作探针RRS法测定盐酸异丙嗪的新方法。     

某些蒽环类抗癌药物与刚果红相互作用的吸收、荧光和共振瑞利散射光谱研究

在pH 2.5左右的酸性介质中, 刚果红与表柔比星、柔红霉素和米托蒽醌等蒽环类抗生素反应形成离子缔合物时, 仅能引起吸收光谱和荧光光谱的微小变化, 但却能导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)的显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱, 与此同时也观察到二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)的增强. 最大RRS峰位于370 nm附近, 并在280 nm附近有另一散射峰. 而它们的SOS峰均在530 nm附近, 最大FDS峰均位于353 nm处. 其中RRS法灵敏度最高, 它对表柔比星、柔红霉素和米托蒽醌的检出限分别为0.054, 0.058和0.033 μg/mL, 而其线性范围分别为0.05～12.0, 0.05～12.0和0.04～7.5 μg/mL. 文中研究了反应产物的吸收、荧光和RRS光谱特征, 适宜的反应条件及分析化学性质, 据此发展了一种用RRS技术灵敏、简便、快速测定蒽环类抗癌药物的新方法.