Nd—Fe—C（或 BC）三元化合物的晶体结构与磁性

本文中研究了从Nd_(14)Fe_(78)B_8过渡到Nd_(14)Fe_(78)C_8时化合物的晶体结构与内禀磁性。指出轻稀土-Fe-C化合物形成P42/mnm型四方结构的结晶学条件在于适当的热处理温度。在Nd_(14)Fe_(78)B_(8-x)C_x系列中,随着C含量的增加,居里温度略有减少,饱和磁化强度σ_3出现一个平缓的峰值变化,室温下的剩磁σ_r、内禀矫顽力_iH_c和磁晶各向异性场H_a都明显增大。含碳样品的各向异性行为与Nd-Fe-B相似,室温下易磁化方向沿e轴,低温下易轴各向异性转变成易锥型。自旋再取向温度随C的增加逐渐降低,但1.5K下的锥角有轻微的增大,这表明在Nd和Fe次晶格的各向异性之间存在着复杂的耦合。此外,适当富Nd的Nd-Fe-C化合物有强的各向异性。     

(Nd1－xGdx)3Fe27.31Ti1.69化合物的结构和磁性

通过X射线衍射和磁性测量等手段研究了(Nd_1-xGd_x)₃Fe_27.31Ti_1.69(0≤x≤0.6)化合物的结构和磁性.X射线衍射测量结果表明Gd替代后并未改变Nd₃(Fe,Ti)₂₉化合物的晶体结构，但引起了晶胞体积收缩.随着Gd含量的增加，化合物的居里温度T_C和室温磁晶各向异性场B_a单调增加，而自旋重取向 关键词： 1-xGd_x)₃Fe_27.31Ti_1.69化合物')" href="#">(Nd_1-xGd_x)₃Fe_27.31Ti_1.69化合物 磁晶各向异性 自旋重取向 磁相图     

非晶Nd3Fe81B16合金的晶化及其对磁性和M?ssbauer谱的影响

本文报道利用单辊方法制备的非晶Nd₃Fe₈₁B₁₆合金的晶化及其对磁性和M?ssbauer谱的影响。发现在非晶Fe₈₁B₁₉合金中用3at％Nd取代B,使非晶Fe₈₁B₁₉合金的晶化温度提高88℃。在适当的退火条件下晶化后样品在室温下的磁性是:σ_s=189emu/g,σ_r/σ_s=0.7,_iH_c=2.15kOe,B_r≈12kG,_bH_c=2kOe,(BH)_max≈8MGOe。与目前广泛使用的六角铁氧体相比,_bH_c相近,但B_r和(BH)_max远比六角铁氧体高。这种材料仅含有少量的Nd,因此可能开发为一种新的廉价永磁材料。本文对少量Nd的添加对非晶FeB合金的晶化温度,磁性和M?ssbauer谱的影响进行了讨论。初步探讨了高矫顽力的来源,认为它的磁化和反磁化过程可以用畴壁钉扎理论解释。 关键词：     

Nd2(Fe,Si)17合金的结构与磁性

本文对Nd-Fe-Si三元系富铁区域相的结构和磁性进行了研究。结果表明,Nd-Fe-Si三元系富铁区域(Fe>40at％),除出现NdFe₂Si₂三元金属间化合物外(Si>20at％),同时只出现Nd₂(Fe,Si)₁₇赝二元金属间化合物,其中Si取代9d位的Fe原子,而不能形成类似于Nd₂Fe₁₄B的三元金属间化合物,Si取代Nd₂Fe₁₇中的9d位Fe原子后,使晶胞体积缩小;使饱和磁化强度减小;同时使Fe次晶格的铁磁相互作用增强,导致居里温度增高;还使得Fe次晶格的易面各向异性减弱,造成室温下各向异性场减小。 关键词：     

Nd2Fe14B化合物磁晶各向异性起源的理论研究

本文根据Nd₂Fe₁₄B化合物中存有少量巡游电子的基本实验事实,提出了在Nd₂Fe₁₄B中配位子所产生的晶场和巡游电子所产生的电场共同造成了Nd离子磁晶各向异性的理论模型。提出并解决了计算巡游电子同中心Nd离子相互作用的理论方法。在同时考虑Nd离子所受配位子的晶场和巡游电子的电场的作用情况下,用单离子模型计算了Nd₂Fe₁₄B中Nd离子所产生的磁晶各向异性及其随温度的变化。所 关键词：     

Si对Nd2Fe14B四方相结构和磁性的影响

本文对Si加入Nd₂Fe₁₄B四方相后所形成的合金相的结构和磁性进行了研究。结果表明,Si加入Nd₂Fe₁₄B四方相后并不破坏它的结构(Si的含量可达B的两倍),而形成Nd₂(Fe,Si)₁₄B赝三元金属间化合物。随着Si含量的增加,晶格常数和饱和磁化强度随之减小,但居里温度则随之增加。Si的加入,并不改变Nd₂Fe₁₄B的室温各向 关键词：     

Nd-Fe-B/FeCo多层纳米复合膜的结构和磁性

制备了Nd₂₈Fe₆₆B₆/Fe₅₀Co₅₀多层纳米复合磁性薄膜，对溅射态和650℃退火处理15 min试样的相成分分析和微结构的观察显示，溅射态薄膜呈非晶态，经650℃退火处理15 min后，薄膜主要相成分为硬磁性Nd₂Fe₁₄B相和软磁性相FeCo(110)相.Nd₂Fe₁₄B相呈柱状，其易磁化c轴垂直于膜面，尺寸约10 nm.在硬磁性相和软磁性相之间存在少量富Nd相和非晶态，富Nd相大小约7 nm.磁性测量和分析表明，1)该系列薄膜退火态具有垂直于膜面的磁晶各向异性.2)对于固定厚度(10 nm)层Nd-Fe-B和不同厚度(t_FeCo=1—100 nm)层FeCo多层纳米复合膜,剩磁随软磁相FeCo 厚度的增加快速增加，而矫顽力则减小.当t_FeCo=5 nm时，最大磁能积达到200 kJ/m³. 3)硬磁相Nd-Fe-B层和软磁相FeCo层之间交换耦合导致剩磁和磁能积增强. 关键词： Nd-Fe-B/FeCo多层纳米复合膜 交换耦合 磁各向异性     

添加Dy在快淬NdFeB永磁体中的作用

在之前研究Nb元素的添加对快淬(Nd,Dy)_11.5Fe_82.4-mNb_mB_6.1永磁体磁性能、温度特性及显微组织影响的基础上,进一步研究了Dy元素在Nd_11.5-nDy_nFe_81.4Nb₁B_6.1 (n＝0,0.5,1,1.5,2)永磁体中 关键词： NdFeB 磁性能 温度特性 显微组织 X-ray absorption fine structure     

Er3(Fe,Co, M)29化合物(M=Cr,V, Ti,Mn, Ga,Nb)的结构与磁性

合成了Er_３Fe_29-x-yCo_xM_y化合物(M=Cr, V, Ti, Mn, Ga, Nb )并用x射线衍射和磁测量等手段研究了它们的结构和磁性. 发现Fe基Er_３(Fe,M)_２９化合物结晶成哑铃对Fe-Fe无序替代的Th₂Ni₁₇型结构(P6₃/mmc空间群)而不能形成Nd₃(Fe,Ti)_２９型结构，因此其化学式也可以用Er_2－n(Fe,M)_17+2n (n=0.2)表示. 当Er_３Fe₂₉化合物中部分Fe原子被M原子所取代时，其居里温度均有一定程度的提高. 所有Er_３(Fe,M)_２９化合物在室温均为易面型各向异性. 当Er_３(Fe,M)_２９ (M=Cr, V)中的部分Fe原子被Co原子取代且Co原子数与Fe原子数达到一定比值时，得到一个单斜结构的新相. 磁测量表明Er_３Fe_19.5Co₆V_3.5在室温可能为单轴各向异性，在162K出现自旋重取向，其各向异性由易轴型变为易面型. 在5K下于难磁化方向磁化时观察到一个一级磁化过程(FOMP). 关键词： 稀土金属间化合物 晶体结构 磁晶各向异性     

新型金属间化合物Sm(TiFe)12的结构与磁性

SmTiFe_x(x的数值为8—11)可形成稳定的金属间化合物,经测定,晶体结构属于ThMn₁₂型四方结构,空间群为14/mmm,本文着重分析了Sm(TiFe)₁₂和Gd(TiFe)₁₂的结构和磁性。Sm(TiFe)₁₂具有很强的单轴磁晶各向异性,易磁化方向为c轴,居里温度610K。通过对Gd(TiFe)₁₂磁性的研究,进一步分析了在Sm(TiFe)₁₂中Sm和Fe次晶格的各向异性,实验结果表明,Sm和Fe次晶格都具有单轴磁晶各向异性,易磁化方向皆沿c轴。这是继Nd₂Fe₁₄B型永磁体以后发现的又一种具有单轴磁晶各向异性的三元稀土-铁金属间化合物。 关键词：     

Resistivity anisotropy and charge density wave in 2H - NbSe2 and 2H - TaSe2

The in-plane and out-of-plane resistivities of both 2H-TaSe₂ and 2H-NbSe₂ were determined down to 10 K. For both compounds, the resistivity anisotropy shows notably a slope change at temperatures where a CDW transition is expected to occur. On the other hand, for both compounds the resistivity anisotropy at the lowest temperature of measurement is much greater than expected by the Lawrence–Doniach model, which relates the critical magnetic field anisotropy to the normal state resistivity anisotropy for 3D-anisotropic superconductors.     

LaxZnxBa1-xFe12-xO19铁氧体高温相组成

La_xZn_xBa_1-xFe_12-xO₁₉在高温相区将存在X相和W相,x=0时其居里温度分别为518℃和534℃,x<0.6范围内La,Zn可以在W相中固溶,随x的增加,产生W相的相变温度下降,居里温度θ_f和各向异性场H_A降低,而饱和比磁化强度σ_s增加,各向异性常数基本不变。 关键词：     

Pressure effect on magnetization for (CoTm)90Zr10 (Tm = Cr,Mo) amorphous alloys

Temperature dependences of the forced volume magnetostriction dω/dH and the saturation magnetization σ_s for (CoTm)₉₀Zr₁₀ (Tm = Cr, Mo) amorphous alloys have recently been measured by the 3-terminal capacitance method and a vibrating sample magnetometer and magnetic balance at temperatures from 77 K to the Curie temperature T_c or the crystallization temperature. The pressure coefficient of σ_s0 at 0 K, d ln σ_s0/dp, is estimated from (dω/dH)₀ extrapolated to 0 K using the thermodynamical relation. The values of d ln σ_s0/dp increase in negative value with increasing Tm concentration. The relation between d ln σ_s0/dp and the pressure coefficient of T_c, d ln T_c/dp, estimated indirectly from dω/dH is discussed.     

Magnetic properties of metastable Gd-Cr alloys

We report on the magnetization, magnetocaloric effect, magnetic ordering temperatures, saturation magnetic moments and anisotropy of sputter-deposited Gd_xCr_1−x alloys with Gd atomic concentrations, x, ranging from 0.13 to 0.52. The complex magnetic nature of the Gd-Cr films was revealed from the M×H isotherms, which do not show saturation even at an applied field of 70 kOe and a temperature of 2 K and do not exhibit a linear behavior at higher temperatures. For some of the samples, the isotherms were used to determine the isothermal entropy variation as a function of temperature, for a change of 50 kOe in the applied magnetic field. The saturation magnetic moment varies with x and follows the dilution law, implying that the Cr atoms do not contribute to the total moment of the Gd-Cr alloys. Both static magnetization and dynamic susceptibility measurements reveal the existence of a magnetic glassy behavior in the alloys, which occurs below a freezing temperature. The existence of anisotropy at low temperatures for all samples was revealed by their M×H hysteresis loops from which the in-plane coercive fields, H_c, were determined. A monotonical increase in H_c with increasing Gd concentration was observed.     

Sm-Fe和Sm-Co非晶态合金薄膜的高场热磁效应

本文研究了Sm_xT_1-x(T=Fe,Co)非晶态薄膜的磁化强度σ与温度T的关系。发现在磁场H=7T下,对Sm_xCo_1-x样品(x=0.46,0.48,0.54,0.65)的升温过程测得的σ(T)曲线上有极大值,它对应的温度都在25—28K范围内,与成分关系不大。非晶态Sm_xFe_1-x(x=0.46,0.73)的结果与之不同,极大值对应的温度与成分有关。对上述样品,还发现在T≈6K附近σ(T)有极小值(和陡变),在近室温端,出现σ(T)下降缓慢的“拖尾巴”现象。我们认为,Sm-Co非晶态薄膜表现的高场热磁效应可能起源于Sm原子磁矩对磁化的贡献不可忽略,作用在Sm原子上的局域无规各向异性很强;这种各向异性在20—30K变化较大。而Sm-Fe薄膜的高场热磁效应可能起源于Fe原子磁矩的分散。σ(T)在6K附近的极小值(和陡变)及其在室温端变化缓慢的原因,可能是合金成分的涨落所致。 关键词：     

High field magnetoconductivity of Si inversion layers

The transverse magnetoconductivity (σ_χχ) of electron inversion layers on (100) Si is measured in magnetic fields up to 220 kG at temperatures from 4.2 to 1.6 K. The dependence of σ_χχ on T, H, and the electric field along the inversion layer suggests that immobile electrons between two Landau subbands are to a large extent localized out of the top of the lower subband. Fine structure, which may be indicative of inhomogeneities of electronic origin, is observed in σ_χχ vs electron density.     

Anisotropy and FOMP in Tb3 (Fe28−xCox) V1.0 (x=0, 3 and 6) compounds

In this work, the structural and magnetic properties of Tb₃ (Fe_28−xCo_x) V_1.0 (x=0, 3, 6) compounds have been investigated. The structural characterization of compounds by X-ray powder diffraction is an evidence for a monoclinic Nd₃(Fe, Ti)₂₉-type structure (A2/m space group). The refined lattice parameters a and b (but not c) and the unit cell volume V, obtained from the XRD data by the Rietveld method, are found to decrease with increasing Co concentration. The unit cell parameters behavior has been attributed to the smaller Co atoms and a preferential substitution of Fe by Co. The anisotropy field (H_a) as well as critical field (H_cr) was measured using the singular point detection (SPD) technique from 5 to 300 K in a pulsed magnetic field of up to 30 T. At T=5 K, a FOMP of type 2 was observed for all samples and persists at all temperatures up to 300 K. For sample x=0, H_cr=10.6 and 2.0 T at 5 and 300 K, respectively, is equal to that reported earlier. The occurrence of canting angles between the magnetic sublattices during the magnetization process instead of high-order anisotropy contributions (at room temperature are usually negligible) has been considered to explain the survival of the FOMP at room temperature. The anisotropy and critical fields behave differently for samples with x=0, 3 compared with x=6. The observed behavior has been related to the fact that the Co substitution for Fe takes place with a preferential entrance in the inequivalent crystallographic sites of the 3:29 structure. The contribution of the Tb-sublattice in the Tb₃(Fe, V)₂₉ compound with uniaxial anisotropy has been scaled from the anisotropy field measured on a Y₃(Fe, V)₂₉ single crystal with easy plane anisotropy.     

Specific features of the states of cobalt fluoride in the vicinity of the critical field

The state of cobalt fluoride in the vicinity of the critical value H _c of a longitudinal magnetic field H, in which the magnetic subsystem of a CoF₂ crystal with a strong Dzyaloshinskii interaction is transformed from the antiferromagnetic phase into the canted phase, has been investigated taking into account the increasing number of experimental studies related to the use of cobalt fluoride. It has been found that, despite the unusually high magnetic anisotropy of the crystal, the state of the magnetic subsystem at H = H _c is extremely sensitive to a small deviation of the vector H from the C ₄ axis. Another feature is that the high sensitivity disappears with an increase or decrease in the magnetic field by only a few thousandths of H _c . The results of the investigations performed in this work are applicable to magnetically ordered crystals FeF₃ and Cu₂OSeO₃, which, as well as the CoF₂ crystals, are characterized by a strong Dzyaloshinskii interaction and a significant magnetic anisotropy. The revealed anomaly in the reduction of the effective magnetic anisotropy is of interest in connection with numerous attempts to decrease the magnetic anisotropy in crystals with giant magnetostriction, which are necessary for the use as sensors and vibrators.     

Antiferromagnetic resonance in ferroborate NdFe3(BO3)4

The AFMR spectra of the NdFe₃(BO₃)₄ crystal are measured in a wide range of frequencies and temperatures. It is found that by the type of its magnetic anisotropy the compound is an “easy-plane” antiferromagnet with a weak anisotropy in the basal plane. The effective magnetic parameters are determined: anisotropy fields H_a1=1.14 kOe and H_a2=60 kOe and magnetic excitation gaps Δν₁=101.9 GHz and Δν₂=23.8 GHz. It is shown that commensurate-incommensurate phase transition causes a shift in resonance field and a considerable change in absorption line width.At temperatures below 4.2 K nonlinear regimes of AFMR excitation at low microwave power levels are observed.     

Giant intrinsic magnetic hardness

Crystallographically partly randomized materials with high magnetic anisotropy exhibit anisotropy and exchange fluctuations. Possibly the most dramatic consequence of these interaction fluctuations is the presence of giant intrinsic magnetic hardness observed, especially at cryogenic temperatures. This magnetic hardness (resistance to demagnetization) is anintrinsic solid state property, quite in contrast with hardness in technologically important materials based on the presence of fine particles or precipitate phases. It introduces rather a further variety in the phenomenology of interaction fluctuation materials such as spin glasses, representing the extreme case of high anisotropy and high moment concentrations. In this paper the phenomenon of strong intrinsic magnetic hardness is reviewed, and some new experimental data are presented for homogeneous pseudobinary regions of composition on the basis of such compounds as SmNi₅, SmCu₅, SmCo₅, TbFe₂ and others. Magnetic hardness in some of these cases reaches the highest values found so far for any class of materials. For instance, maximum values of coercive force of aboutH _c=230 kOe are observed for SmCo_5−xNi_x. Even higher values are extrapolated in other cases. Maximum values ofH _c are observed in materials with ordering temperatures of order 60–200 K. A strong temperature and a weaker time dependence ofH _c is observed and discussed on the basis of theories involving thermal activation of domain propagation. Comparisons are drawn with effects generally observed in magnetically hard materials, and the relationship of intrinsic magnetic hardness to technologically interesting materials is discussed. Tentative conclusions as to the details of the origins of giant intrinsic magnetic hardness are drawn and areas of future interest are indicated. This study was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation.