声学蜂窝结构中的拓扑角态

高阶拓扑绝缘体是近年来发现的一类具有特殊拓扑相的新型拓扑绝缘体,目前已在光学、声学等多种经典波系统中实现.本文采用数值模拟方法研究了一种二维声学蜂窝结构,通过调节胞内和胞间耦合波导管,使体能带发生反转诱导拓扑相变,进而利用拓扑相构建出声学二阶拓扑绝缘体.蜂窝结构的拓扑性质可以用量子化的四极矩Q_ij表征,当Q_ij=0时,系统是平庸的;而当Q_ij=1/2时,系统是拓扑的.基于该蜂窝结构,分别研究了六边形和三角形结构的声学高阶态,在两种构型的蜂窝结构中均观测到了孤立的零维角态,研究结果表明只有存在钝角的六边形结构对缺陷具有鲁棒性,受拓扑保护.本文的拓扑角态丰富了高阶拓扑绝缘体的研究,同时可为紧凑声学系统中的鲁棒限制声提供一条新途径.     

Transport properties of topological insulators films and nanowires

The last several years have witnessed the rapid developments in the study and understanding of topological insulators. In this review, after a brief summary of the history of topological insulators, we focus on the recent progress made in transport experiments on topological insulator films and nanowires. Some quantum phenomena, including the weak antilocalization, the Aharonov-Bobm effect, and the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, observed in these nanostructures are described. In addition, the electronic transport evidence of the superconducting proximity effect as well as an anomalous resistance enhancement in topological insulator/superconductor hybrid structures is included.     

Elastic scattering of surface states on three-dimensional topological insulators

Topological insulators as a new type of quantum matter materials are characterized by a full insulating gap in the bulk and gapless edge/surface states protected by the time-reversal symmetry. We propose that the interference patterns caused by the elastic scattering of defects or impurities are dominated by the surface states at the extremal points on the constant energy contour. Within such a formalism, we summarize our recent theoretical investigations on the elastic scattering of topological surface states by various imperfections, including non-magnetic impurities, magnetic impurities, step edges, and various other defects, in comparison with the recent related experiments in typical topological materials such as BiSb alloys, Bi2Te3, and Bi2Se3 crystals.     

Topological hierarchy matters — topological matters with superlattices of defects

Topological insulators/superconductors are new states of quantum matter with metallic edge/surface states.In this paper,we review the defects effect in these topological states and study new types of topological matters — topological hierarchy matters.We find that both topological defects(quantized vortices) and non topological defects(vacancies) can induce topological mid-gap states in the topological hierarchy matters after considering the superlattice of defects.These topological mid-gap states have nontrivial topological properties,including the nonzero Chern number and the gapless edge states.Effective tight-binding models are obtained to describe the topological mid-gap states in the topological hierarchy matters.     

Double Andreev reflections at surface states of the topological insulators with hexagonal warping

We study the Andreev reflection(AR)at the interface of the topological insulator with hexagonal warping and superconductor junction.Due to the hexagonal warping effect,the double ARs are found in a certain range of the incident angle,where for one incident electron beam,two beams of holes are reflected back.Interestingly,both the beams of holes are reflected as retro-AR on the same side of the normal line of the interface but with different reflection angles,different from the previously reported double AR with one retro-AR and one specular-AR.The double reflections owing to the warping effect show the optics-like property of the Dirac fermion and can stimulate the double reflections of light in anisotropic crystals.In addition,we find that the double ARs are dependent on the hexagonal warping parameter nonmonotonically,and in an intermediate strength the double AR phenomenon is prominent,providing a possibility to explore the warping parameter of topological insulators.     

Disorder effects in topological states:Brief review of the recent developments

Disorder inevitably exists in realistic samples,manifesting itself in various exotic properties for the topological states.In this paper,we summarize and briefly review the work completed over the last few years,including our own,regarding recent developments in several topics about disorder effects in topological states.For weak disorder,the robustness of topological states is demonstrated,especially for both quantum spin Hall states with Z_2 = 1 and size induced nontrivial topological insulators with Z_2 = 0.For moderate disorder,by increasing the randomness of both the impurity distribution and the impurity induced potential,the topological insulator states can be created from normal metallic or insulating states.These phenomena and their mechanisms are summarized.For strong disorder,the disorder causes a metal-insulator transition.Due to their topological nature,the phase diagrams are much richer in topological state systems.Finally,the trends in these areas of disorder research are discussed.     

铁基超导中拓扑量子态研究进展

铁基超导体和拓扑量子材料是近年来凝聚态物理两个重要的前沿研究方向.铁基超导体中是否能衍生出非平庸的拓扑现象是一个非常有意义的问题.本文从晶体对称性、布里渊区高对称点附近的有效模型以及自旋轨道耦合相互作用三个方面具体分析了铁基超导的电子结构的基本特点.在此基础上,重点阐述铁基超导的正常态、临近超导的长程有序态以及超导态中非平庸的拓扑量子态是如何衍生的;具体介绍了相关的理论模型以及结果,回顾了相关的实验进展,展望了该领域的发展前景.     

Investigating the topological structure of quenched lattice QCD with overlap fermions using a multi-probing approximation

The topological charge density and topological susceptibility are determined by a multi-probing approximation using overlap fermions in quenched SU(3) gauge theory. Then we investigate the topological structure of the quenched QCD vacuum, and compare it with results from the all-scale topological density. The results are consistent.Random permuted topological charge density is used to check whether these structures represent underlying ordered properties. The pseudoscalar glueball mass is extracted from the two-point correlation function of the topological charge density. We study 3 ensembles of different lattice spacing a with the same lattice volume 16~3×32. The results are compatible with the results of all-scale topological charge density, and the topological structures revealed by multi-probing are much closer to all-scale topological charge density than those from eigenmode expansion.     

留数定理在拓扑相变中的应用

留数定理是高校物理专业必修课程数学物理方法中的一个重要定理.传统教学中关于该定理的讲授着重于数学公式的推导和数学思想的传达,而对于其在具体物理问题上的应用鲜有涉及.本文以一维Su-Schrieffer-Heeger模型的拓扑相变问题为例,阐明了如何利用留数定理解析得到二阶位移量的表达式并用该物理量表征拓扑相变.在讲授留数定理的教学过程中引入具体物理问题的分析实例,可以使学生更深刻地理解数学定理中的物理内涵.     

The emergence of bound states in a superconducting gap at the topological insulator edge

We consider the edge of a superconducting topological insulator with the impurity in the presence of the Zeeman field. We analytically prove that in the trivial phase two Andreev bound states (ABSs) arise with energies moving from the superconducting gap edges to zero forming two Majorana-like bound states, as the impurity strength varies from 0 to ±2. When the Zeeman field is locally perturbed, ABSs arise both in the trivial and topological phases, but in the topological phase ABSs with energy near the gap edges cannot transform into Majorana bound states and vice versa.     

Spectrum of Andreev bound states in Josephson junctions with a ferromagnetic insulator

Ferromagnetic-insulator (FI) based Josephson junctions are promising candidates for a coherent superconducting quantum bit as well as a classical superconducting logic circuit. Recently the appearance of an intriguing atomic-scale 0–π$0–\pi$ transition has been theoretically predicted. In order to uncover the mechanism of this phenomena, we numerically calculate the spectrum of Andreev bound states in a FI barrier by diagonalizing the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equation. We show that Andreev spectrum drastically depends on the parity of the FI-layer number L   and accordingly the π(0)$\pi (0)$ state is always more stable than the 0 (π$\pi$) state if L is odd (even).     

不同晶格常数光子晶体构成的光量子阱中的共振模

用基于平面波的传输矩阵法分析由具有不同晶格常数的光子晶体材料构成的光量子阱结构中的共振模，发现湮没于垒层的阱层能带分离成共振模，且共振模的数目随阱层的厚度变化而改变。提出一种新型的非对称量子阱结构模型，由2块晶格常数不同的光子晶体材料和夹在光子晶体材料中间作为阱层的均匀介电材料构成，并对其中的共振模进行了分析。指出当阱层厚度达到构成垒层的光子晶体晶格常数的一半时出现一个共振模，若继续小量增加阱层厚度将使共振模频率出现红移。最后给出一种基于平面波的传输矩阵法，且对于不同晶格常数的光子晶体量子阱结构均有效的数值模拟方法，可用于研究由三维光子晶体材料或者色散材料组成的光子晶体量子阱结构。     

The theoretical and experimental investigations of Stark structure in sodium Rydberg states atoms

The experimental results of the Stark structure of Na in the vicinity of n~*=21-23 with the external electric field from 0 to 380V/cm are reported. The theoretical calculation of the stark levels of Na based on the atomic potential model are in good agreement with experiment. The limiting error between the theory and experiment turns out to be due to experimental uncertainty.     

On the possible internal structure of the ferroelectric Ising lines in BaTiO3

ABSTRACT

This article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the inner structure of the Ising line, a topological defect separating two parts of a ferroelectric Bloch domain wall with opposite helicity, in the framework of the phenomenological Ginzburg–Landau–Devonshire model. Results performed for Ising lines in a ?211?-oriented 180-degree domain wall of rhombohedral BaTiO₃ suggest remarkably strong dependence of the polarization profiles on the form of gradient terms. Profiles of the skyrmion density, vorticity and divergence of the polarization field were calculated numerically in the few-nm vicinity of the Ising line defect.     

Formations of n-order two-soliton bound states in Bose–Einstein condensates with spatiotemporally modulated nonlinearities

The formations of n-order two-soliton bound states (TSBSs) in the Bose–Einstein condensates with spatiotemporally modulated nonlinearities are studied. Exact analytical expressions of the n-order TSBSs are derived by means of the similarity transformations. Further, the numerical simulations are carried out, consistent with the analytical results very well. The stability analysis shows that the solutions can be stable. Our results indicate that the attractive spatiotemporal inhomogeneous nonlinearities can support n-order TSBSs, which has the potential applications to the generation of matter-wave bright solitons in harmonic traps.     

Study of the heavy molecular states in the quark model with meson exchange interaction

Some charmonium-like resonances such as X(3872) can be interpreted as possible D^(*)D^(*) molecular states. Within the quark model, we study the structure of such molecular states and the similar B^(*)D^(*) molecular states by taking into account the light meson exchange (π, η, ρ, ω and σ) between two light quarks from different mesons.     

应用弹性振子点阵模型数值模拟表面带裂痕材料中的激光激发声表面波

本文将激光等效为垂直力源,建立弹性振子点阵模型,并采用数值模拟的方法对线源激光在金属材料中所产生超声及其传播进行了研究,着重针对有无裂痕材料表面上接收到的波形进行了对比和分析。该方法特别适合处理边界问题,因此也易于处理有缺陷材料中的激光超声问题。     

Revival‐collapse phenomenon in the quadrature squeezing of the multiphoton Jaynes‐Cummings model with the binomial states

In this paper we study the interaction between a two‐level atom and a quantized single‐mode field, namely, the Jaynes‐Cummings model (JCM). The field and the atom are initially prepared in the binomial state and the excited atomic state, respectively. For this system we prove that the revival‐collapse phenomenon exhibited in the atomic inversion of the standard JCM can be numerically (naturally) manifested in the evolution of the squeezing factor of the three‐photon (standard) JCM provided that the initial photon‐number distribution of the radiation field has a smooth envelope.