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基于半经典分子动力学方法模拟超快激光诱导的C60光裂解反应.选择能量为2.0eV,半峰全宽(FWHM)分别为40和500fs的激光作用于C60分子,调节脉冲强度使其发生裂解反应,比较长短脉宽飞秒激光对C60裂解反应机理的影响.通过分析产物分布、原子平衡指数、温度以及吸收能量(包括动能、势能和电子能量),证实飞秒激光脉冲下C60的光裂解主要由电子激发态控制,非热力学效应在该反应中起重要作用.激光场的作用时间和强度均影响光裂解反应过程,而电子吸收能量饱和后光场强度的作用则变得不明显. 相似文献
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利用时间分辨的飞秒光电子影像技术结合时间分辨的质谱技术, 研究了2-氯吡啶分子激发态的超快过程. 实时观察到了2-氯吡啶分子第二激发态(S2)向第一激发态(S1)高振动能级的的超快内转换过程,该内转换的时间常数为(162±5)fs. 实验结果表明, 通过S2/S0的锥形交叉衰减到基态的衰减通道也是退布居的重要通道, 其时间尺度为(5.5±0.3) ps. 相似文献
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采用飞秒激光改性-化学腐蚀的方法, 分别研究了3种典型玻璃的化学腐蚀性能. 通过测试材料的微观结构, 分析了不同材料的腐蚀速率与脉冲能量及腐蚀时间的关系, 从材料组成、显微结构及化学键特征讨论了玻璃改性-腐蚀机理. 结果表明, 飞秒激光改性后的碲酸盐和PbO硅酸盐玻璃不具有选择性腐蚀特性, 而石英玻璃的选择性腐蚀比高于40; 飞秒激光改性玻璃的选择性腐蚀特性与材料结构有关, 分子体积大、网络结构不紧密的材料不具有选择腐蚀特性. 相似文献
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主要用飞秒抽运-探测技术观察了紫细菌Rb. sphaeroides 601外周捕光天线LH2中细菌叶绿素(BChl)之间的能量传递过程. 在783 nm的激光激发B800情况下, 在B800到B850的能量传递之前, 存在一个约0.35 ps的分子内能量重新分布过程; 通过调节激发波长, 清楚地观察到激发态BChl分子的动力学演变过程. 结果表明基态漂白和激发态吸收存在明显的竞争, 同时在818 nm处出现一个鞍点, 说明在B800的激发态和B850的上激子态存在快速、高效的能量传递; B850分子上激子态的激发能将通过内转换向次最低激发态快速弛豫, 并导致最低激发态布局和分子构象变化. 相似文献
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通过求解D2分子在飞秒激光场中的含时薛定谔方程,研究了室温下D2分子在超快1s秒激光驱动下的的转动波包动力学.选择用第一束超短飞秒脉冲与温度为300K的D2分子系综相互作用产生一个相干转动波包,用第二束超短匕秒脉冲在波包的1/4和3/4恢复周期选择操纵D2分子取向.研究结果表明,通过选择两束超短飞秒脉冲的延迟时间,可以有效控制D2分子转动波包中奇偶态的相对布居,从而选择性的控制D2分子取向. 相似文献
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一种可溶性氯铟酞菁化合物的光限幅性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本工作通过无中心金属酞菁合成了可溶性金属酞菁化合物--四-α-(2-乙基丁氧基)氯铟酞菁,用纳秒脉冲激光在532 nm处检测了它在四氢呋喃溶液中的光限幅过程,发现该化合物具有非常明显的光限幅性能.在很低的入射光能量下,输出能量即开始偏离Beer定律,透过率随着入射光能量的增加迅速下降.这一效应归因于酞菁分子的反饱和吸收.通过纳秒激光闪光光解实验测定了上述化合物在四氢呋喃溶液中的瞬态吸收光谱及三线态寿命,实验结果表明在很宽的波长范围内分子具有较强的激发态吸收性能. 相似文献
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本文利用飞秒受激拉曼光谱结合量子化学计算研究了9-(2,2-二氰乙烯基)久洛啶分子在环己烷、四氢呋喃和二甲基亚砜溶剂中的激发态结构动力学.实验中观测到该分子的氢原子离面振动模式以及双腈基(C≡N)对称/反对称伸缩振动模式,这两种振动模式的发现意味着该分子在光激发后将沿C7=C8双键和C4-C7单键进行扭转,即通过异构化和分子内扭转电荷转移两种无辐射弛豫方式有效地淬灭局域性激发态上的粒子数.在非极性溶剂中,光激发导致局域性激发态的粒子数布居,其中一部分粒子数通过异构化以无辐射形式弛豫回基态;此外,虽然非极性溶剂中没有出现分子内电荷传递中间态,部分局域性激发态粒子数直接通过荧光发射弛豫回到基态,另一部分局域性激发态粒子数则通过分子内扭转电荷转移过程无辐射弛豫回基态.在极性溶剂中,光激发导致局域性激发态粒子数布居,其中一部分粒子数通过异构化无辐射弛豫回基态;另一部分局域性激发态的粒子数通过超快的分子内电荷传递过程弛豫至分子内电荷传递发光态,分子内电荷传递态上的粒子数一部分通过荧光发射弛豫回到基态,另一部分... 相似文献
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The pump-probe experiments for 1,3-dichlorobenzene in gas phase have been performed by femtosecond multiphoton ionization mass spectra at a pump pulse of 270 nm and a probe pulse of 810 nm by using our homebuilt femtosecond laser system. The models for the exponential process and quantum beat are presented to extract the photodissociation dynamics information from the data. A fitting and analyzing software which is programmed by graphical language LabVIEW has been developed for the experimental data. The Convolution, Levenberg Marquardt,and Deconvolution mathematics VIs of LabVIEW are used in this program to make the program much simpler than using other programming languages. The experimental data have been well fitted with this program. The results provide the lifetime of excited-state S1 and the frequency of quantum beat. 相似文献
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YUAN Liwei WANG Yanqiu WANG Li BAI Jiling & HE Guozhong State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian China 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2004,47(4)
Dichlorobenzene is a precursor molecule of di-oxins, which are some of the most toxic chemicals and are suspected of being mutagenic with the structure of benzene rings containing different numbers of chlorine atoms. They are seriously harmful to the health of human. Therefore, it is necessary to study these aryl chemicals especially dichlorobenzene molecules in great detail. In recent years, a number of groups have investi-gated the molecules of aryl halide. The near ultraviolet absorption sp… 相似文献
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S. M. Aldoshin E. A. Yur’eva N. A. Sanina M. M. Krayushkin D. V. Tsyganov F. E. Gostev I. V. Shelaev O. M. Sarkisov V. A. Nadtochenko 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2011,60(6):1118-1127
The photochromic ring closure in diarylethylene was studied by femtosecond laser spectroscopy. The absorption spectrum of the initial excited state under pulse excitation at 305 nm was observed. The kinetic scheme of transitions from the initial excited state to the closed-ring isomer as the final product is proposed. 相似文献
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Li-Wei Yuan Jing-Yi Zhu Yan-Qiu Wang Li Wang Ji-Ling Baiand Guo-Zhong He 《Chemical physics letters》2005,410(4-6):352-357
De-excited dynamics of p-chlorotoluene and p-dichlorobenzene have been investigated by the femtosecond pump–probe method in a supersonic molecular beam. The yields of the parent ion and daughter ion are examined as a function of the delay time between the pump and probe laser pulses. The lifetime constants of excited p-chlorotoluene and p-dichlorobenzene are determined. Possible de-excitation mechanisms are suggested that the initially excited S1 state is predissociative via the repulsive triplet state. The substituent effects of additional chlorine atom and methyl group are discussed. Moreover, for the first time, we observe a novel quantum beat oscillation in p-dichlorobenzene. 相似文献
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The energy dissipation mechanism from photoexcited azobenzene (Az) was studied by femtosecond time-resolved UV absorption spectroscopy using 7-amino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (ATC) as a probe. The distance between the probe molecule and Az was fixed by covalently linking them together through a rigid proline spacer. Picosecond dynamics in THF solutions were studied upon excitation into the S1 state by a 100 fs laser pulse at 480 nm. Transient absorption spectra obtained for Az-Pro-ATC combined the S1 state absorption and vibrationally excited ground-state absorption of ATC. Correction of the transient spectrum of Az-Pro-ATC for the S1 absorption provided the time-resolved absorption spectrum of the ATC hot band. Three major components were observed in the transient kinetics of Az-Pro-ATC vibrational cooling. It is proposed that in ca. 0.25 ps after the excitation, the S1 state of azobenzene decays to form an initial vibrationally excited nonthermalized ground state of Az-Pro-ATC that involves vibrational modes of both azobenzene and coumarin. This hot ground state decays in ca. 0.32 ps to the next, vibrationally equilibrated, transient state by redistributing the energy within the molecule. Subsequently, the latter state cools by transferring its energy to the closest solvent molecules in ca. 5 ps; then, the energy diffuses to the bulk solvent in 13 ps. 相似文献
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The cation of 2-phenylethyl-N,N-dimethylamine (PENNA) offers two local sites for the charge: the amine group and 0.7 eV higher in energy the phenyl chromophore. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of the charge transfer (CT) from the phenyl to the amine site. We present a femtosecond resonant two-color photoionization spectrum which shows that the femtosecond pump laser pulse is resonant in the phenyl chromophore. As shown previously with resonant wavelengths the aromatic phenyl chromophore can be then selectively ionized. Because the state "charge in the phenyl chromophore" is the first excited state in the PENNA cation, it can relax to the lower-energetic state "charge in the amine site". To follow this CT dynamics, femtosecond probe photoabsorption of green light (vis) is used. The vis light is absorbed by the charged phenyl chromophore, but not by the neutral phenyl and the neutral or cationic amine group. Thus, the absorption of vis photons of the probe laser pulse is switched off by the CT process. For detection of the resonant absorption of two or more vis photons in the cation the intensity of a fragmentation channel is monitored which opens only at high internal energy. The CT dynamics in PENNA cations has a time constant of 80 +/- 28 fs and is therefore not a purely electronic process. Because of its structural similarity to phenylalanine, PENNA is a model system for a downhill charge transfer in peptide cations. 相似文献
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Detailed simulation study is reported for the excited-state dynamics of photoisomerization of cis-tetraphenylethylene (TPE) following excitation by a femtosecond laser pulse. The technique for this investigation is semiclassical dynamics simulation, which is described briefly in the paper. Upon photoexcitation by a femtosecond laser pulse, the stretching motion of the ethylenic bond of TPE is initially excited, leading to a significant lengthening of ethylenic bond in 300 fs. Twisting motion about the ethylenic bond is activated by the energy released from the relaxation of the stretching mode. The 90 degrees twisting about the ethylenic bond from an approximately planar geometry to nearly a perpendicular conformation in the electronically excited state is completed in 600 fs. The torsional dynamics of phenyl rings which is temporally lagging behind occurs at about 5 ps. Finally, the twisted TPE reverts to the initial conformation along the twisting coordinate through nonadiabatic transitions. The simulation results provide a basis for understanding several spectroscopic observations at molecular levels, including ultrafast dynamic Stokes shift, multicomponent fluorescence, viscosity dependence of the fluorescence lifetime, and radiationless decay from electronically excited state to the ground state along the isomerization coordinate. 相似文献
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Dynamics of excited m-dichlorobenzene is investigated in real time by femtosecond pump-probe method, combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometric
detection in a supersonic molecular beam. The yields of the parent ion and daughter ion C6H4Cl+ are examined as a function of the delay between the 270 and 810 nm femtosecond laser pulses, respectively. The lifetime of
the first singlet excited state S1 of m-dichlorobenzene is measured. The origin of this daughter ion C6H4Cl+ is discussed. The ladder mechanism is proposed to form the fragment ion. In addition, our experimental results exhibit a
rapid damped sinusoidal oscillation over intermediate time delays, which is due to quantum beat effects. 相似文献
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As a continuation of the preceding paper in this issue (J. Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 6805), we studied photodissociation dynamics of the acetone S2 (n, 3s) Rydberg state excited at 195 nm using femtosecond time-resolved photofragment translational spectroscopy. The technique, which is implemented by the combination of fs pump-probe ionization spectroscopy and kinetic energy resolved time-of-flight mass spectrometry (KETOF), measured temporal evolutions of the product kinetic energy distributions (KEDs) with a time resolution limited only by the laser pulse widths. Two methyl product KED components were resolved and assigned to the primary and secondary methyl products on the basis of their temporal behaviors. The results support the mechanism in which the primary dissociation occurs on the acetone S1 surface and provide complementary dynamical information to that discussed in the preceding paper. 相似文献