狭叶地榆化学成分研究

从狭叶地榆根中分离出7种化合物,经化学和光谱方法鉴定分别为2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基苯乙酮(Ⅰ)、3,3′,4-三(○-甲基)逆没食子酸(Ⅱ)、3,4′,4-三(○-甲基)逆没食子酸(Ⅲ)、地榆皂甙元(Ⅳ)、地榆皂甙Ⅰ(Ⅴ)、地榆皂甙Ⅱ(Ⅵ)和胡萝卜甙(Ⅶ),其中Ⅰ为首次从天然界中得到,Ⅲ为一新化合物。     

多花蔷薇花净油化学成分研究

多花蔷薇(Rose multiflora. cathayensis)又名红刺玫、刺花,系多年生落叶灌木,野生于甘肃省陇南山区,生长在海拔500～1900 m的山峰、河岸或山坡缘及灌木丛林中,花的资源丰富,是甘肃省目前需开发的野生芳香植物之一,多花蔷薇花为粉红色,花期为5月中旬至5月底,花中含芳香油,可用作化妆、皂用香精等,有关多花蔷薇花的化学成分,未见文献报道,我们将多花蔷薇花的石油醚浸膏用乙醇在0℃脱蜡3次得净油,再经硅胶柱层析分离得纯     

高山地榆三萜皂甙成分研究

高山地榆(Sanguisorba alpina Bge)是蔷薇科地榆属植物,民间用于止血、止吐、抗菌、解毒.本文报道从其根粉60%乙醇提取物中分离得到的新三萜皂甙,命名为高山地榆甙(alpinoside,1). 化合物1为白色粉末,m.p.:247-249.5℃,[α]15D:+7.5°(C,0.2;MeOH).IRvKBrmax(cm-1)示有羟基(3457)、酯羰基(1738)、末端双键(1702,882)和三取代双键(1656).HRMS给出其甙元M+为m/z470.3324.示其分子式为C30H46O4(计算值:470.3396).碎片峰m/z:452(8),424(14),246(15),223(25),201(100),187(55),结合12C NMR(见表1)表明1为     

藿香的化学成分分析

从藿香茎叶的乙醇提取物中共分离鉴定出5个化合物:异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(1)、金丝桃苷(2)、3,5,8,3,′4′-五羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、尼泊尔鸢尾异黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(4)和正三十烷酸(5).其中化合物3和4为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法鉴别中药泽泻化学成分

建立原位电离实时直接分析串联质谱法快速鉴别中药泽泻中的化学成分.使用质谱正离子全扫描采集泽泻的DART–MS特征图谱,通过与已报道的泽泻化学成分的相对分子质量比对确证泽泻醇类成分.在正离子模式下,泽泻固体样品直接显示特征指纹离子,液体样品图谱中出现文献报道的23-乙酰泽泻醇B(m/z 515)、泽泻醇C(m/z 487...     

离子淌度质谱技术在中药化学成分分析中的研究进展

离子淌度质谱(IM-MS)是一种将离子淌度分离与质谱分析相结合的新型分析技术。IM-MS的主要优势不仅是在质谱检测前提供了基于气相离子形状、大小、电荷数等因素的多一维分离,而且能够提供碰撞截面积、漂移时间等质谱信息进而辅助化合物鉴定。近年来,随着IM-MS技术的不断发展,该技术在中药化学成分分析中受到越来越多的关注。首先,IM-MS已成功应用于改善中药复杂成分尤其是同分异构体或等量异位素等成分的分离;其次,IM-MS可通过多重碎裂模式辅助高质量中药小分子质谱信息的获取;此外,IM-MS提供的高维质谱数据信息还可促进中药复杂体系多成分的整合分析。该文在对IM-MS分类和基本原理进行概述的基础上,从分离能力及分离策略、多重碎裂模式、多维质谱数据处理策略3个方面,重点综述了IM-MS在中药化学成分分析中的应用,以期为IM-MS在中药化学成分研究提供参考。     

水蛭化学成分的分离及分析

系统总结了近年来水蛭的提取分离方法及化学成分的研究概况,并展望了水蛭未来的发展前景.     

漳州水仙花头香的化学成分分析

福建漳州人工栽培的水仙为中国水仙之上品。由于它的幽雅清香一直作为花卉盆景观赏而驰名中外。据记载水仙花自然散发出的香气(头香)兼备大花茉莉的清鲜,风信子的甜鲜和紫丁香的幽鲜,并带有某种动物香的独特香味。其芳香化学成分的研究迄今尚无报道。前文我们介绍了利用色谱-质谱法     

花椒挥发油的化学成分分析

1　引　　言花椒 (ＺａｎｔｈｏｘｙｌｕｍｂｕｎｇｅａｎｕｍＭａｘｉｎ)属于芸香科落叶灌木植物 ,具有浓烈芳香 ,是主要的调味香料 ,在烹调中常用作佐料 ,又可防腐。花椒还属于中国传统的有效高价值中药 ,它性热 ,味辛、入脾经胃 ,能散寒祛湿 ,止痛杀虫 ,并可除六腑寒冷。主治慢性肠胃炎 ,胃腹冷痛及慢性关节炎、肌肉风湿痛等疾病。国外对花椒类植物也进行了一定研究工作 ,据有关报道 ,花椒属植物的提取物或挥发油在抗病毒、杀病菌、微生物等方面有显著的功效。花椒粗提物有较强的杀虫、杀菌作用 ,它对玉米象、赤拟谷盗、储粮曲霉和青霉等…     

Chemical investigation of the herbage ofMelissa officinalis

Samara State Medical Institute; All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 318–320, March-April, 1995. Original article submitted November 22, 1994.     

Chemical composition of the endocarps of fruits of Styrax officinalis L.

Endocarps of fruits of Styrax officinalis L. have been subjected to a phytochemical investigation. Five compounds, americanin A (1), egonololeat (2), egonol-2?-metil butanoat (3), egonolgentiobiside (4) and homoegonolgentiobiside (5) were isolated. Their structures were elucidated by using spectroscopic methods and comparison with the literature data. This is the first report of the presence of compound 1 and compound 2 in the genus Styrax (Styracaceae family) and S. officinalis L. species, respectively.     

Chemical characterization of leaves and calli extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis by UHPLC-MS

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) is an aromatic plant widely popular mainly due to its uses in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, diuretic and antimicrobial, as well as in the prevention and treatment of diseases. These biological activities are mainly related to the presence of phenolic and terpenic compounds. This work reports a chemical profile analysis of extracts from leaves and calli of rosemary obtained by both pressurized liquid extraction and maceration. Chemical profiles were determined on calli extracts of 3, 6, 9, and 15 days of culture; chemical characterization and quantification of compounds was carried out using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 53 metabolites were identified in callus and 47 compounds in leaf extracts, of which 25 correspond to phenolic compounds, mainly flavonoids and flavones, 13 terpenes that include phenolic terpenes and one diterpenolactone, two glycosides which correspond to 6-O-caffeoyl-β-D-fructofuranosil-(2→1)-α-D-glucopyranoside and primulaverin, an aromatic compound identified as fenantrenone and a growth regulator 12-hydroxy jasmonic acid. These results showed that undifferentiated rosemary cells accumulate the same compounds identified mainly in highly specialized tissues such as leaves. The plant cell culture supply the possibility of developing biotechnological processes to obtain compounds of commercial interest.     

Chemical test methods for determining components of liquids

The reported data on determining substances by chemical test methods are summarized. The reagents used; methods of their immobilization on supports; and principles, devices, and methods for determining components are considered. The main analytical characteristics are discussed.     

Chemical components of the Ephedra major from Iran

Ephedra is a dioecious shrub that belongs to the Ephedraceae family of gymnosperms. Almost all commercial applications of Ephedra extracts are derived from the ephedrine alkaloids found in the evergreen stems. The purpose of this study was to compare chemical components (total alkaloid, ephedrine, total phenol, total flavonoid and tannin) of Ephedra major plants during May to October months. The seeds and stems were collected from Bojnoord altitudes in east of Iran. Total alkaloid was separated by solvent and soxhelet extraction method. The results revealed that solvent extraction method is more efficient than soxhelet extraction method. The measurement of chemical components showed significant difference during May to October months. Data from HPLC analysis revealed that while root is depleted of ephedrine, the ephedrine amount in stem organ ranged from 1.50 ± 0.15 to 2.12 ± 0.01 mg/g dry weight. The results indicate that E. major can be as a suitable source of ephedrine.     

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Rosmarinus officinalis Cultivated in the Algerian Sahara

The volatile compounds obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of Rosmarinus officinalis cultivated at the Algerian Sahara were analyzed by GC/MS. Thirty compounds were characterized representing 98.2% of the essential oil with 1,8-cineole (29.5%), 2-ethyl-4,5-dimethylphenol (12.0%) and camphor (11.5%) as the major components.     

Chemical tools selectively target components of the PKA system

Background  

In the eukaryotic cell the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) is a key enzyme in signal transduction and represents the main target of the second messenger cAMP. Here we describe the design, synthesis and characterisation of specifically tailored cAMP analogs which can be utilised as a tool for affinity enrichment and purification as well as for proteomics based analyses of cAMP binding proteins.     

Chemical composition of the rhizomes with roots of Valeriana wolgensis from the Valeriana officinalis group

All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Drugs Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 141–143, January–February, 1991.