Breaking of the Axial Symmetry of Terahertz Radiation from Single-Color Filament Plasma

JETP Letters - Two-dimensional distribution patterns of terahertz radiation generated in a laser single-color filament plasma are measured at several frequencies. In the low-frequency region...     

Modulation of terahertz generation in dual-color filaments by an external electric field and preformed plasma

Terahertz generation driven by dual-color filaments in air is demonstrated to be remarkably enhanced by applying an external electric field to the filaments. As terahertz generation is sensitive to the dual-color phase difference, a preformed plasma is verified efficiently in modulating terahertz radiation from linear to elliptical polarization. In the presence of preformed plasma, a dual-color filament generates terahertz pulses of elliptical polarization and the corresponding ellipse rotates regularly with the change of the preformed plasma density. The observed terahertz modulation with the external electric field and the preformed plasma provides a simple way to estimate the plasma density and evaluate the photocurrent dynamics of the dual-color filaments. It provides further experimental evidence of the photo-current model in governing the dual-color filament driven terahertz generation processes.     

Influence of cutting off position of plasma filament formed by two-color femtosecond laser on terahertz generation

Femtosecond laser filamentation is a method of generating terahertz, which has wide application in terahertz subwavelength resolution imaging. In this paper, the plasma filament formed by femtosecond laser focusing was terminated with an alumina ceramics at different positions and the influence of the cutting off position of the plasma filament on the terahertz wave was studied. The results showed that the terahertz amplitude increases as the position approaches the end of the filament gradually. The stability of amplitude and peak frequency of the terahertz generated by the filament formed by two-color femtosecond laser via a lens with a longer focal length is lower than that through a lens with a shorter focal length, especially the terahertz amplitude at the end of the filament. The study will be helpful for future researchers in the field of THz sub-wavelength imaging utilizing femtosecond laser filament.     

Features of the scattering of focused terahertz radiation from the probe of a terahertz near-field microscope

The scattering of pulsed terahertz radiation from metallic probes in the form of thin cylinders and cones with a small opening angle, which are used in apertureless terahertz near-field microscopes, has been investigated. The extrema of the waveform of pulsed terahertz radiation scattered from a free probe are linearly shifted with a change in the vertical position of the probe, and the spectral distribution is characterized by an inversely proportional frequency dependence. In the presence of a reflecting surface under the probe, when new excitation and detection directions appear, the spectrum of scattered terahertz radiation does not differ from the spectrum of the incident radiation. The experimental data are in mutual agreement with the theoretical results obtained within the model of the generation of diffraction edge waves at the interface of inhomogeneous excitation between the excitation region and shadow region.     

Band gaps in the spectra of terahertz surface plasmons on metallic diffraction gratings

The effect of the appearance of band gaps in the energy spectra of terahertz surface plasmons has been experimentally observed and investigated. The band gaps are formed due to the interference interaction of the surface plasmons excited by pulsed terahertz radiation on metallic diffraction gratings. It has been shown that the experimental dispersion curves of terahertz plasmons are in good agreement with the dispersion curves obtained in the numerical simulation.     

Emission of terahertz radiation from GaAsN/GaAs heterostructures in an electric field

Emission of terahertz radiation from strained Be-doped GaAsN layers has been revealed at 4.2 K in postbreakdown electric fields. Heavy and light hole subbands are split in strained layers, and, along with localized acceptor states, resonant states arise. The spectrum of terahertz radiation has been obtained, the current-voltage characteristics of the samples were investigated, and the energy spectra of acceptors were calculated. Peaks in the spontaneous emission spectrum correlate well with the results of the energy spectrum calculations. The transitions between the resonant and localized states of the acceptors make the main contribution to the terahertz radiation intensity.     

On the generation of terahertz radiation by a phase-modulated optical pulse

The problem of terahertz radiation generation in a quadratic nonlinear medium by a nanosecond phase-modulated optical pulse possessing the properties of supercontinuum has been investigated. The possibility of generating both broadband and quasi-monochromatic terahertz signals has been demonstrated. The conditions have been revealed under which the generation efficiency of a phase-modulated nanosecond optical pulse is greater than that of a spectrally confined femtosecond signal.     

Optical methods for the generation of terahertz radiation and subterahertz acoustics of solids

Various methods to increase the efficiency of the generation of broadband terahertz radiation based on optical rectification have been analyzed. The solutions of self-consistent optical terahertz equations have been studied using the inclined front technique. The effect of symmetric and asymmetric resonant impurity centers incorporated into a crystal has been examined. Transient and asymptotic stages of generation have been considered. Attention has been focused on the evolution of the spectra of both generated terahertz and input optic signals. One- and two-frequency generation modes have been discussed. Acoustic analogs that would provide the possibility of the generation of the gigahertz acoustic supercontinuum using subterahertz elastic signals in a solid have been analyzed. The main similarities and differences between terahertz optics and subterahertz acoustics have been revealed.     

Terahertz radiation induced by the Wannier-Stark localization of electrons in a natural silicon carbide superlattice

Intense terahertz electroluminescence from SiC structures with a miniband electron spectrum caused by the natural superlattice has been observed. The shape of the terahertz radiation line, the linear dependence of the position of its maximum on the bias voltage, the typical value of the field required to induce the radiation, and the prevailing polarization of the radiation along the superlattice axis indicate that the observed radiation results from to the excitation of stationary Bloch oscillations of electrons in the natural silicon carbide superlattice.     

Terahertz spectroscopy of quantum phase transitions and the temperature-frequency scaling

In the last few decades, significant progress has been achieved in the development of generators and detectors of terahertz radiation (at frequencies in the range from ≈300 GHz to ≈3 THz). Different terahertz spectroscopic techniques have been widely used now in investigating semiconductors, superconductors, molecular magnets, multiferroics, metamaterials, and other promising objects. It has been demonstrated that terahertz spectroscopy offers wide but not completely realized possibilities for studying quantum phase transitions in electron-correlated systems.     

太赫兹计量研究与标准研制进展

太赫兹作为新的技术手段在物质成分识别、高速通信、生物医学、安检成像和军事国防等领域具有重要的作用。太赫兹技术的各种应用都建立在对太赫兹本身及其与物质相互作用测量的基础上,因此准确的太赫兹参数测量及相关量值溯源是太赫兹应用的技术支撑和保障。介绍中国计量科学研究院在太赫兹辐射参数计量标准研究中形成的测量技术和溯源方法、研制的测量仪器和测量装置、制定的计量校准法规和建立的计量标准装置,对太赫兹辐射时域、频域、空域和强度等参数给出了量值溯源传递图并进行了测量不确定度分析。提出的太赫兹计量方法和标准装置可保障太赫兹技术研究和应用中的量值可靠,也可为其他太赫兹参数的测量提供参考。     

Generation of nanosecond terahertz pulses by the optical rectification method

The possibility of the generation of quasi-cw terahertz radiation by the optical rectification method for broad-band Fourier unlimited nanosecond laser pulses has been experimentally demonstrated. The broadband radiation of a LiF dye-center laser is used as a pump source of a nonlinear optical oscillator. The energy efficiency of terahertz optical frequency conversion in a periodically polarized lithium niobate crystal is 4 × 10⁻⁹ at a pump power density of 7 MW/cm².     

太赫兹时域光谱与频域光谱研究综述

近年来太赫兹技术因其重要的理论研究价值和广泛的应用前景引起了科学界的普遍关注。太赫兹光谱技术作为太赫兹科学发展的主要方向之一,可分为频域光谱与时域光谱两种。它的出现解决了太赫兹波段下无法产生宽带辐射源的难题,使得光谱学上存在的太赫兹断层得以填补。随着这项技术的发展,对太赫兹波段下物质特性的研究也逐步拓展到生物医学、材料、通信、安检为代表的各个领域。从产生原理、性能特点、应用领域等方面对两种光谱进行比较,进而阐述了两种太赫兹光谱的优缺点以及其应用优势。     

碳纳米管辐射太赫兹波的理论分析与数值验证

基于简单紧束缚方法理论,利用一维碳纳米管的量子化周期边界条件得到了碳纳米管的电子能级结构关系.并结合已报道的碳纳米管中电子与声子相互作用的实验结果,得到了碳纳米管能够辐射太赫兹波的结论.通过数值结果验证了碳纳米管在外场作用下能够产生太赫兹波,并对数值计算结果中太赫兹波的振荡现象给予合理的解释.其结果为进行碳纳米管产生太赫兹辐射的实验研究提供深入的理论基础. 关键词： 太赫兹波 碳纳米管     

Interaction of terahertz electromagnetic radiation with a probe-object system in a terahertz apertureless near-field microscope

The mechanism of the interaction of coherent terahertz radiation with a probe-nanoobject system has been experimentally investigated in a terahertz apertureless near-field microscope. It has been found that the type of the material of a sample under the probe, as well as the geometry of the probe, determines the form of the dependence of the differential signal of the terahertz field on the distance between the probe and sample. The amplitude of the modulation of the probe height significantly affects the spectral composition of the differential terahertz signal, which is directly related to the amplitude and phase of a terahertz wave scattered by the probe-nanoobject system.     

Terahertz radiation from armchair carbon nanotube dipole antenna

This paper investigates the electromagnetic radiation characteristics of a metallic, large aspect ratio single walled carbon nanotube antenna in the terahertz frequency region below 12.5 THz. The key features of terahertz pulse have been revealed on the carbon nanotube antenna in comparison with conventional photoconductive switching. The terahertz waveforms, radiation power and their field distributions have been evaluated and are analysed. The Fourier transformed spectra over the whole frequency range demonstrate that the carbon nanotube antenna can be used as radiation source for broadband terahertz applications.     

Absorption and emission of terahertz radiation in doped GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells

Spontaneous emission of terahertz radiation from structures with GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells in a longitudinal magnetic field has been studied. It is shown that some bands in the emission spectrum can be related to radiative electron transitions between resonant and localized impurity states, as well as to the transitions with participation of subband states. The temperature dependence of the equilibrium intraband absorption of terahertz radiation and its modulation in a longitudinal electric field in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells has been investigated.     

Terahertz generation from electron- and neutron-irradiated semiconductor crystal surfaces

Terahertz generation from the InP, InSb, GaAs and GaSe crystal surfaces excitated by femtosecond laser pulses has been studied. The terahertz spectra emitted from the native crystals and the crystals previously irradiated by high-energy neutrons or electrons have been recorded. Also, a simulation of the terahertz emission process has been performed. A weak terahertz signal generated from the GaSe native surface has been registered. In the case of electron-irradiated GaSe, the signal is increased several fold because of increased laser radiation absorption.     

Manifestations of Radiation Scattering in the Method of Pulsed Terahertz Spectroscopy

The scattering of broadband terahertz pulses on a rough surface of a semi-infinite medium has been analyzed by a modified Monte Carlo method, which takes into account the radiation phase. The results have been compared with a simplified analytic expression that allows generalization in the case of layered media and the presence of volumetric scattering. These results allow a simple way to exclude or reduce the scattering influence on the recovery of the media characteristics in the method of pulse terahertz spectroscopy to be suggested.     

Efficient, tunable, and coherent 0.18-5.27-THz source based on GaSe crystal

Continuously tunable and coherent radiation in the wide range 56.8-1618 mum (0.18-5.27 THz) has been achieved as a novel and promising terahertz source based on collinear phase-matched difference frequency generation in a GaSe crystal. This source has the advantages of high coherence, simplicity for tuning, simple alignment, and stable output. The peak output power for the terahertz radiation reaches 69.4 W at a wavelength of 196 mum (1.53 THz), which corresponds to a photon conversion efficiency of 3.3%. A simple optimization of the design can yield a compact terahertz source.