固相球磨法制备丙烷氧化脱氢V2O5/NiO催化剂

以不同温度焙烧制备的NiO和V2O5为前驱物,采用固相球磨法制备了V2O5/NiO催化剂,考察了前驱物的焙烧温度对该催化剂丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯反应性能的影响,并采用x射线衍射、N2物理吸附、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱、透射电子显微镜、H2程序升温还原和x射线光电子能谱等对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,固相球磨法制备的V2O5/NiO催化剂表现出较好的丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能,当以400℃焙烧的氧化物为前驱体时,V2O5/NiO催化剂表面含有较多的未完全还原氧物种Oδ-,因而表现出了较高的丙烯选择性.在475℃反应时,丙烷转化率可达20.1%,丙烯选择性达到71.2%.     

纳米氧化镍的表面沉积修饰及催化氧化选择性调控应用研究

采用液相沉积表面改性修饰纳米NiO制备NiO@xSi复合材料,利用XRD、SEM、XPS、H₂-TPR分别对样品的物相、形貌尺寸、表面性质、氧化还原能力等进行表征,并研究其在丙烷选择性催化氧化脱氢制丙烯反应中的性能。表征分析结果表明,经表面沉积修饰后,NiO@xSi依然可保持10nm左右的尺寸粒径,表面Si与NiO之间存在强烈的电子相互作用,NiO主体的深度氧化能力有所抑制。在丙烷选择性催化氧化脱氢制丙烯反应中,NiO@xSi表现出较好的丙烯选择性调控能力,以NiO@1.0Si为例在相同活性转化率下表现出优于NiO样品2～3倍的丙烯选择性。该表面沉积修饰策略有助于研究其他选择性催化氧化反应的产物选择性调控。     

The Research of Oxidation of Glyoxal to Glyoxylic Acid over Gold Catalyst

利用沉积-沉淀法和溶液相还原法制备了系列金催化剂,以氧气氧化乙二醛合成乙醛酸为探针反应,进行了反应条件的优化,并通过对催化剂进行XRD、AAS、UV-Vis和XPS表征,分析了影响催化剂活性的因素.结果显示：与沉积-沉淀法相比,采用溶液相还原法制备的催化剂Au/ZrO2（L）,金的实际负载量较高,表现出较高的催化活性,当溶液pH为7.7,反应温度为323 K时,乙醛酸收率达到6.2%.     

金催化剂上乙二醛氧气氧化合成乙醛酸的研究

利用沉积-沉淀法和溶液相还原法制备了系列金催化剂,以氧气氧化乙二醛合成乙醛酸为探针反应,进行了反应条件的优化,并通过对催化剂进行XRD、AAS、UV-Vis和XPS表征,分析了影响催化剂活性的因素.结果显示:与沉积-沉淀法相比,采用溶液相还原法制备的催化剂Au/ZrO2(L),金的实际负载量较高,表现出较高的催化活性,当溶液pH为7.7,反应温度为323 K时,乙醛酸收率达到6.2%.     

纳米Au/TS-1催化剂的制备及用于甲醇羰基化体系

采用负压沉积沉淀法、等体积浸渍法、负压等体积浸渍法等方法制备了纳米Au/TS-1催化剂,研究了深床焙烧和等离子体焙烧,以及焙烧温度和焙烧气氛对催化剂中纳米金粒子大小和催化性能的影响,并采用ICP、TEM、XRD、UV-vis、XPS对催化剂金粒子进行了物化性能表征,采用甲醇羰基化制乙酸甲酯反应表征催化性能.结果表明,不同制备方法、不同焙烧方法、不同焙烧温度和焙烧气氛对负载型纳米Au/TS-1沸石分子筛催化剂中金粒子的大小、形貌、物化性质和催化性能有明显影响.其中,3种制备方法中,氢气气氛下焙烧均比空气和氮气气氛下焙烧得到的催化剂的金粒子尺寸更小,分散更均匀,约为5~10 nm.与其它方法相比,负压沉积沉淀法可制得分散更均匀的金粒子,Au/TS-1沸石催化剂中的金粒子尺寸更小,平均粒径为1~5 nm.催化性能评价结果显示,3种方法制备出的负载型金催化剂用于催化甲醇羰基化制乙酸甲酯反应体系中,甲醇的转化率分别为85%、75%、60%,乙酸甲酯选择性可高达68%,反应温度200℃为最好.     

Ni- Co- Al混合氧化物的制备及其丙烷氧化脱氢催化性能

采用恒定pH共沉淀法制备不同Ni/Co摩尔比的3(Ni_xCo_(1-)_x)-Al类水滑石前驱体, 600℃焙烧得3(Ni_xCo_(1-)_x)Al混合氧化物(MMO)催化剂(x=1, 0.95, 0.90, 0.75, 0.50, 0.25, 0),通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱、 N_2物理吸附-脱附、 X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜表征其组成、表面织构、晶相和微观形貌,考察Ni/Co摩尔比对其丙烷氧化脱氢制丙烯催化性能的影响.结果表明, 3(Ni_(0.90)Co_(0.10))Al MMO催化剂催化性能最佳:丙烯选择性随反应温度升高未发生明显降低,反应温度500℃时丙烷转化率31%、丙烯选择性48%,丙烯收率15%,且催化剂寿命良好.通过X射线光电子能谱、 H_2程序升温还原和原位电导测试研究发现,掺杂少量Co后催化剂表面Ni(II)与Co(II/III)间存在电子交互作用,表面类NiO相分散性提高,晶格氧物种增多,催化剂具有优良的氧化还原可逆性.     

丙烯气相直接环氧化Au/TiO2催化剂的研究

在H2和O2共存条件下，金催化剂催化丙烯气相直接环氧化反应是近年来发展起来的一种新型环氧丙烷(PO)合成技术．本文采用沉积沉淀法制备了一系列Au／TiO2催化剂，考察了反应溶液的pH值、Au负载量、沉淀剂以及焙烧温度等因素对催化剂丙烯环氧化催化性能的影响．结果表明制备条件对催化性能有明显影响：反应溶液的pH值为7．5及Au负载量为2．4％时所得催化剂活性最好；当以Na2CO3、NaOH等含Na^ 物质作为沉淀剂时，催化性能明显优于Li^ 、K^ 等其它碱金属离子；400℃焙烧制得的催化剂活性较好，在50℃低温反应条件下，环氧丙烷得率可达1．3％．HRTEM结果表明，催化剂中Au组分高度分散于载体表面，且随着焙烧温度的增加Au粒因发生聚集而变大，从而影响了催化剂的活性．表面XPS分析证实，活性较好的Au／TiO2催化剂中活性组分Au除部分呈氧化态外，主要是以金属态的形式存在．     

Au/γ-Al2O3的制备与表征及其催化苯甲醛直接酯化

采用直接浸渍-还原法和赖氨酸保护浸渍-还原法制备了γ-Al2O3负载的纳米金催化剂(3%Au/γ-Al2O3),并考察了其在苯甲醛与醇直接酯化反应中的催化性能.在常压无碱条件下,以赖氨酸保护浸渍-还原法制备的Au/γ-Al2O3在苯甲醛与不同脂肪醇直接酯化的反应中表现出优良的催化性能,在该催化剂催化下,苯甲醛与乙醇反应中苯甲醛的转化率可达到94.0%,苯甲酸乙酯选择性为98.5%.通过催化剂的X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)及X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、N2物理吸附-脱附等表征结果分析了影响催化剂性能的因素.结果表明:赖氨酸浸渍还原法制备的Au/γ-Al2O3表面上纳米金粒径小、分散性好.高分散的纳米金颗粒是提高苯甲醛与醇直接酯化反应催化性能的关键因素.     

氢氧混合体系下Ag／TS－1催化剂上丙烯的高效环氧化反应

 在氢氧混合体系中，沉积-沉淀法制备的Ag/TS-1催化剂对丙烯环氧化反应具有高的催化活性和选择性。本文主要考察了载体TS-1的硅钛比和反应温度对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明：当载体TS-1硅钛比为64，反应温度150℃时，2wt%Ag/TS-1催化剂表现出优异的催化性能，丙烯转化率和环氧丙烷选择性可分别达1.37%和93.51%。     

La2O3助剂对Au/TiO2催化肉桂醛选择性加氢性能的影响

以溶胶-凝胶法制得的TiO2和La2O3-TiO2为载体,采用沉积-沉淀法制备了一系列Au催化剂,用于肉桂醛选择性加氢反应,并运用N2吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、高分辨率透射电镜、程序升温还原和X射线光电子能谱等方法对催化剂进行了表征,系统考察了La2O3含量对Au/TiO2催化剂物化性质和催化性能的影响.结果表明,适量L...     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.