Cancellation and absorption of lexicographic powers of totally ordered Abelian groups

Let G and H be totally ordered Abelian groups such that, for some integer k, the lexicographic powers G ^k and H ^k are isomorphic (as ordered groups). It was proved by F. Oger that G and H need not be isomorphic. We show here that they are whenever G is either divisible or ₁ -saturated (and in a few more cases). Our proof relies on a general technique which we also use to prove that G and H must be elementary equivalent as ordered groups (a fact also proved by F. Delon and F. Lucas) and isomorphic as chains. The same technique applies to the question of whether G and H should be isomorphic as groups, but, in this last case, no hint about a possible negative answer seems available.     

The classification problem for S-local torsion-free abelian groups of finite rank

Suppose that n?2 and that S, T are sets of primes. Then the classification problem for the S-local torsion-free abelian groups of rank n is Borel reducible to the classification problem for the T-local torsion-free abelian groups of rank n if and only if S⊆T.     

A New Characterization of the Continuous Functions on a Locale

Within the category W of archimedean lattice-ordered groups with weak order unit, we show that the objects of the form C(L), the set of continuous real-valued functions on a locale L, are precisely those which are divisible and complete with respect to a variant of uniform convergence, here termed indicated uniform convergence. We construct the corresponding completion of a W-object A purely algebraically in terms of Cauchy sequences. This completion can be variously described as c³A, the ``closed under countable composition hull of A,' as C(Y_lA), where Y_lA is the Yosida locale of A, and as the largest essential reflection of A.     

The direction of an automorphism of a totally disconnected locally compact group

We describe the asymptotic behavior of automorphisms of totally disconnected locally compact groups in terms of a set of `directions' which comes equipped with a natural pseudo-metric. The structure at infinity obtained by completing the induced metric quotient space of the set of directions recovers familiar objects such as: the set of ends of the tree for the group of inner automorphisms of the group of isometries of a regular locally finite tree; and the spherical Bruhat-Tits building for the group of inner automorphisms of the set of rational points of a semisimple group over a local field. Research supported by A.R.C. Grant DP0208137.     

Orthomodular lattices in ordered vector spaces

In a partly ordered space the orthogonality relation is defined by incomparability. We define integrally open and integrally semi-open ordered real vector spaces. We prove: if an ordered real vector space is integrally semi-open, then a complete lattice of double orthoclosed sets is orthomodular. An integrally open concept is closely related to an open set in the Euclidean topology in a finite dimensional ordered vector space. We prove: if V is an ordered Euclidean space, then V is integrally open and directed (and is also Archimedean) if and only if its positive cone, without vertex 0, is an open set in the Euclidean topology (and also the family of all order segments , a < b, is a base for the Euclidean topology). Received January 7, 2005; accepted in final form November 26, 2005.     

Linear groups with rank restrictions on the subgroups of infinite central dimension

The authors study linear groups of infinite central dimension and of infinite p-rank all of whose proper subgroups of infinite p-rank are of finite central dimension.     

Invariance of Fock spaces under the action of the Heisenberg group

We show that there is only one non-trivial Hilbert space of entire functions that is invariant under the action of a certain unitary representation of the Heisenberg group.     

Orthocomplemented lattices in ordered groups

On a partially ordered set G the orthogonality relation is defined by incomparability and is a complete orthocomplemented lattice of double orthoclosed sets. We will prove that the atom space of the lattice has the same order structure as G. Thus if G is a partially ordered set (an ordered group, or an ordered vector space), then is a canonically partially ordered set (an ordered quotient group, or an ordered quotient vector space, respectively). We will also prove: if G is an ordered group with a positive cone P, then the lattice has the covering property iff , where g is an element of G and M is the intersection of all maximal subgroups contained in . Received August 1, 2006; accepted in final form May 29, 2007.     

The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of large random matrices

We consider the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of finite, low rank perturbations of random matrices. Specifically, we prove almost sure convergence of the extreme eigenvalues and appropriate projections of the corresponding eigenvectors of the perturbed matrix for additive and multiplicative perturbation models.The limiting non-random value is shown to depend explicitly on the limiting eigenvalue distribution of the unperturbed random matrix and the assumed perturbation model via integral transforms that correspond to very well-known objects in free probability theory that linearize non-commutative free additive and multiplicative convolution. Furthermore, we uncover a phase transition phenomenon whereby the large matrix limit of the extreme eigenvalues of the perturbed matrix differs from that of the original matrix if and only if the eigenvalues of the perturbing matrix are above a certain critical threshold. Square root decay of the eigenvalue density at the edge is sufficient to ensure that this threshold is finite. This critical threshold is intimately related to the same aforementioned integral transforms and our proof techniques bring this connection and the origin of the phase transition into focus. Consequently, our results extend the class of ‘spiked’ random matrix models about which such predictions (called the BBP phase transition) can be made well beyond the Wigner, Wishart and Jacobi random ensembles found in the literature. We examine the impact of this eigenvalue phase transition on the associated eigenvectors and observe an analogous phase transition in the eigenvectors. Various extensions of our results to the problem of non-extreme eigenvalues are discussed.     

The topology of moduli spaces of group representations: The case of compact surface

Let G be a connected complex semisimple affine algebraic group, and let K be a maximal compact subgroup of G. Let X be a noncompact oriented surface. The main theorem of Florentino and Lawton (2009) [3] says that the moduli space of flat K-connections on X is a strong deformation retraction of the moduli space of flat G-connections on X. We prove that this statement fails whenever X is compact of genus at least two.     

Subgroup separability of the figure 8 knot group

It is shown that the fundamental groups of certain non-positively curved 2-complexes have the property that their quasiconvex subgroups are the intersections of finite index subgroups.As a consequence, every geometrically finite subgroup of the figure 8 knot group is the intersection of finite index subgroups. The same result holds for many other prime alternating link groups.     

Separation of representations with quadratic overgroups

Any unitary irreducible representation π of a Lie group G defines a moment set Iπ, subset of the dual g^? of the Lie algebra of G. Unfortunately, Iπ does not characterize π. If G is exponential, there exists an overgroup G⁺ of G, built using real-analytic functions on g^?, and extensions π⁺ of any generic representation π to G⁺ such that Iπ⁺ characterizes π.In this paper, we prove that, for many different classes of group G, G admits a quadratic overgroup: such an overgroup is built with the only use of linear and quadratic functions.     

A note on linear permutation polynomials

Kai Zhou (2008) [8] gave an explicit representation of the class of linear permutation polynomials and computed the number of them. In this paper, we give a simple proof of the above results.     

On the Kurosh rank of the intersection of subgroups in free products of groups

The Kurosh rank rK(H) of a subgroup H of a free product of groups Gα, α∈I, is defined accordingly to the classic Kurosh subgroup theorem as the number of free factors of H. We prove that if H₁, H₂ are subgroups of and H₁, H₂ have finite Kurosh rank, then , where , q^∗ is the minimum of orders >2 of finite subgroups of groups Gα, α∈I, q^∗:=∞ if there are no such subgroups, and if q^∗=∞. In particular, if the factors Gα, α∈I, are torsion-free groups, then .     

The normal subgroup lattice of 2-transitive automorphism groups of linearly ordered sets

Using combinatorial and model-theoretic means, we examine the structure of normal subgroup lattices N(A()) of 2-transitive automorphism groups A() of infinite linearly ordered sets (, ). Certain natural sublattices of N(A()) are shown to be Stone algebras, and several first order properties of their dense and dually dense elements are characterized within the Dedekind-completion of (, ). As a consequence, A() has either precisely 5 or at least 2²¹ (even maximal) normal subgroups, and various other group- and lattice-theoretic results follow.     

Lower classes of the Riemann–Liouville process

Let be a Riemann–Liouville process with index H>0. We characterize the lower classes of its sup-norm statistic by a unique integral test and thus measure the influence of the non-stationarity of increments.     

Jacquet modules and Dirac cohomology

We show that Dirac cohomology of the Jacquet module of a Harish-Chandra module is a Harish-Chandra module for the corresponding Levi subgroup. We obtain an explicit formula of Dirac cohomology of the Jacquet module for most of the principal series, based on our determination of Dirac cohomology of irreducible generalized Verma modules with regular infinitesimal characters.     

Extended Deligne–Lusztig varieties for general and special linear groups

We give a generalisation of Deligne–Lusztig varieties for general and special linear groups over finite quotients of the ring of integers in a non-archimedean local field. Previously, a generalisation was given by Lusztig by attaching certain varieties to unramified maximal tori inside Borel subgroups. In this paper we associate a family of so-called extended Deligne–Lusztig varieties to all tamely ramified maximal tori of the group.Moreover, we analyse the structure of various generalised Deligne–Lusztig varieties, and show that the “unramified” varieties, including a certain natural generalisation, do not produce all the irreducible representations in general. On the other hand, we prove results which together with some computations of Lusztig show that for SL₂(Fq???/(?²)), with odd q, the extended Deligne–Lusztig varieties do indeed afford all the irreducible representations.