液态电极等离子体发射光谱技术检测金属离子的研究应用

快速准确的金属离子检测是涉及多个学科领域及检测技术的研究课题,文章综述了液体电极等离子体发射光谱技术在金属离子检测领域的研究及应用。首先介绍了基于电化学原理的电极法,包括离子选择性电极及阳极溶出法,及基于原子吸收或发射光谱等检测金属离子常用方法技术的原理及优缺点;然后阐述了基于等离子体的液体电极光谱技术的原理及特点,包括等离子体的产生机理、光谱特点以及其检测技术的优势;并按照液态电极数目及放电系统结构分成单液态电极及双液态电极放电系统两类,重点介绍了液态电极发射光谱技术的发展历程及研究进展,其中详细说明了ELCAD、SCGD、LS-APGD及毛细管放电等电解质放电系统的结构及特点;利用液态电极等离子体发射光谱技术,对铜、汞、银等重金属以及钠、钾、镁等活泼金属离子的检测限可达μg·L-1。最后探讨了该技术应用于检测金属离子的优势及存在的问题,并展望了其应用前景。     

ICASI'2012,CCATM'2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会征文通知

为促进全球范围内冶金及材料分析测试技术、优化冶金制造流程与产品的过程检测,国际钢铁工业分析委员会、中国金属学会(CSM)及中国机械工程学会(CMES)将于2012年10月31日-11月3日在国家会议中心(北京)联合举办ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会。热忱欢迎冶金、材料、矿山、化工、机械、地质、环保、外贸、国防、商检等单位、部门或院校从事冶金分析、无损检测、物理及力学测试等相关工作的技术人员及管理者踊跃投稿,积极参加。     

ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会征文通知

为促进全球范围内冶金及材料分析测试技术、优化冶金制造流程与产品的过程检测,国际钢铁工业分析委员会、中国金属学会(CSM)及中国机械工程学会(CMES)将于2012年10月31日-11月3日在"国家会议中心(北京)"联合举办ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会。热忱欢迎冶金、材料、矿山、化工、机械、地质、环保、外贸、国防、商检等单位、部门或院校从事冶金分析、无损检测、物理及力学测试等相关工作的技术人员及管理者踊跃投稿,积极参加。时间/地点     

突破绝对时空观人类认识深入到高速与宇观世界（下）——科学发展的人文历程漫话之十四

考察了突破绝对时空观,人类认识深入到宇观世界,建立广义相对论及宇宙图景的曲折过程及思想观念的艰难转变,包括牛顿的宇宙模型及其困难的分析、从狭义相对论到广义相对论的转化、引力场方程的建立、静态宇宙模型的提出及问题、宇宙膨胀的提出及发现、大爆炸宇宙论的提出及不同反应．     

ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会征文通知

为促进全球范围内冶金及材料分析测试技术、优化冶金制造流程与产品的过程检测,国际钢铁工业分析委员会、中国金属学会(CSM)及中国机械工程学会(CMES)将于2012年10月31日-11月3日在"国家会议中心(北京)"联合举办ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会。热忱欢迎冶金、材料、矿山、化工、机械、地质、环保、外贸、国防、商检等单位、部门或院校从事冶金分析、无损检测、物理及力学测试等相关工作的技术人员及管理者踊跃投稿,积极参加。     

ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会征文通知

为促进全球范围内冶金及材料分析测试技术、优化冶金制造流程与产品的过程检测,国际钢铁工业分析委员会、中国金属学会(CSM)及中国机械工程学会(CMES)将于2012年10月31日-11月3日在"国家会议中心(北京)"联合举办ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会。热忱欢迎冶金、材料、矿山、化工、机械、地质、环保、外贸、国防、商检等单位、部门或院校从事冶金分析、无损检测、物理及力学测试等相关工作的技术人员及管理者踊跃投稿,积极参加。     

材料学科研究进展

1核材料 金属铀及合金广泛应用于核工程，金属铀及合金的性能、与活性介质的作用、表面防护一直是备受关注的问题。主要开展了铀及合金的动态性能、加工工艺及表面性能表征研究，取得了明显进展。     

ICASI’2012,CCATM’2012国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会征文通知

为促进全球范围内冶金及材料分析测试技术、优化冶金制造流程与产品的过程检测,国际钢铁工业分析委员会、中国金属学会(CSM)及中国机械工程学会(CMES)将于2012年10月31日-11月3日在"国家会议中心(北京)"联合举办国际冶金及材料分析测试学术报告会及展览会。热忱欢迎冶金、材料、矿山、化工、机械、地     

车载智能充电器的设计与实现

设计一款车载智能充电器,根据电池容量、当前电压值及电池温度调节充电电流、充电电压及充电时间;并通过充电器闭环拓扑反馈系统实时评估电池状态、对充电流程及模式进行动态调整,确保充电最优化及效率最大化。文章根据车载电池使用说明及充电需求,提出一种智能充电流程,并重新设计工作模式与功能,对充电器的软件及硬件系统进行探索开发。实验结果表明智能充电器不仅可提高充电效率,对电池的寿命维护及安全使用都有巨大改善。     

飞机及分系统雷电效应标准及测试浅析

对国内外关军用及民用飞机平台、分系统及设备雷电标准进行分析,针对雷电直接效应和雷电间接效应的所有测试项目,详述每个测试项目的适用区域、波形要求、测试配置等。结合现有国内雷电设计验证标准及测试存在的不足,提出提升测试设备与试验验证技术匹配性、扩展军用标准测试领域、统一同军种同一平台要求等建议。通过对军用机载平台、设备及分系统关于雷电设计验证标准及测试的分析,为相关产品设计师及试验人员提供设计指标参考,明确产品关于雷电防护的设计要求及验证要求,做到有的放矢,提高设计费效比。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.