Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the interaction of bleomycinA_5 with nucleic acids and its analytical application

The interaction of bleomycinA5 with nucleic acids has been investigated by using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), molecular absorption and fluorescence spectra. The result shows that in near pH 2.2 buffer medium and absence of any metal ions, nucleic acids are capable of binding with bleomycinA5 (BLMA5) to form complexes which can remarkably enhance the RRS intensity and result in batho- chromic and hyperchromic molecular absorption of nucleic acids and fluorescence quenching of bleomycinA5. The RRS spectral characteristics for the binding products of bleomycinA5 with various DNA and RNA are similar, and the maximum RRS peaks are at 301 nm for ctDNA and sDNA, 370 nm for hsDNA, 310 nm for RNAtypeVI and RNAtypeIII, respectively. The increments of RRS intensity are greatly different in which DNA enhances greatly and RNA enhances lightly. In this work, the optimum condi- tions of the interaction and some influencing factors have been investigated. The reaction mechanism and a binding model for the interaction of BLMA5 with the nucleic acids are discussed. In addition, a highly sensitive, simple and rapid new method for the determination of DNA has been developed. The detection limits (3σ) are 5.7 ng/mL for ctDNA, 7.4 ng/mL for sDNA and 9.2 ng/mL for hsDNA, respectively. The method can be applied to determination of trace amounts of DNA.     

Resonance light scattering spectroscopy study of interaction between gold colloid and thiamazole and its analytical application

In this paper, we used resonance light scattering (RLS) spectroscopy to study the interaction between thiol-containing pharmaceutical-thiamazole and gold colloid. At pH 5.2, the resonance light scattering spectrum of gold nanoparticles has a maximum peak at 555 nm and the RLS intensity is enhanced by trace amount of thiamazole due to the interaction between thiamazole and gold colloid. The binding of colloidal gold to thiamazole results in ligand-induced aggregation of colloidal gold, which was characterized by RLS spectrum, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Based upon the study, we proposed a highly sensitive, gold colloid-based assay using RLS spectrum to detect pharmaceuticals for the first time. The mechanism of binding interaction between Au colloid and thiamazole was also discussed.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of interaction of heparin with some cationic surfactants and their analytical application

Binding of heparin with a cationic surfactant such as cetyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride (CDBAC), tetradecyldimethyl benzylammonium chloride (Zeph), cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), tetradecane pyridinium bromide (TPB) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in a near-neutral medium can result in a significant enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensities. The results showed that the reaction conditions and RRS spectral characteristics of these reactions are similar, but their sensitivities are obviously different. Among them, the sensitivity of CDBAC with an aryl and large molecular weight is the highest, while that of CTAB without aryl and with small molecular weight is the lowest. The detection limit for heparin of the former is 11 ng ml(-1) while that of the latter is 33 ng ml(-1). The method has better selectivity and was applied to the determination of trace amounts of heparin in sodium heparin injection samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, it is discovered that the RRS intensity is related to the structure and molecular weight of the cationic surfactant.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the reaction of nucleic acids with thionine and its analytical application

Resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) of the thionine (TH)-nucleic acids system and its analytical application have been studied. In pH 2.2 acidic buffer medium, some nucleic acids can react with TH to form TH-nucleic acids complex. This results in a great enhancement of RRS and the appearance of new RRS spectra. The RRS spectral characteristics of TH-ctDNA system, the affecting factors and the optimum conditions of the reaction have been investigated. The enhancement of the RRS signal is directly proportional to the concentration of nucleic acids in the range 0-10.0 microg/ml for calf thymus DNA and 0-15.0 microg/ml for yeast RNA, and its detection limits (3sigma) are 3.5 ng/ml for calf thymus DNA and 4.9 ng/ml for yeast RNA, respectively. The method shows a wide linear range and high sensitivity, and was applied to the determination of trace amounts of nucleic acid in synthetic samples and practical samples with satisfactory results. The bind properties for the interactions of TH with ctDNA were investigated using a Scatchard plot based on the measurement of the enhanced RRS data at 340 nm, and the binding number and intrinsic binding constant are 4.9 and 2.6 x 10(5) mol/dm(3), respectively.     

功能性Cu-PVK纳米微球与核酸相互作用的共振光散射光谱及分析应用

在超声辐射下,H2O2氧化降解聚乙烯醇（PVA）,制得与Cu^2＋形成配位体的纳米尺寸的β-二酮型高分子微球（Cu-PVK）。对Cu-PVK的共振散射光（RLS）性质研究发现Cu-PVK与核酸形成缔合物时将导致Cu-PVK本身RLS信号急剧增加,基于此建立一种用RLS信号测定痕量核酸的新方法。方法的抗干扰能力强,已用于合成样品的分析。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the interaction of bleomycinA<Subscript>5</Subscript> with nucleic acids and its analytical application

The interaction of bleomycinA5 with nucleic acids has been investigated by using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), molecular absorption and fluorescence spectra. The result shows that in near pH 2.2 buffer medium and absence of any metal ions, nucleic acids are capable of binding with bleomycinA5 (BLMA5) to form complexes which can remarkably enhance the RRS intensity and result in bathochromic and hyperchromic molecular absorption of nucleic acids and fluorescence quenching of bleomycinA5. The RRS spectral characteristics for the binding products of bleomycinA5 with various DNA and RNA are similar, and the maximum RRS peaks are at 301 nm for ctDNA and sDNA, 370 nm for hsDNA, 310 nm for RNAtypeVI and RNAtypeIII, respectively. The increments of RRS intensity are greatly different in which DNA enhances greatly and RNA enhances lightly. In this work, the optimum conditions of the interaction and some influencing factors have been investigated. The reaction mechanism and a binding model for the interaction of BLMA5 with the nucleic acids are discussed. In addition, a highly sensitive, simple and rapid new method for the determination of DNA has been developed. The detection limits (3σ) are 5.7 ng/mL for ctDNA, 7.4 ng/mL for sDNA and 9.2 ng/mL for hsDNA, respectively. The method can be applied to determination of trace amounts of DNA.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra, non-linear scattering spectra of tetracaine hydrochloride-erythrosin system and its analytical application

The interaction between erythrosine (ET) and tetracaine hydrochloride (TA) was studied by resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), frequency doubling scattering (FDS) and second-order scattering (SOS) combining with absorption spectrum. In a weak acidic medium of Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer solution of pH 4.5, erythrosine reacted with tetracaine hydrochloride to form 1:1 ion-association complex. As a result, the new spectra of RRS, SOS and FDS appeared and their intensities enhanced greatly. The maximum peaks of RRS, SOS and FDS were at 342 nm, 680 nm and 380 nm, respectively. The intensities of the three scattering were directly proportional to the concentration of TA in the range of 0.008-4.2 microg mL(-1) for RRS, 0.027-4.2 microg mL(-1) for SOS and 0.041-4.2 microg mL(-1) for FDS. The methods had very high sensitivities and good selectivities, and the detection limits were 0.003 microg mL(-1) for RRS, 0.008 microg mL(-1) for SOS and 0.012 microg mL(-1) for FDS, respectively. Therefore, a new method was developed to determinate trace amounts of TA. The recovery for the determination of TA in blood serum and urine samples was between 97.0% and 103.8%. In this study, mean polarizability was calculated by AM1 quantum chemistry method. In addition, the reasons for the enhancement of scattering spectra and the energy transfer between absorption, fluorescence and RRS were discussed.     

Supramolecular interaction of ethylenediamine linked beta-cyclodextrin dimer and berberine hydrochloride by spectrofluorimetry and its analytical application

The supramolecular interaction of β-cyclodextrin dimer with berberine hydrochloride was studied in aqueous KH₂PO₄-H₃PO₄ buffer solution of pH 2.00 at room temperature by spectrofluorimetry. The apparent association constant of the complex was 1.53 × 10⁴ L mol⁻¹. Based on the significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity of supramolecular sandwich complexes, a spectrofluorimetric method with high sensitivity and selectivity was developed for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in aqueous solution in presence of ethylenediamine linked β-CD dimer. The linear range of the method was 12.8-1.00 × 10⁴ ng mL⁻¹ with the detection limit 3.6 ng mL⁻¹. There was no interference from the normally used in tablets and serum constituents. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of berberine hydrochloride in tablets and serum. And then it has a promising potential in therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmokinetis and clinical application.     

Resonance light scattering spectroscopy study of interaction between norfloxacin and calf thymus DNA and its analytical application

The interaction between norfloxacin and calf thymus double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) has been studied by a resonance light scattering (RLS) technique with a common spectrofluorometer. The characteristics of RLS spectra, the effective factors and optimum conditions of the reaction have been investigated. In Britton-Robinson (BR) buffer (pH 5.87), norfloxacin has a maximum peak 405.5 nm and the RLS intensity is remarkably enhanced by trace amount of calf thymus dsDNA due to the interaction between norfloxacin and dsDNA. The binding of norfloxacin to DNA forms large particles, which were characterized by RLS spectrum, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrum, and fluorescence spectrum. Based on the enhanced RLS intensity, a novel method for sensitive determination of calf thymus dsDNA concentration ranging from 0.02 to 2.3 microg ml(-1) was developed. The determination limit (3 sigma) was 1.2 ng ml(-1). The method is simple, rapid, practical and relatively free from interference generated by coexisting substance, as well as much more sensitive than most of the reported methods. Three synthetic samples of ctDNA were determined with satisfactory results.     

中性红与透明质酸钠相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱及其分析应用

在pH 4.3～5.2的B-R缓冲溶液中,中性红与透明质酸钠作用形成离子缔合物时导致溶液共振瑞利散射(RRS)大大增强并产生新的RRS光谱,其最大散射峰位于328 nm处,另在605 nm处有一个较弱的散射峰.透明质酸钠质量浓度在0～2.5 mg/L范围内,与RRS强度有良好的线性关系.据此,建立了新的测定透明质酸钠的分析方法.该法的检出限(3σ)为25.9 ng/mL,并已用于滴眼液和化妆水中透明质酸钠的测定.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering, second-order scattering and frequency doubling scattering spectra for studying the interaction of erythrosine with Fe(phen)3(2+) and its analytical application

In a weak alkaline Britton-Robinson buffer medium, erythrosine (Ery) can react with Fe(phen)(3)(2+) to form 1:1 ion-association complex, which will cause not only the changes of the absorption spectra, but also the remarkable enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), second-order scattering (SOS) and frequency doubling scattering (FDS) spectra, and the appearance of new spectra of RRS, SOS and FDS. The maximum RRS, SOS and FDS wavelengths (λ(ex)/λ(em)) of the ion-association complex are located at 358/358 nm, 290/580 nm and 780/390 nm, respectively. The increments of scattering intensities (ΔI) are directly proportional to the concentration of Ery in a certain range. The detection limits for Ery are 0.028 μg mL(-1) for RRS method, 0.068 μg mL(-1) for SOS method and 0.11 μg mL(-1) for FDS method, respectively. Among them, the RRS method has the highest sensitivity. Based on the above researches, a new highly sensitive and simple method for the determination of Ery has been developed. In this work, the spectral characteristics of absorption, RRS, SOS and FDS spectra, the optimum conditions of the reaction and influencing factors for the RRS, SOS and FDS intensities were investigated. In addition, the reaction mechanism was discussed.     

Study on the interaction between palladium(II)-chlorpromazine hydrochloride and sodium tungstate by the resonance Rayleigh scattering, second-order scattering and frequency doubling scattering spectra and its analytical application

The interaction between palladium(II)-chlorpromazine hydrochloride and sodium tungstate was investigated by ultravioletvisible absorption,resonance Rayleigh scattering(RRS),second-order scattering(SOS)and frequency doubling scattering (FDS)spectroscopy.In pH 5.3 Britton-Robinson(BR)buffer medium,chlorpromazine hydrochloride(CPZ)reacted with Pd(II) to form 2:1 cationic chelate,which further reacted with Na2WO4 to form a 1:1 ternary ion-association complex ([Pd(CPZ)2]·WO4).As a result,the signal intensities o...     

金纳米微粒作探针共振瑞利散射光谱法测定盐酸异丙嗪

在pH 1.8～3.0的酸性介质中,质子化的盐酸异丙嗪(PMZ)可与带负电荷的金纳米微粒依靠静电和疏水作用相互结合,导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度显著增强,其最大散射峰位于368 nm,并在284,440,498 nm处有明显的散射峰,在选定的测量波长下,盐酸异丙嗪在0.04～0.10μg/mL的浓度范围内与RRS强度成正比,该法具有高的灵敏度,其检出限为1.34 ng/mL。考察了体系的RRS光谱特征,研究了适宜的反应条件、影响因素,研究了共存物质的影响,据此建立了金纳米微粒作探针RRS法测定盐酸异丙嗪的新方法。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering, frequency doubling scattering and second-order scattering spectra of the heparin-crystal violet system and their analytical application

In pH 6.0-11.2 Britton-Robinson buffer solution, binding of heparin with crystal violet (CV) can result in a significant enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) and resonance non-linear scattering, such as frequency doubling scattering (FDS) and second-order scattering (SOS). Their maximum scattering wavelengths, λ_ex/λ_em, appear at 492 nm/492 nm for RRS, 984 nm/492 nm for FDS and 492 nm/984 nm for SOS, respectively. The optimum conditions of the reaction, the influencing factors and the relationship between the three scattering intensities and the concentration of heparin have been investigated. New methods for the determination of trace amounts of heparin based on the RRS, FDS and SOS methods have been developed. The methods exhibit high sensitivities, the detection limit for heparin is 2.9 ng ml⁻¹ for the RRS method, 3.5 ng ml⁻¹ for the FDS method and 3.3 ng ml⁻¹ for the SOS method. The methods have good selectivity and were applied to the determination of heparin in heparin sodium injection samples with satisfactory results.     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectrum for the chelate of lanthanum(III) with sodium tanshinon IIA silate and its analytical application

In a pH 3.6–5.0 HAc-NaAc buffer solution, when sodium tanshinon IIA silate (STSIIA) reacts with La(III) to form a chelate, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) intensity can be enhanced greatly and a new RRS spectrum will appear. The maximum RRS peak is located at 306 nm and the RRS intensity is proportional to the concentration of STSIIA in a certain range. The method is very sensitive and the detection limit for STSIIA (3σ/K) is 82.12 ng·mL⁻¹. The optimum reaction conditions and the effect of coexisting substances have been investigated. A new, simple and fast method for the determination of STSIIA based on RRS method is developed. It can be applied to the determination of STSIIA in the synthesis samples and Nuoxinkang injection. Combined with infrared absorption and NMR spectra, the structure of the chelate and the reasons of RRS enhancement are also discussed.     

The resonance Rayleigh scattering of the interaction of copper(II)-bleomycinA2 with DNA and its analytical application

The forming of bleomycinA2-Cu(II) cationic chelate and the interaction of the chelate with DNA have been investigated by using resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS), molecular absorption and fluorescence spectra. The result shows that in aqueous solution, bleomycinA2 (BLMA2) can react with Cu(II) to form 1:1 cationic chelate which contributes to the changes of the absorption spectra and the quenched fluorescence of BLMA2. When the cationic chelate further bound with DNA to form ternary ion-association complexes, the remarkable enhancement of the RRS intensity was observed. In this work, the optimum conditions for the coordination reaction of BLMA2 with Cu(II) and some influencing factors have been investigated. The reaction mechanism of BLMA2-Cu(II) binding with DNA was suggested and a binding model was proposed. In addition, the fluorescence quenching type of BLMA2 was investigated. A highly sensitive, simple and rapid new method for the determination of DNA by using BLMA2-Cu(II) as RRS probe has been developed. The detection limits (3σ) are 7.2 ng/mL for ctDNA, 7.1 ng/mL for sDNA and 18 ng/mL for hsDNA. The method can be applied to the determination of trace amounts of DNA.     

花菁-脱氧核糖核酸的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了一种苯并噻唑阳离子花菁与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)作用的共振光散射光谱,在pH 6.0的六次甲基四胺-HCl缓冲介质中,痕量DNA的加入使花菁在590nm的共振光散射强度显著增强。在最佳实验条件下,增强的共振光散射强度与DNA浓度具有良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种测定DNA的共振光散射光谱法。方法的线性范围为:小牛胸腺DNA(CT DNA),0～20μg/mL,鱼精子DNA(FS DNA),0～15μg/mL;检出限分别为0.005μg/mL和0.008μg/mL。该方法已用于合成样品中DNA的测定。     

Resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra, non-linear scattering spectra of malachite green-12-tungstophosphoric acid system and its analytical application in fish

In 0.1 molL(-1) (pH 1.0) HCl medium, 12-tungstophosphoric acid (TP) reacted with malachite green (MG) to form an ion-association complex. As a result, the new spectra of RRS, SOS and FDS appeared and their intensities were enhanced greatly. The maximum wavelengths of RRS, SOS and FDS were located at 334 nm, 586 nm and 330 nm, and the scattering intensities were proportional to the concentration of MG. Based on it a new method for the determination of MG has been established. The detection limits (3σ) of these methods were in the range of 3.7-27 ng mL(-1). The RRS, SOS, and FDS characteristics, absorption spectrum characteristics and optimum reaction conditions of the system were discussed. Effects of coexistent substances were tested, and the results demonstrated that this method had good selectivity. It has been applied to the determination of malachite green residues in fish flesh with satisfactory results. The reaction mechanism and reasons of RRS enhancement are discussed.     

四羧基铝酞菁与硫酸庆大霉素相互作用的共振散射光谱及其分析应用

在弱酸性介质中, 四羧基铝酞菁和硫酸庆大霉素本身的共振散射(RLS)均较弱, 但两者相互作用形成离子缔合物时, RLS显著增强, 在350～500 nm之间有一个强散射带, 最大散射峰位于401 nm. 而且散射强度与硫酸庆大霉素的浓度成正比, 可用于硫酸庆大霉素的定量测定, 线性范围为0.025～1.5 μg/mL, 检出限0.018 μg/mL. 方法可用于市售硫酸庆大霉素注射液含量的测定.     

Study on the interaction of trypsin with some DNAs and their analytical application by resonance Rayleigh scattering spectra

When trypsin reacts with Herring sperm DNA (hsDNA), Salmon sperm DNA (sDNA), and Calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) to form a complex, the resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) was remarkably enhanced and new RRS spectra appear. These new spectra have similar characteristics of RRS spectra. The maximum RRS peaks are at 307 nm (hsDNA, sDNA) and 290 nm (ctDNA), and other peaks are at 350 nm. The scattering intensity is proportional to the concentration of DNA or trypsin; so this intereaction can be used to determine trypsin using DNA or DNA using trypsin. In the determination of DNA using trypsin, the linear ranges for hsDNA, sDNA, and ctDNA are 0–2.3, 0–2.5, and 0–1.9 μg·mL⁻¹, and the detection limits are 0.4, 0.7, and 1.1 ng·mL⁻¹, respectively. In the determination of trypsin using hsDNA, the linear range is 0–30.0 μg·mL⁻¹, and the detection limit is 39.0 ng·mL⁻¹. In this paper, the intereaction conditions were optimized. The affecting factors, chemical properties of the complex, and the composition ratio of trypsin with DNA were investigated. Using trypsin as RRS probe, a sensitive method for the determination of trace amounts of DNA was developed. Translated from Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities, 2006, 27(3) (in Chinese)