分析化学实验教学改革的几点建议

针对分析化学实验教学的现状,提出了分析化学实验教学改革的几点建议。改革实验教学内容,增加综合性和设计性实验;改革实验教学方法,弱化教师和课本的作用,增加学生的主动性;统筹安排实验课和理论课,力求2课进度基本一致;完善实验考核机制等,以培养适应社会需求的现代大学生。     

电分析化学实验教学改革探索与实践——以伏安法实验为例

以伏安法实验教学为例,分析探讨了电分析化学实验教学的改革历程。改革后的实验内容融入了先进的实验技术,增强了其应用性和体验性;改进后的实验项目紧扣社会需求,实用性强,有效地提高了学生对电分析化学实验的学习兴趣和实验教学效果。     

分析化学实验教学改革与实践

建立了多层次分析化学实验教学体系,并在此基础上优化教学内容,改革教学方法和考核方法,为建立以培养学生的综合素质和创新意识为目标的分析化学实验教学模式提供借鉴。     

分析化学实验教学管理系统功能及原理

分析化学实验教学管理系统将分析化学试验成绩分为三部分：实验成绩、实验报告成绩和印象成绩；设置了对实验数据进行统计分析、自行评定成绩和综合测评功能。实现了定量分析化学实验教学的系统化管理。为实验教学改革及教学内容更新、教学效果自检奠定了基础。     

农科分析化学实验教材和课程特点

本文介绍了农科分析化学实验教材《半微量分析化学实验》的特点及改革后的分析化学实验教学特色。通过新的教学模式的实施,实现对学生综合能力的培养。     

关于分析化学实验教学的改革

从分析化学实验教学的现状，提出分成规范化操作训练、观察验证和设计性实验三个阶段。介绍了实验教学改革的实践。     

师专分析化学实验课程改革的探索与实践

本文从师专分析化学实验教学的现状 ,提出了优化课程结构 ,精选实验内容 ,改进教学方法 ,规范操作训练和严格考核制度等改革措施。并简要介绍了实验教学改革的实践效果     

基于微课的翻转课堂教学模式在分析化学实验教学中的探索

分析化学实验是大学化学实验的重要内容,是分析化学课程学习中不可缺少的组成部分。为了提高分析化学实验教学质量,提升学生动手能力、分析问题和解决问题的能力以及创新能力,解决传统教学模式存在的主要问题,对分析化学实验教学模式进行了改革探索。将以微课为基础的翻转课堂教学模式引入到分析化学实验中,激发学生的实验热情,提高学生综合实验技能,巩固基础理论知识,培养了科学研究思维,真正实现创新性人才培养目标。     

高职无机及分析化学实验教学改革探讨

简要阐述了高职院校无机及分析化学实验教学中存在的主体地位不突出、教学模式陈旧、师资力量薄弱、忽视职业素质培养等问题,提出转变教学思想、开展岗位调查、整合教学内容、改革教学策略、改进考核方法等具体的改革思路。认为高职无机及分析化学实验教学应以培养学生职业素质为核心。     

分析化学重点课程建设的探索实践与体会

从师资队伍建设,课程目标制定,教学方法、课程内容和体系改革,网络课程平台建设,实验教学改革等方面人手对分析化学重点课程建设进行了探索和实践。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。