共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
Preparation of Pt/C Catalyst with Solid Phase Reaction Method 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The Pt/C catalyst was prepared with solid phase reaction method (Pt/C(S)) for the first time.Its Performances were compared with that prepared by the traditional liquid phase reaction method. The results demonstrate that the electrocatalytic activity of Pt/C catalyst with solid phase reaction method for methanol oxidation is higher than that with liquid phase reaction method. XRD and TEM measurements indicate that the Pt/C(S) possesses low crystalline extent and small particle size. 相似文献
2.
Feng PengDepartment of Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China 《天然气化学杂志》2003,12(1):31-36
The direct carbonylation of methanol, without any halide in the feed as a promoter, is presented. A series of Mo catalysts supported on activated carbon, y-Al2O3 and SiO2 were prepared. The results show that the support greatly affects the Mo catalyst in the direct vapor-phase carbonylation of methanol, and activated carbon is the best supports of the investigated supports. In addition, the relationships between adsorptions of NH3 and CO and carbonylation of methanol were investigated. A novel sulfided Mo/C catalyst had high activity and selectivity for the vapor phase carbonylation of methanol to methyl acetate without the addition of a CH3I promoter to the feed. The reaction conditions were optimized at a reaction temperature of 573 K, a methanol concentration of 23 mol% and a carbon monoxide space velocity of 3,000 L/(kg-h). Under these optimal conditions a methanol conversion of 50%, carbonylation selectivity of 80 mol%, and space-time yield of 8.0 mol/(kg-h) were obtained. The active phase of this 相似文献
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高分散直接甲醇燃料电池Pt/C阴极电催化剂的制备过程机理与表征 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
通过调变的多元醇法制备了40%Pt/C直接甲醇燃料电池阴极电催化剂,应用透射电镜(TEM)及X射线衍射(XRD)方法表征催化剂.结果表明,由该制备方法可得到高分散,金属粒子粒径分布窄的高载量贵金属催化剂.TEM统计结果表明,调变多元醇法制备的40%Pt/C催化剂的金属粒子平均粒径约为2.9nm.直接甲醇燃料电池单池性能测试表明,该方法制得的40%Pt/C的电催化氧还原能力比同型商品催化剂更好.另外,利用UV-Vis光谱研究了催化剂的制备过程.结果表明,在调变的多元醇法中,Pt4+的还原是一步完成的. 相似文献
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It was found for the first time that iron tetraphenylporphyrin(FeTPP)-Pt/C showed the good activity for the electroreduction of oxygen and methanol tolerant abitity,Their perfor-mances were related to the heat-treatment temperature. 相似文献
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直接甲醇燃料电池阴极Pt/C催化剂的制备与表征制备及处理方法的影响 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
对比研究了用三种液相沉积还原法制备的20%Pt/C催化剂及在900℃下用H2还原处理的催化剂,并用XRD和TEM等技术表征了催化剂的粒子大小及粒径分布.结果表明,用乙二醇还原法制备的Pt/C催化剂的平均粒径最小(约2.4nm),且分布均匀.应用旋转圆盘电极(RDE
)法和直接甲醇燃料电池单池评价了Pt/C催化剂的氧还原反应(ORR)活性,探索了单池性能与催化剂粒径大小的关系.RDE测试结果表明,用甲醛还原法制备的Pt/C催化剂具有最高的ORR活性;而单池测试结果表明,用乙二醇还原法制备的Pt/C催化剂显示出最高的ORR活性和最优的单池性能.这可能是因为直接甲醇燃料电池中所需Pt/C催化剂最优粒径更小的缘故.另外,研究了Cl-对Pt/C催化剂ORR活性的影响.结果表明,少量Cl-即会显著降低Pt/C催化剂的ORR活性. 相似文献
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JunHUA ZhiYongJIANG YanGuangWANG 《中国化学快报》2004,15(12):1430-1432
An efficient and selective method for the deprotection of primary alcoholic tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl (TBS) ethers using SnC12“2H20 as catalyst is described. The reaction conditions allow primary alcoholic TBS ethers to be desilylated chemoselectively in the presence of phenolic TBS ethers, secondary and tertiary alcolholic TBS ethers, and the extensively used TBDPS-, acetyl-, benzyloxycarbonyl-, p-toluenesulfonyl- and benzyl protective groups. 相似文献
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In proton exchange membrane fuel cells,cost,performance and durability are important issues that are need to be resolved before commercialization. The main reason for fuel cell performance degradation during operation is the loss of electrochemical surface area during long-term aging or transient. These losses mainly come from the degradation of the catalyst metal and the corrosion of the carbon support. This is a continuous and irreversible process that will greatly shorten the service life of the fuel cell. In order to explore this problem,20%(mass fraction)Pt/C catalyst is prepared based on carbon carrier etched by sulfuric acid. The morphology characterization test shows that it is uniformly dispersed and uniform in particle size,which is considered as an excellent material for long-term oxygen reduction (ORR) stability test. Next,the ORR stability test method with different cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles is used to observe its performance degradation,and a series of physical characterizations,e. g. transmission electron microscopy(TEM),high-resolution electron microscopy(HRTEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Raman spectroscopy (Raman),are used to further intuitively analyzed the attenuation mechanism. It is reported that the reasons for the degradation of the stability of Pt/C catalysts are mainly from the dissolution,agglomeration,oxidation and migration of Pt particles and the corrosion of carbon supports. This study elucidates the source of the impact on the stability of fuel cells during operation,and provides a reference for designing high-stability commercial ORR catalysts. © 2022, Science Press (China). All rights reserved. 相似文献
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随着能源需求的进一步增多和化石能源的大幅度减少,新型环境友好型能源成为近十年许多科研工作者的着力点.其中,燃料电池作为一种高效率、高能量密度、环境友好型能源引起了人们的关注.氢氧燃料电池研究最早、应用最早,具有得天独厚的优势.此外,由于近些年CO2的大量排放,造成了严重的温室效应,其处理也是一个严峻的课题.谢和平课题组提出的CO2矿化发电,不仅可以处理CO2,也可以作为新型能源应用,前景广阔.而不论是氢氧燃料电池还是CO2矿化电池,其阳极反应均为氢气氧化反应(HOR).Pt作为目前仍无法取代的HOR反应催化剂,不仅全球储量有限且价格昂贵,所以,寻找一种价格低廉催化性能好的催化剂成为这些新能源进一步应用的重要课题之一.对此人们进行了大量探索,主要包括尝试不同的载体、改变金属颗粒尺寸形貌等.其中,伽伐尼置换法对于制备纳米核壳结构催化剂以及降低金属颗粒尺寸、增加比表面积均有很大帮助.基于此,本文采用浸渍法和伽伐尼置换法制备了用Pt修饰Ni/C的纳米催化剂,使得纳米级活性金属均匀分散在载体上,加之双金属效应,相对于纯Pt/C催化剂,催化能力提高.浸渍法制得Ni/C前驱体,再将其置于纯乙醇中,用H2PtCl6作为Pt源置换部分Ni,得到Pt修饰的Ni/C催化剂.XRD射线衍射测试结果表明,一般的PtNi合金由于晶格相互影响,只会出现Pt的偏移衍射峰,而该催化剂均出现明显的PtNi两种元素的衍射峰,PtNi晶格互相没有影响.循环伏安法测试结果表明,在Pt-Ni/C系列催化剂中,Pt和Ni含量不同,其电化学活性面积(ECSA)各不相同.在金属总含量一致的前提下,随着Pt含量的增加,催化剂ECSA先增加后减小,最大值为66.90 m2/g,是市售Pt/C(54.12 m2/g)的1.24倍.Tafel测试HOR/HER反应交换电流密度的结果与ECSA结果一致,而Pt-Ni/C催化剂的交换电流密度最高可达485.45 A/g,是市售Pt/C(301.91 A/g)的1.6倍.对性能较好的Pt-Ni/C催化剂进行了表征,X射线光电子能谱结果发现,该催化剂载体上只有少部分Ni的氧化物裸露在表面,大部分为Pt.而透射电镜结果表明,该催化剂纳米级活性金属颗粒尺寸一致,且均匀地分散在载体表面.综合催化剂表征和电化学性能测试结果可知,使用伽伐尼置换法得到的Pt修饰的Ni/C催化剂分散均匀、颗粒尺寸小,且由于Pt作为主要催化活性金属分散于催化剂表面,而Ni作为辅助金属并不直接参与HOR反应,使得该催化剂具有较高的电化学活性.在Pt含量较少时,由于有很多Ni在催化剂表面,且催化层厚度较大,故催化活性一般.随着Pt含量的增加和Ni含量的减少,当催化剂表面只有很少Ni及相关化合物时,由于Pt比表面积大,故活性最高.当Pt含量继续增加时,Pt在Ni表面厚度增加,很多Pt被包裹,故催化活性再次降低. 相似文献
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Reaction of [1S,2S-(Ts-diphen)Ru(Ⅱ)(p-cymene)] (1S,2S-Ts-diphen= 1S,2S-N-tosyl-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine) and 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-non-3-yn-5-one under transfer hydrogenation condition gave a ruthenium complex bearing a 2,5-dihydrofuran moiety. The complex was characterized and a possible mechanism for the formation of the complex was proposed. 相似文献
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Jun LIU Qing Hua BIAN Ming An WANG Hong Chao GUO Min WANG 《中国化学快报》2006,17(5):606-608
Optically active TADDOL (α, α, α′, α′-tetraaryl-1, 3-dioxolane-4, 5-dimethanol) and the related ligands have played a significant role in asymmetric reactions1. Although several hundreds of different TADDOLs and TADDOL analogues have already been de 相似文献
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无机胶体法制备Pt/C催化剂及其性能表征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用无机胶体法制备用于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的Pt/C催化剂。研究了影响PtO2胶体生成和稳定性的因素(溶液的pH值、浓度和温度条件等)以及不同还原剂浓度对Pt/C催化剂性能的影响。透射电子显微镜测试结果表明,采用经优化的工艺条件所制备的Pt/C催化剂平均粒径为3 nm,且分散性好、粒度均匀。X-射线衍射分析表明,催化剂中Pt(111)晶面的相对含量较高,有利于加速氧还原反应。单体PEMFC的电压/电流密度曲线测试表明,所制备的Pt/C催化剂具有良好的电化学性能。 相似文献
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Pt纳米催化剂在质子交换膜燃料电池催化层中的尺寸效应研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以XC-72碳黑为载体, H2[PtCl6]为前驱体, 采用浸渍还原法并结合后续高温处理, 制备出不同尺寸Pt颗粒(3~8 nm)的Pt/C催化剂. 在基于质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)单电池的电化学电解池中, 对实际PEMFC催化层中燃料电池反应的Pt催化剂尺寸效应进行了研究. 结果表明, 在PEMFC催化层环境中, Pt/C纳米催化剂对氢氧化和氧还原反应均有显著的粒度尺寸效应. 随着Pt粒度减小, 氢氧化和氧还原反应的表面积活性均降低. 相似文献
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石墨负载Pt催化剂的制备、表征及活性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pt/graphite catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation using H2PtCl6·6H2O as precursor. The catalyst was characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS and its degradation ability for oxalic acid was evaluated. The preparation parameters, including the reduction temperature, Pt loading and pyrolysis were studied. The optimal preparation conditions were 350 ℃ with Pt loading of 1.0%. Results show that the loading of Pt can significantly enhance catalytic activity of graphite and that Pt/graphite catalytic ozonation can effectively remove oxalic acid in aqueous solution. The BET surface area of graphite is much smaller than that of activated carbon, however, the catalytic activity of Pt/graphite towards oxalic acid degradation is higher than that of Pt/AC. The XPS results indicate that the active phase at catalyst surface is in the form of Pt0. Compared with that of reduction process in hydrogen, the activity of Pt/graphite catalyst decreases when it is prepared by pyrolysis in air due to the lower Pt dispersion on graphite surface. 相似文献
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Jianlu Zhang Xiaoli Wang Chuan Wu Hongmin Wang Baolian Yi Huanmin Zhang 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2004,83(2):229-236
Three Pt/C catalysts for PEMFC cathode were prepared by impregnation-reduction method using HCHO, NaBH4, and N2H4 as reductant, respectively, and characterized by BET, CV and XRD. The effect of reduction methods on the activity of catalysts
was investigated. Compared with NaBH4 and N2H4, HCHO is the most suitable one among the three reductants. The catalytic activity for oxygen reduction is in the order Pt(HCHO)
> Pt(NaBH4) > Pt(N2H4).
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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