Fourier Spectrometer based on Wide-range and Phase-locked Michelson Interferometer with Femtosecond Laser Excitation

介绍了一种大行程相位锁定迈克尔逊干涉仪技术的实现与特性,采用飞秒激光为光源与此技术结合对稀土离子光谱进行了测量,实现了大行程的相位锁定高信噪比干涉图的采样,其傅立叶光谱分辨率明显优于利用岛津uv-3101pc分光光度计得到的吸收光谱,而且包含更加丰富的能级演化信息.     

Large Signal Analysis of the Michelson Interferometer with Gires-Tournois Interferometers in its Arms

A mathematical model for the transfer function of the Michelson interferometer with Gires-Tournois interferometers in its arms is presented. The model, basically a sine-series function, can easily yield closed-form expressions for the amplitudes of the harmonic and intermodulation components of the output when the input is formed of large-amplitude multisinusoidal voltage. The special case of two-tone equal-amplitude input voltage is considered in detail. The results show that the third-order intermodulation component is always higher than the third-harmonic component. The results also show that the linearity of the Michelson interferometer with Gires-Tournois interferometers in its arms improves with the increase of the front mirror reflectivity. Moreover, the results show that the third-order intermodulation exhibits a minimum for relatively large values of the front mirror reflectivity. Furthermore, compared with the traditional Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the results show that a reduction of 15 dB in the third-order intermodulation can be achieved even for relatively small values of the front mirror reflectivity.     

用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量He-Ne激光波长的测量不确定度分析

针对迈克尔逊干涉实验中测出的He-Ne激光的波长值总是比真实值偏大的问题,分析了用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量He-Ne激光波长时的实验误差来源,发现实验光路调整的不理想以及仪器读数装置中残留的螺纹空程差是导致λ值偏大的主要原因。在此基础上提出了相应的改进办法,并且对测量不确定度进行了合理的估算。     

基于3×3耦合器的迈克耳孙干涉仪相位特性分析

研究了基于3×3耦合器的非平衡迈克耳孙干涉仪的相位特性.由光纤耦合器的散射矩阵理论,推导出了当3×3耦合器分光比不均匀时,干涉仪三路输出信号相位差的表达式.根据实际使用的3×3耦合器各通道的插入损耗,经计算与修正得到其散射矩阵,并求出干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差分别为120.21°、120.77°和119.02°,与理想值120°的偏差在1°以内.实验测得的干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差随时间随机变化,经分析是由光偏振态随机变化引起的.相位差与理想值120°的偏离均在1°以内,符合理论分析得到的结论.     

迈克尔逊干涉仪测量液体的折射率及仪器调节方法

本文介绍了用迈克逊干涉仪测量液体折射率的方法，原理简单。在干涉仪导轨上平放一方形玻璃容器，内装待测液体，动镜铅垂地浸没在液体中。通过测出动镜在液体内的移动量及其相应的干涉条纹变化数，就能计算液体的折射率，有较高的测量精度。本文详细分析了干涉仪上分光板的反射光通过空气、玻璃、液体，由反射镜反射后出现的多个反射光点，只有通过对这些反射光点的调节，才能得出干涉条纹并符合计算公式的要求。     

Two-Photon Two-Focus Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy with a Tunable Distance Between the Excitation Volumes

In the present work, a Michelson interferometer was combined with a two-photon excitation microscope to perform two-focus Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. This simple and original approach allows us to tune the distance between the two excitation volumes and determine absolute diffusion constants. The technique was validated on different model systems that demonstrate the sensitivity of the approach.     

迈克尔逊干涉仪测透明介质厚度及折射率

提出了使用用迈克尔逊干涉仪,改变光源入射方式及观测方式以获得稳定、清晰等厚干涉现象的方法.探究了在光路中插入的被测透明介质如何对等厚干涉条纹产生影响,并导出了被测介质厚度、折射率及旋转角度与等厚干涉条纹移动量之间的关系.实现对透明介质厚度、折射率进行简练、快速的同时测量.     

迈克耳逊干涉仪的调节技巧及常见问题解析

迈克耳逊干涉仪测量光波波长是大学基础物理实验之一。由于该实验操作的复杂性,导致学生完成此实验很容易出现一些问题。根据实际情况列举一些调试技巧,并对经常出现的问题进行了分析与解决。     

基于白光干涉的自稳定定量相位成像系统

提出和建立了基于白光干涉的自稳定定量相位成像系统.该系统以柯勒照明的白光迈克耳孙干涉计为基础,使用自稳定锁相电路以减少相位噪音,引入相移装置获得定量的相化位图像.实验分别以平面镜、标准测试图和聚苯乙烯小球为样品.获得了清晰的定量相位图像,实现了对样品的实时观测.该装置采用卤素灯照明,达到轴向分辨力5 nm,系统中的柯勒照明结构使其具有高空间相干性.实验结果表明,该装置能有效避免系统中其他光学表面(如系统中的透镜表面)干扰信号的影响.     

Design and analysis of a new silicon-on-insulator waveguide Michelson interferometer sensor

A new designed and analyzed silicon-on-insulator (SOI) waveguide Michelson interferometer (SMI) sensor is proposed in this paper. The authors compare an optical SMI sensor, a silicon-on-insulator Bragg waveguide grating (SBG) sensor, and a fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG) for temperature sensing in medicine applications. The SMI sensor has 20 times sensing more accuracy than the FBG sensor. Moreovr, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the pass-band frequency responses of our proposed SMI can be designed much narrower than FBG and SBG sensors for sensing resolution enhancement. Further, the improved characteristics of the SMI demonstrated in this paper could pave the way for future high density temperature monitoring medicine applications.     

The use of balanced homodyne and squeezed states for detecting weak optical signals in a Michelson interferometer

The possibility of using squeezed states and balanced homodyne detection of optical signals in a Michelson interferometer is discussed. The present analysis describes photon statistics measurements effects related to quadrature balanced homodyne detection showing the advantage of using this scheme for detecting weak optical signals.     

25 GHz interleavers made by Michelson interferometer with a Gires–Tournois etalon

We report a high-quality interleaver with frequency spacing of 25 GHz, which is made by a Michelson interferometer with a mirror replaced by a Gires–Tournois etalon. Our optimal design and elaborate manufacture assure its excellent performance. We present the analysis of performance parameters, design of structural parameters, the unique fabrication technology and testing results of this interleaver in this paper.     

大视场消色差温度补偿型风成像干涉仪调制度的分析与计算

简要论述了大视场、消色差、温度补偿型风成像干涉仪用于高层探测的基本原理.对自行设计的风成像干涉仪的调制度进行了理论分析与计算,推导了调制度的理论表达式.采用计算机模拟,分析了仪器调制度随入射角的变化关系.当调制度大于075时,风成像干涉仪视场角可达129°,充分显示了大视场、高调制度的显著特点.分析了玻璃折射率对调制度的影响,得到了调制度取得最大值时玻璃的优化组合;分析了温度对调制度的影响,得到了调制度随着温度变化的曲线.此研究为高层大气探测理论的发展、大气探测以及大视场、消色差、温度补偿型风成像干涉仪的研制提供了重要的理论依据及实践指导. 关键词： 干涉成像技术 迈克尔逊干涉仪 调制度 双光束干涉     

基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪的单个光子操控

分别利用空间和光纤马赫—曾德尔干涉仪对空间和光纤传输中的单个光子的干涉现象进行了研究,干涉对比度可达到90％以上,实现了空间和光纤中的单个光子的路由操控。实验采用脉冲调制加衰减的方法产生单个光子,获得了每个脉冲中只包含0．1个光子的准单光子源。通过改变压电换能器的电压控制马赫—曾德尔干涉仪的单个光子在两个输出端的选择,实现了光子在节点上的路由。采用同步符合检测技术,利用重复频率为1kHz,脉冲宽度为100ns的同步信号对输出信号进行符合,实现了量子效率高于70％,暗计数小于0．2s^-1的单光子高灵敏度检测,观测到了单个光子在相位操控下出射到两个输出端的有序分配现象。验证了基于马赫—曾德尔干涉仪的单个光子路由操控实现的可能性。     

新型偏振风成像干涉仪中偏振化方向对调制度和干涉强度的影响研究

简要论述了新型偏振风成像干涉仪的原理;分析了偏振风成像干涉仪的各光学部件的偏振化方向对调制度和干涉强度的影响;给出了起偏器的偏振化方向、干涉仪两臂λ/4波片及出射位置处λ/4波片的光轴取向偏离理想方向时干涉仪调制度和干涉强度的理论表达式;采用计算机模拟分别给出了调制度随各偏角变化的曲面图及风速、温度反演误差随各偏角变化的曲线图;给出了温度精度为5K、风速精度为20m/s时偏振化方向的误差容限.该研究对新型偏振风成像干涉仪的研究、研制提供了一定的理论依据和实践指导,对高层大气光学被动探测以及空间探测、对地观测都具有科学意义和应用前景.     

Phase Imaging with a Phase-Shifting X-ray Shearing Interferometer Using an X-ray Line Source

An X-ray shearing interferometer with a line source is presented. The line source broadens X-ray beams and enables us to obtain a phase image with an X-ray image sensor without mechanical scanning. It can reduce the measuring time compared with image acquisition by mechanical scanning. Small phase difference is measured with the phase shift method using acrylic wedges. Although the output beam is overlapped with the non-interfering beams, we can obtain interference fringes with reasonable contrast. With this system we can obtain a projected phase image of an acrylic plate with cellophane tape.     

Photothermal Phase-Modulating Laser Diode Interferometer with High-Speed Feedback Control

We propose a photothermal phase-modulating laser diode interferometer equipped with a high-speed feedback control system. The CCD camera’s shutter-function raises the modulating frequency, which in turn elicits a higher feedback response, thus enabling us to eliminate nearly all external disturbance. With the recent application of a system purpose-built for discriminating between numerous fringe sequences, we have also reduced processing time.     

V型稠密介质中脉宽对超短脉冲和频谱及其CEP依赖性的影响

利用不含慢变包络近似和旋波近似的全波Maxwell-Bloch方程组的数值解,研究脉宽对稠密V型三能级原子介质中超短激光脉冲和频谱及其载波包络位相(CEP)依赖性的影响.结果表明:脉宽较小时,脉冲分裂数目少,频谱较宽,高频部分显著,CEP的变化对脉冲及频谱的影响较大,尤其对子脉冲间的时间间隔及频谱高频部分强度大小的影响更为显著;随着脉宽的增大,脉冲分裂数目增多,频谱宽度变窄,高频部分强度明显降低,CEP的变化对脉冲及频谱的影响减弱.     

光脉冲在含玻色元激发的非线性介质中的传播与面积定理

研究了取决于场与玻色（ｂｏｓｏｎ元激发瞬间相互作用的光信号传播问题。导出了相应的‘面积定理’，是将只关系到光脉冲在二能级系统中传播的面积定理的一种推广。所得结果和用光与玻色物质耦合模型对增强吸收型光双稳的解决是一致的。     

共光声池腔芯轴型空气衬底光纤麦克风

声传感器和光声池是激光光声光谱技术的核心组件.结合光纤迈克耳孙干涉仪、相位载波解调技术和纵向共振光声池,提出一种共光声池腔的芯轴型空气衬底光纤麦克风.光纤麦克风中的铜毛细管被用作光声池的共振腔,传感臂由10 m长的超细光纤缠绕在铜毛细管上构成,参考臂为5 cm长的短臂且已进行隔声隔振处理.基于结构共振频率稳定的特点,优...