High-frequency wave diffraction by an impedance segment at oblique incidence

The plane problem of high-frequency acoustic wave diffraction by a segment with impedance boundary conditions is considered. The angle of incidence of waves is assumed to be small (oblique). The paper generalizes the method previously developed by the authors for an ideal segment (with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions). An expression for the directional pattern of the scattered field is derived. The optical theorem is proved for the case of the parabolic equation. The surface wave amplitude is calculated, and the results are numerically verified by the integral equation method.     

Current driven ion wave instability in a weakly ionized collisional magnetoplasma

Ion waves propagating nearly across the magnetic field in a weakly ionized plasma with cross-field electron streaming are shown to be unstable due to dissipative effects.     

Nonlinear wave damping on an electron hole in a weakly inhomogeneous plasma

Nonlinear damping of the Langmuir wave in a weakly inhomogeneous plasma with a negative concentration gradient is considered. For phase velocities close to the thermal velocity of electrons, their dispersion strongly differs from the linear one and cannot be taken into account by means of a small correction to the linear dispersion law. Based on the energy balance and nonlinear dispersion equations, a dependence of the wave amplitude on its phase velocity is established together with the limiting phase velocity at which the wave is completely damped.     

Nonlinear modulation of a powerful electromagnetic wave in a weakly inhomogeneous plasma

We show the possibility for nonlinear trapping of a Langmuir wave in the region of weak inhomogeneity of plasma under parametric interaction with a powerful electromagnetic wave. Under overcritical conditions in the presence of dissipation and imperfect reflection, space-time amplitude correlations emerge and wave soliton structures are then formed. Powerful regular oscillations appear in the system, leading to a giant modulation of the pump pulse. The Langmuir nonlinearity contribution increases with the above-threshold value, which results in a sharp increase and compression of solitary waves.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 39, No. 9, pp. 1096–1102, September, 1996.     

High-frequency plane wave diffraction by an ideal strip at oblique incidence: Parabolic equation approach

The problem of diffraction of a high-frequency plane wave by a strip with ideal boundary conditions is considered for the case of oblique incidence. The study is based on the parabolic approximation, which is used to construct an expression for the directional pattern in terms of single quadratures. A similar result is obtained using the embedding formula. It is shown that the derived expression approximates the classical Michaeli result. A proof of the optical theorem for the parabolic problem is presented.     

Radiation properties of a uniaxial chiral quadratic inhomogeneous slab under oblique incidence

In this paper, the focussing of the transmitted electromagnetic field through a quadric inhomogeneous slab of lossless uniaxial chiral medium is derived using transmission coefficient under oblique incidence. The inhomogeneity in the uniaxial chiral slab has been incorporated through permittivity parameter. Asymptotic ray theory provides valid field everywhere except at focal point where it gives infinite value. Singularity of the field at focal point is addressed using Maslov's method. The derived analytical field expressions at caustic or focal point of uniaxial quadratic inhomogeneous slab have been solved numerically using MATHEMATICA. The effects of chirality parameter, axial permittivity, transvers permittivity, angle of incidence on the refracted field are discussed and the effects of Brewster angle on the focussed field are also discussed. The results obtained using Maslov's method are compared with Huygens–Kirchhoff's integral which are in good agreement.     

Polarization of weakly nonlinear magnetoacoustic wave in inhomogeneous plasma

The relationships between the components of a nonlinear magnetoacoustic wave near and far from a caustic are investigated.St. Petersburg State University. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 37, No. 11, pp. 1365–1372, November, 1994.     

Evolution of a langmuir wave in a weakly inhomogeneous plasma with a positive concentration gradient

Spatial evolution of a Langmuir wave excited by external sources in a weakly inhomogeneous electron plasma without external sources is considered for a small positive gradient of the plasma concentration in the direction of propagation of the wave. At the first state of the evolution, the dispersion of the wave is close to linear. When the phase velocity is doubled, the second stage of the evolution begins. The wave loses its individuality and becomes a hybrid of two waves. Its profile acquires the shape of an alternating sequence of fragments of these waves. The wave dispersion is determined by the dispersion of each fragment. In the course of evolution, the spacing between the equilibrium values of the wave fragments increases; as a result, the wave decays into two waves, which are also loaded by trapped electrons. Prior to decay, the humps of the wave become steeper; as a result, at the instant of the decay, the wave is transformed into a sequence of solitons with different polarities.     

Drift ion acoustic solitons in an inhomogeneous 2-D quantum magnetoplasma

Linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of quantum drift ion acoustic waves are investigated in an inhomogeneous two-dimensional plasma employing the quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model. In this regard, the dispersion relation of the drift ion acoustic waves is derived and limiting cases are discussed. In order to study the drift ion acoustic solitons, nonlinear quantum Kadomstev-Petviashvilli (KP) equation in an inhomogeneous quantum plasma is derived using the drift approximation. The solution of quantum KP equation using the tangent hyperbolic (tanh) method is also presented. The variation of the soliton with the quantum Bohm potential, the ratio of drift to soliton velocity in the co-moving frame, , and the increasing magnetic field are also investigated. It is found that the increasing number density decreases the amplitude of the soliton. It is also shown that the fast drift soliton (i.e., v_*>u) decreases whereas the slow drift soliton (i.e., v_*<u) increases the amplitude of the soliton. Finally, it is shown that the increasing magnetic field increases the amplitude of the quantum drift ion acoustic soliton. The stability of the quantum KP equation is also investigated. The relevance of the present investigation in dense astrophysical environments is also pointed out.     

Linear birefringence parameters determination of a multi-order wave plate via phase detection at large oblique incidence angles

In order to characterize the linear birefringence parameters (LBPs) of a multi-order wave plate (MWP) including ordinary refractive index n_o, extraordinary refractive index n_e and the order number precisely, phase retardation measurement by means of large oblique incidence angle on the MWP has been proposed and demonstrated. However, the effects of spatial shifting and multiple reflections by the MWP depress the accuracy of the measurements significantly. Thus, we propose a retro-reflected geometry in a polarized heterodyne interferometer that can determine the LBPs of a MWP precisely. This method is not only able to reduce the spatial shifting effect but also avoids multiple reflections of the emerging beams. Experimentally, the oblique incidence angle in a range from 30° to 44° was scanned and the highest sensitivity ever for measurements of n_o and n_e for an uncoated MWP was obtained. The detection sensitivity for the refractive indices (n_o,n_e, n_o−n_e) of an uncoated MWP can be up to 10⁻⁶.     

Ion wave instability in a collisional magnetoplasma

Temperature relaxation mechanism is found to have a destabilizing effect on ion waves propagating nearly across the magnetic field in the presence of streaming electrons.     

Volume and surface longitudinal waves in a cold inhomogeneous magnetoplasma

We study analytically and numerically volume and surface longitudinal waves in a dense weakly magnetized inhomogeneous plasma. First, the well-known results for volume and surface waves in homogeneous and semi-bounded magnetoplasmas are presented for reference. Problems with similar geometry are then studied for plasmas with nonuniform density distributions close to those observed in experiments. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 234–254, March 2007.     

Analyses of pseudo-nondiffracting beams at oblique incidence

We design three types of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) which generate pseudo-nondiffracting beams (PNDBs) in different regions by using the conjugate gradient method. In order to analyze the influence of the tilt angles of the DOEs, the coordinate-transformation method is used to simplify the calculation. The uniformity of the out-coupling illuminance along the optical axis is calculated. The analyzed results show that when the tilt angle increases, the uniformity in the region [140 mm, 200 mm] has more violent fluctuations than those in the regions [280 mm, 340 mm] and [380 mm, 520 mm]. The analyses also reveal that the uniformity of DOEs with a longer focal length is less sensitive to the tilt angle, and some points within the PNDB region have small variations of axial illuminance while the tilt angle increases.     

Rayleigh wave at the boundary of an inhomogeneous nonlinear viscoelastic half-space

In the approximation of weak nonlinearity and weak viscosity of the medium, we obtain an equation describing the spectral density of the particle horizontal velocity for a Rayleigh wave propagating along the boundary of a half-space. The coefficients of nonlinear interaction between the wave harmonics are found on the assumption that the third-order elastic moduli arbitrarily depend on the depth. We find expressions for the complex correction to the wave frequency due to small relaxation corrections to the elastic moduli and small variations in the medium density, which arbitrarily depend on the depth as well. The imaginary part of this correction to the frequency determines the decay of the linear Rayleigh wave due to small relaxation corrections to the elastic moduli arbitrarily dependent on the depth. Using numerical simulation (with allowance for the interaction of 500 harmonics), we study distortions of an initially harmonic Rayleigh wave for a particular dependence of variations in the nonlinear moduli on the depth. An integral equation is derived for the nonlinear elastic moduli as functions of the depth. It is shown that for independent spatio-temporal distributions of the viscous moduli, functions determining the dependence of the viscosity on the depth are described by an analogous integral equation. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 212–226, March 2007.     

Propagation characteristics of oblique incidence terahertz wave through non-uniform plasma

The propagation characteristics of oblique incidence terahertz(THz) waves through non-uniform plasma are investigated by the shift-operator finite-difference time-domain(SO-FDTD) method combined with the phase matching condition.The electron density distribution of the non-uniform plasma is assumed to be in a Gaussian profile. Validation of the present method is performed by comparing the results with those obtained by an analytical method for a homogeneous plasma slab.Then the effects of parameters of THz wave and plasma layer on the propagation properties are analyzed. It is found that the transmission coefficients greatly depend on the incident angle as well as on the thickness of the plasma, while the polarization of the incident wave has little influence on the propagation process in the range of frequency considered in this paper. The results confirm that the THz wave can pass through the plasma sheath effectively under certain conditions,which makes it a potential candidate to overcome the ionization blackout problem.     

Design of guided-mode resonance filters with an antireflective surface at oblique incidence

A design approach of guided-mode resonance filter (GMRF) with an antireflective surface at oblique incidence is presented. For a given incident angle or grating filling factor, the required grating filling factor or incident angle can be expressed by the analytical forms of the quadratic equations at quarter-wavelength thickness. Long-range, low sidebands are obtainable for a single-layer GMRF under the TM mode wave illumination at oblique incidence. The reflection properties such as the symmetry of the lineshape and the sideband level in the logarithm scale can be further improved by slightly varying both the grating period and the grating thickness. Magnetic field enhancement occurs in these structures due to the coupling between the evanescent diffracted order and the waveguide mode.     

Drift wave turbulence in a dense semi-classical magnetoplasma

A semi-classical nonlinear collisional drift wave model for dense magnetized plasmas is developed and solved numerically. The effects of fluid electron density fluctuations associated with quantum statistical pressure and quantum Bohm force are included, and their influences on the collisional drift wave instability and the resulting fully developed nanoscale drift wave turbulence are discussed. It is found that the quantum effects increase the growth rate of the collisional drift wave instability, and introduce a finite de Broglie length screening on the drift wave turbulent density perturbations. The relevance to nanoscale turbulence in nonuniform dense magnetoplasmas is discussed.