Self consistent code for a 150 GHz gyrotron

A self consistent calculation for gyrotron oscillators is described and applied to a TE₀₃ mode gyromonotron. The RF field profile satisfies a wave equation in which the AC beam current appears as a source. The wave equation is solved simultaneously with the electron equation of motion.     

95 GHz准光模式转换器实验研究

介绍了采用95 GHz准光模式转换器将TE62模式转换为高斯波束的实验测试结果。准光模式转换器由螺旋切口的Vlasov辐射器、一个准抛物柱面反射镜和两个相位修正镜组成。将半径5.62 mm圆波导内的TE62模式转换为束腰直径22.4 mm的高斯波束。实验采用毫米波天线近场扫描测试系统测试,实验结果表明标量转换效率大于97%,矢量转换效率大于88%     

95 GHz准光模式转换器实验研究

介绍了采用95 GHz准光模式转换器将TE62模式转换为高斯波束的实验测试结果。准光模式转换器由螺旋切口的Vlasov辐射器、一个准抛物柱面反射镜和两个相位修正镜组成。将半径5.62 mm圆波导内的TE62模式转换为束腰直径22.4 mm的高斯波束。实验采用毫米波天线近场扫描测试系统测试,实验结果表明标量转换效率大于97%,矢量转换效率大于88%     

94 GHz回旋管准光模式变换器设计

基于几何光学理论和矢量绕射理论,研究了将回旋管及其他高功率微波器件的振荡输出模式转换成准光高斯波束的模式变换器,采用伏拉索夫(Vlasov)辐射器和三级准光反射面实现了准高斯模TEM₀₀的横向输出.研究了Vlasov辐射器的工作机理,运用矢量绕射理论计算出波导辐射场,口面电流分布的方法计算反射面辐射场.通过编写程序设计了将94 GHz,模式为TE₆₂的毫米波转化为准光高斯波束的内置式准光模式变换器. 关键词： 94 GHz回旋管 内置式准光模式变换器 Vlasov辐射器 矢量绕射理论     

TE03 to TE01 mode converters for use with a 150 GHz gyrotron

Two-step high-power TE03-to-TE01 mode transducers (TE02 is the intermediate mode) were designed to transform the TE03 output mode of the 150 GHz KfK gyrotron into the fundamental circular symmetric TE01 mode for low-loss propagation and further conversion into the linearly polarized quasioptical HE11 mode. The advanced perturbation structures of the ruppled-wall mode converters (with input- and output-diameter D=27.8 mm) were optimized by numerically solving the proper coupled-wave differential equations. The overall TE03-to-TE01 conversion efficiency at 150 GHz was calculated to be ₀=99.1% for a long converter (total length L=2.67 m) and ₀=97.8% for a short converter (L=1.07 m); ohmic attenuation is included. The corresponding theoretical bandwidth (for 95%) is ±1.4 GHz and ±2 GHz, respectively. Low-power experimental data are in excellent agreement with these computed values.     

94 GHz回旋管过模波导模式转换与传输

 在耦合波理论的基础上,研究了94 GHz回旋管内置TE₀₃-TE₀₂-TE₀₁模式转换器和外接的TE₀₁-TE₁₁模式转换器。采用半径渐变微扰和轴线微扰几何结构以及不同的相位重匹配技术进行优化分析,得到了可靠的最优几何参量,设计出了紧凑、高效的94 GHz波纹波导模式转换器和蛇形线模式转换器。回旋管的热测实验中测出的模式样图表明,所设计的内置模式变换器有效地实现了TE₀₃-TE₀₂-TE₀₁的模式转换。     

140 GHz回旋管准光模式变换器的设计（英）

针对一种由Denisov型辐射器和第一面镜为准抛物镜的四级反射镜面系统组成的准光模式变换器开展了详细的研究和设计。利用耦合模理论和矢量绕射理论设计了波纹波导准光模式变化器,通过编写仿真程序进行数值优化完成了140 GHz,TE28,8回旋管准光模式变换器的设计。仿真结果表明,抛物面反射镜的焦距对矢量高斯效率影响较大,输出窗口处得到了较好的高斯波束,标量高斯效率达到98%,矢量高斯效率达到90%。     

94 GHz回旋管过模波导模式转换与传输

在耦合波理论的基础上,研究了94 GHz回旋管内置TE03-TE02-TE01模式转换器和外接的TE01-TE11模式转换器。采用半径渐变微扰和轴线微扰几何结构以及不同的相位重匹配技术进行优化分析,得到了可靠的最优几何参量,设计出了紧凑、高效的94 GHz波纹波导模式转换器和蛇形线模式转换器。回旋管的热测实验中测出的模式样图表明,所设计的内置模式变换器有效地实现了TE03-TE02-TE01的模式转换。     

Dynamics of mode competition in the gyrotron backward-wave oscillator

The axial modes of the gyrotron backward-wave oscillator (gyro-BWO) each exhibit a distinctive asymmetry in axial field profile. As a result, and in sharp contrast to the behavior of the familiar resonator-based gyrotron oscillator, particle simulations of the gyro-BWO reveal a radically different pattern of mode competition in which a fast-growing and well-established mode is subsequently suppressed by a later-starting mode with a more favorable field profile. This is verified in a Ka-band experiment and the interaction dynamics are elucidated with a time-frequency analysis.     

Parasitic oscillation in and suppression of a gyrotron backwardwave mode in a low-Q 8 GHz gyrotron

The parasitic oscillation of the TE°₂₁ gyrotron backward-wave (gyro BW) mode is observed in a low-Q, 8 GHz TE°₀₁₁, gyrotron. At low power (P_BW<5 kW), the oscillation of the gyro BW mode, simultaneously with the gyrotron mode, results in a maximum TE°₀₁₁, mode efficiency of less than 0.25. The parasitic oscillation is suppressed by operating the gyrotron with a negative magnetic field gradient along the electron beam, which allows the maximum efficiency to reach 0.40 and the output power to be multiplied by a factor varying from 1.4 to 1.7. The optimum efficiency curve of the TE°₀₁₁ mode indicates that the low-Q cavity behaves as a much higher Q_diff cavity. Excessive values of magnetic field gradient and α favor the TE°₀₁₂ , longitudinal mode, which oscillates in place of the TE°₀₁₁ mode and limits its maximum output power. This competitive process is responsible for the high-Q-like behavior of the optimum efficiency curve     

95 GHz回旋管内置准光模式转换器仿真设计

高功率毫米波回旋管输出的高阶模式不利于空间传输,必须进行模式转换。由于不便采用波导模式转换器,因此对内置准光模式转换器进行了研究。内置准光模式转换器由Vlasov辐射器、准抛物柱面镜和相位修正镜组成。基于标量衍射理论和KSA算法,编制了数值模拟程序,设计了相位修正镜。计算分析了参考平面处的场分布,表明该准光模式转换器的标量转换效率大于98%,矢量转换效率大于93%。计算结果表明,该方法可以高效地指导准光模式转换器的设计。     

95 GHz回旋管内置准光模式转换器仿真设计

 高功率毫米波回旋管输出的高阶模式不利于空间传输,必须进行模式转换。由于不便采用波导模式转换器,因此对内置准光模式转换器进行了研究。内置准光模式转换器由Vlasov辐射器、准抛物柱面镜和相位修正镜组成。基于标量衍射理论和KSA算法,编制了数值模拟程序,设计了相位修正镜。计算分析了参考平面处的场分布,表明该准光模式转换器的标量转换效率大于98%,矢量转换效率大于93%。计算结果表明,该方法可以高效地指导准光模式转换器的设计。     

Operation of a 32 GHz gyrotron

The design and operation of a 32 GHz pulsed gyrotron are reported. The device is step-tuned between the TE_1,2 (24.16 GHz) and TE_0,2 (31.78 GHz) modes with cathode voltages ranging from 30 to 40kV and beam current up to 5.0A. Experimental frequencies are in close agreement with the self-consistent calculated values and in the TE_2,2 resonator mode an output peak power of 6kW corresponding to an 18% efficiency was measured by using a fast response calorimeter with a thermal sensitivity of 0.1°C/Wmin.     

Design of a 35 GHz gyrotron

The conceptual design of a 35 GHz gyrotron has been developed consistently with the complex formulation of the electric field longitudinal distribution in the resonant cavity. Some models of magnetron injection guns able to produce laminar beams have been investigated leading to the design of an electron gun capable of generating a current of 5 A with a perpendicular velocity dispersion of 0.5%. The device includes three magnetic systems producting flat axial magnetic induction profiles of 1.05 kG, 13.2 kG and 0.65 kG in the cathode, cavity and collector regions, respectively. The gyrotron has been designed for pulsed operation in the TE₀₂₁ mode. Under the soft self-excitation condition, the maximum attainable efficiency is 40% with an output power of 100 kW. An analysis of the collector thermal behaviour has been carried out as well as a study of the thermophysical properties of the alumina window to be used.     

W波段损耗介质加载回旋返波振荡器中模式竞争的研究

本文采用自洽非线性理论模型系统研究W波段基波TE₀₁模回旋返波振荡器 模式竞争的物理机理. 通过采用特殊渐变的非谐振互作用结构和加载损耗介质抑制互作用系统中竞争模式, 从而防止系统出现非稳态振荡现象. 通过系统优化的互作用结构可以抑制竞争模式,能够稳定工作在TE₀₁模的轴向基模上. 计算表明系统输出峰值功率105 kW, -3 dB调谐相对带宽为5.4%. 这为发展应用于电子对抗、无损探测、等离子体诊断、材料处理等领域 的宽带毫米回旋返波振荡器提供了理论基础, 具有借鉴意义.     

110GHz回旋管Denisov型准光模式变换器的研究与设计

对一种由Densiov型辐射器和四面反射镜面系统组成的准光模式变换器开展了详细的研究和设计。采用几何光学理论,分析了Denisov型辐射器的工作原理,推导了模式叠加形成高斯分布的过程。基于耦合模理论,提出了辐射器波纹波导的设计方法。针对110GHz,TE22,6模回旋管的具体参数设计和优化了辐射器和镜面系统,编写仿真程序,对波导切口处辐射场和镜面散射场进行数值模拟。计算结果表明,输出窗口处得到较好的高斯波束,高斯效率达到95.8%,功率转换效率为94.7%。     

110 GHz回旋管Denisov型准光模式变换器的研究与设计

对一种由Densiov型辐射器和四面反射镜面系统组成的准光模式变换器开展了详细的研究和设计。采用几何光学理论,分析了Denisov型辐射器的工作原理,推导了模式叠加形成高斯分布的过程。基于耦合模理论,提出了辐射器波纹波导的设计方法。针对110 GHz,TE22,6模回旋管的具体参数设计和优化了辐射器和镜面系统,编写仿真程序,对波导切口处辐射场和镜面散射场进行数值模拟。计算结果表明,输出窗口处得到较好的高斯波束,高斯效率达到95.8%,功率转换效率为94.7%。     

TE_(02)模式95 GHz三次谐波回旋管实验

首次实现W波段三次谐波回旋管输出功率突破10kW。谐波回旋管互作用结构采用带有光阑结构的圆柱型开放式谐振腔,工作模式为低损耗圆对称模式TE02。实验中,在脉冲宽度20μs、电子束电压45kV、电流3A、磁场1.23T时,测得工作频率为95.22GHz,输出功率13.4kW,对应效率9.9%。