(7-甲氧基-4-亚甲基)香豆素基-单氮杂-18-冠-6的阳离子识别性能研究

基于题示光敏离子载体MMC-MAC(O₅)与金属离子配位时荧光或延迟荧光性质的变化,研究了它作为光敏主体在乙腈或水溶液中对Li⁺,Na⁺,K⁺,Mg²⁺,Ba²⁺和Pb²⁺离子的识别性能,由改进的H-B方程计算得主客识别的稳定常数和敏感因子.结果表明,由于该光敏离子载体的香豆素的羰基能以七元环形式参与对金属离子的配位,在一定程度上增大了对客体离子的络合能力;在水溶液中,由于金属离子的溶剂化作用和因香豆素的羰基易与水形成氢键,影响了MMC-MAC(O₅)与客体离子的结合,稳定常数明显降低.基于MMC-MAC(O₅)的分子结构和与金属离子结合时荧光强度的增强,讨论了识别机理     

4-(二乙氨基)水杨醛缩4-氨基安替比林席夫碱的合成及荧光性质

合成了4-(二乙氨基)水杨醛缩4-氨基安替比林席夫碱，通过红外光谱、核磁共振谱、元素分析等对其结构进行了表征。利用分子荧光仪对其与Zn²⁺、Ni²⁺、Co²⁺、Pb²⁺、Cd²⁺、La³⁺、Ce³⁺、Sr²⁺、Ag⁺、Ru³⁺等金属离子作用前后的荧光性质进行了检测。检测结果表明，加入不同的金属离子后，该希夫碱的荧光发射波长略有变化，但荧光强度发生了不同程度的改变，其中Ru³⁺与希夫碱作用后的荧光强度显著增强。     

基于肉桂酰肼的Zn2+、Mg2+和Cd2+Turn-On型荧光探针研究

本文以肉桂酸甲酯、水合肼及水杨醛为原料,设计合成了一种“turn-on”型离子选择性荧光探针,采用NMR、IR及HRMS对其结构进行了表征,结果表明该探针为N’-[(2-羟苯基)亚甲基]-3-{2-[(2-羟苯基)亚甲基]肼-1-基}-3-苯丙酰肼(ZL)。基于其存在的酰基和邻羟苯基亚甲基胺结构,研究了其对不同金属离子的识别作用,结果Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺和Cd²⁺对探针ZL荧光表现出“turn-on”效应,其荧光分别增强了47、21、24倍,而其他金属离子对其荧光光谱及强度无影响,化合物ZL表现出对Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺和Cd²⁺的高选择性识别和高灵敏检测,其检出限分别为5.5nmol·L^-1、8.4nmol·L^-1、9.9 nmol·L^-1。通过Job’s plot实验表明ZL与Zn²⁺、Mg²⁺和Cd²⁺的结合比为1∶1,结合核...     

溶胶-凝胶法制备硅系有机-无机杂化分离膜

以α-Al₂O₃多孔陶瓷片为载体,用溶胶-凝胶法制备有机-无机杂化分离膜.通过考察前驱物的组成及杂化溶胶的合成条件对制膜工艺过程的影响,得到了制备有机-无机杂化分离膜的各种适宜性参数.红外光谱(FTIR)分析结果表明,杂化溶胶的性能不仅决定分离膜的性能,而且对膜热处理过程中的龟裂有很大影响.膜层的厚度为1～2μm;在膜两侧压差为0.10MPa、n(PTMOS)/n(TEOS)=1.16时,膜对O₂/N₂,CO₂/N₂和CO₂/O₂的分离因子分别为2.30,4.31和1.17,渗透系数为75.81×10^-17,75.28×10^-17和72.78×10^-17m₃(STP)·m/(m₂·s·Pa).     

金属螯合亲和膜吸附分离与纯化溶菌酶的研究(Ⅱ)──不同金属螯合亲和膜对溶菌酶的吸附性能

采用低温氧或氨等离子体法改性聚丙烯微孔膜,基于等离子体改性膜的活化、偶联及螯合过程的机理,制备了Fe³⁺,Ni²⁺,Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺等金属离子螯合亲和膜,并用于溶菌酶的吸-脱附实验.实验结果表明,Ni²⁺和Cu²⁺离子螯合亲和膜对溶菌酶具有较高的吸附量,螯合过程中采用氯化物盐溶液制得的膜对溶菌酶吸附量比采用硫酸盐溶液制得的膜的吸附量高.两种膜的重复吸-脱附性能相近,而Fe³⁺螯合亲和膜基本上不能用于重复吸-脱附实验.采用补充金属螯合离子,能部分恢复亲和膜对溶菌酶的吸附量,是实现亲和膜重复使用的有效方法.     

开链冠醚Schiff碱配体与过渡金属离子相互作用研究

合成了开链冠醚Schiff碱配体H₂L(H₂L=N,N′-双(邻羟苯亚甲基)-3,6-二氧杂-1,8-二氨基辛烷).详细研究了该配体在不同溶剂中和过渡金属离子存在下的荧光光谱,探讨了溶剂极性和不同金属离子对其荧光光谱的影响.结果表明:溶剂的极性和金属离子对其荧光性质有较大影响,随着溶剂极性的减小,配体的荧光增强,且谱峰发生蓝移.金属离子Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺对配体具有荧光增敏作用,Ni²⁺、Cu²⁺具有荧光猝灭作用.探讨了配体与金属离子结合的pH范围,结果显示最佳pH值为7—8.     

在冷轧钢板表面制备二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸-锌化学转化膜及其腐蚀防护性能的研究

本文通过调节二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸酯（DTPMPA）与Zn²⁺浓度以及溶液的pH值,将冷轧钢板浸泡于含有DTPMPA和Zn²⁺的混合溶液中即可在基体表面形成颜色均匀且具优异腐蚀防护性能的DTPMPA-Zn²⁺化学转化膜. 使用 SEM 和 EDS 研究了DTPMPA-Zn²⁺转化膜的表面形貌和元素组成,利用FTIR和XPS光谱方法探究了化学转化膜的表面官能团、化学组分及官能团与基底的结合方式,进而通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）和极化曲线方法探究了DTPMPA浓度及成膜溶液pH值对化学转化膜的耐蚀性能的影响. 研究发现,DTPMPA与Zn²⁺共存时,二者发生螯合反应,并以Zn²⁺为交联剂通过多层组装在冷轧钢基体表面形成外观为蓝色的、厚度较为均匀的DTPMPA-Zn²⁺螯合物薄膜. 当成膜溶液的 pH=3.0、DTPMPA浓度为0.2%（除特别指出外,全文浓度均为质量百分数）、Zn²⁺浓度为0.044%时,化学转化膜展现出最优异的防腐性能,对基体的腐蚀保护效率可达91.6%.     

固定化细胞酶法拆分N-乙酰-D,L-3-甲氧基丙氨酸

利用氨基酰化酶固定化细胞酶法拆分了N-乙酰-D,L-3-甲氧基丙氨酸. 考察了温度、pH值、底物浓度、金属离子和拆分时间对酶促反应的影响. 确定了氨基酰化酶固定化细胞手性拆分N-乙酰-D,L-3-甲氧基丙氨酸的最佳工艺条件为pH=7.0, 反应温度50 ℃及底物浓度500 mmol/L. 10^-4 mol/L的Co²⁺和Mg²⁺对氨基酰化酶有显著激活作用, Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺对酶促反应有明显抑制作用. 在最佳条件下, 氨基酰化酶固定化细胞对N-乙酰-L-3-甲氧基丙氨酸的摩尔转化率达96%.     

含席夫碱基二茂铁-蒽二元化合物的合成及其阳离子多信号识别

合成了一种含席夫碱基团的二茂铁-蒽二元化合物1, 并研究了其金属离子识别时紫外-可见光谱, 荧光光谱及电化学变化. 在各种金属离子中, 1 对Cr³⁺, Cu²⁺及Hg²⁺显示出多种信号响应识别: 1 位于407 nm 的Fe(II)→Cp 的荷移光谱发生约100 nm 红移, 且颜色由黄色变为红色, 同时使其Fe(III)/Fe(II)电位向阳极移动. 同时, 荧光光谱表明1 仅对Cr³⁺显示荧光增强效应.     

淀粉酶产色链霉菌TUST2中ε-聚赖氨酸降解酶的纯化和性质

分离得到产抗菌聚氨基酸ε-聚赖氨酸菌株淀粉酶产色链霉菌TUST2, 从中纯化了ε-聚赖氨酸降解酶, 并对其性质进行了研究. 结果表明, 该酶为膜结合蛋白. 为提取该降解酶, 先收集菌体细胞并用超声波破碎, 细胞膜部分用1.0 mol/L NaSCN溶液溶解. 将粗酶液进行Sephadex G100凝胶柱层析分离. 用100 mmol/L磷酸缓冲液洗脱, 收集活性部分. 纯化后的样品用SDS-PAGE检测, 酶亚基分子量约为54700. 酶活力在pH=6.0~9.0间稳定, 最适宜pH=7.0. 酶的最适温度为30 ℃, 在10～50 ℃水浴30 min酶活力未见明显下降. 研究了不同金属离子对酶活力的影响, 结果表明, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺和Fe³⁺可分别提高酶活力29.72%, 15.85%和15.08%; 但Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, Co²⁺和Mn²⁺对酶活力有强烈的抑制作用. Ca²⁺, K⁺和Ba²⁺对酶活力没有影响. 添加4%Tween-80能提高酶活力10%, 但EDTA能强烈抑制酶活力. 研究结果表明, 此降解酶的性质与白色链霉菌产生的ε-聚赖氨酸降解酶的性质相似.     

Langmuir膜及LB膜中的金属参与

本文主要介绍了金属离子与Langmuir膜及LB膜相互作用中静电、配位等作用方式及其对膜相态和分子二维排列的影响。在此基础上探讨了Langmuir膜对金属离子的识别与传感。以Langmuir膜和LB膜为二维模板诱导无机盐定向生长作为金属/单分子膜结合的重要应用在文中也进行了讨论。通过举例展示了金属离子参与的Langmuir膜和LB膜催化有机反应的特点。最后对金属参与的Langmuir膜和LB膜在功能化和器件化等方面的研究也作了论述， 并通过介绍金属螯合类脂分子的Langmuir膜在蛋白质等生物大分子界面定向聚集研究中的应用表明了金属参与的Langmuir膜及LB 膜在生命科学研究中的意义。全文贯穿了金属结合调节Langmuir膜和LB膜组装结构以及通过金属结合导入功能基团进行有序组装的思想。     

Tuning the arrangement of mono-crown ether-substituted phthalocyanines in Langmuir-Blodgett films by the length of alkyl chains and the cation in subphase

Amphiphilic phthalocyanines with one crown ether and three alkyl chain substitutions can form stable monolayers on a water surface. This monolayer can be transferred to a substrate by a vertical dipping method. The arrangement of phthalocyanine molecules in LB films was affected by the length of alkyl chains and the coordination of alkali ions in crown ether. Davydov splitting was observed in the absorption spectra of the LB films of phthalocyanine with the shortest alkyl chain substitutions, and this splitting was affected by the alkali ions in the subphase.     

用“表面离子”法制备组分可控的LB膜超分子体系

综述了LB膜超分子体系中“表面离子”法的概念及其与传统的“亚相离子”法的区别. 分别以钌螯合物(Ru(ph2phen)32＋)和金属β-二酮螯合物为例,详细描述这两类不同的“表面离子”在水面上的成膜作用机理,并举例说明“表面离子”法在铺展膜和LB膜中,功能分子二维密度和凝聚态结构精确可调,并对“表面离子”法在多功能分子体系中的应用作了详细描述.     

胆红素有序分子膜的行为研究

研究了不同亚相表面胆红素(BR)单分子膜和LB膜的性质,讨论了胆红素分子在有序分子膜中的堆积密度、分子伸展和金属离子配位。在气-水界面,BR与金属离子的配位导致BR单分子截面积、崩溃压和可见紫外光谱的变化。原子力显微镜表明BR-Cu单分子膜的厚渡为1.23 nm。     

Metal Ion Complexation of Bilirubin Monolayer

Recently.biomimeticstrategieshavefocusedontheapplicationofbioinorganicnanocompositesandshapedhybridmaterialswithmicroscaleorganization'.Becauseoftheimportanceofbilepigmentsinphysiologicalsystemsuchascalciumbilirubinates,themaincomponentofblack-pigmentgallstones,anabnormalproductofbiomineralizationinmammalbodiesandcopperbilirubinate,afree-radicalscavengerinbileandprotectingphospholipidsfromperoxidation',agreatdealofattentionhasalreadybeengiventothestudyofbilirubin(BR)andotherbilepigments'.Excel…     

Effect of Metal Ions on the Formation and Properties of Monolayers and Nanosized Langmuir-Blodgett Films Based on Diphilic Aminomethylated Calix[4]resorcinarenes

The behavior of the monolayers of three diphilic aminomethylated calix[4]resorcinarene (CRA) derivatives on the surface of a pure aqueous subphase and subphase containing copper(II), nickel(II), europium(III), terbium(III), and lanthanum(III) ions was investigated. The monolayer transfer to the quartz and single-crystal silicon substrates was accomplished by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. The films were studied by ellipsometry and mass-spectrometry. Metal ions were found to exert effect on the limit area per one CRA molecule in the monolayer, on the surface collapse pressure and transfer coefficient of monolayer, and on the thickness and refractive index of the CRA-based LB films.     

Lignin from sugar cane bagasse: extraction, fabrication of nanostructured films, and application

Four lignin samples were extracted from sugar cane bagasse using four different alcohols (methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, and 1-butanol) via the organosolv-CO2 supercritical pulping process. Langmuir films were characterized by surface pressure vs mean molecular area (Pi-A) isotherms to exploit information at the molecular level carrying out stability tests, cycles of compression/expansion (hysteresis), subphase temperature variations, and metallic ions dissolved into the water subphase at different concentrations. Briefly, it was observed that these lignins are relatively stable on the water surface when compared to those obtained via different extraction processes. Besides, the Pi-A isotherms are shifted to smaller molecular areas at higher subphase temperatures and to larger molecular areas when the metallic ions are dissolved into the subphase. The results are related to the formation of stable aggregates (domains) onto the water subphase by these lignins, as shown in the Pi-A isotherms. It was found as well that the most stable lignin monolayer onto the water subphase is that extracted with 1-butanol. Homogeneous Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of this lignin could be produced as confirmed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and the cumulative transfer parameter. In addition, FTIR analysis showed that this lignin LB film is structured in a way that the phenyl groups are organized preferentially parallel to the substrate surface. Further, these LB films were deposited onto gold interdigitated electrodes and ITO and applied in studies involving the detection of Cd+2 ions in aqueous solutions at low concentration levels through impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical measurements. FTIR spectroscopy was carried out before and after soaking the thin films into Cd+2 aqueous solutions, revealing a possible physical interaction between the lignin phenyl groups and the heavy metal ions. The importance of using nanostructured systems is demonstrated as well by comparing both LB and cast films.     

Langmuir–Blodgett films of stearic acid deposited on substrates at different orientations relative to compression direction: alignment layer for nematic liquid crystal

The Langmuir monolayer at an air–water interface shows remarkably different surface pressure (π)–area (A) isotherm, when measured with the surface normal of a Wilhelmy plate parallel or perpendicular to the direction of compression of the monolayer. Such difference arises due to difference in stress exerted by the monolayer on the plate in different direction. In this article, we report the effect of changing the direction of substrate normal with respect to the compression of the monolayer during Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) film deposition on the morphology of the films. The morphology of the LB film of stearic acid is studied using an atomic force microscope. The morphology of the LB films is found to be different due to difference in the stress in different directions. The role of such surface morphology on the alignment of a nematic liquid crystal (LC) in LC cells is studied. The granular texture of LB films of stearic acid supports the homogeneous alignment of the LC whereas the uniform texture supports the homeotropic alignment of the LC.     

亚相金属离子与两亲配体LB膜相互作用的研究

The complex formation of 2-hexadecylcarbamoyl-8-hydroxyquinoline(HHQ) monolayers at the air/water interface by reaction with metal ions from the subphase was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The formation of HHQ-metal complexes leads to the appearance of new peaks assigned to the metal ions. The information on stoichimoetry provided by XPS indicated that a metal ion is coordinated by two HHQ molecules for La3+ and Cd2+ ions, but by one HHQ molecule for Mn2+ and Ni2+ ions.     

Micro- and nanopatterned copper structures using directed self-assembly on templates fabricated from phase-separated mixed Langmuir-Blodgett films

We report a versatile method to confine metal thin films in micro- and nanopatterns using directed self-assembly on the templates fabricated from phase-separated mixed Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. The pattern of the mixed LB films can be tuned by adjusting intermolecular interaction between the film-forming molecules in the LB films and by varying the fabrication conditions of the films such as the mixing ratio, subphase temperature, and surface pressure. We use the patterned LB films for templates to confine metal in patterned regions, taking advantage of the difference between the surface free energy of the patterned regions and that of the self-assembled monolayer of the silane coupling agent. Au nanoparticles are confined onto the patterned films as a catalyst for the succeeding Cu electroless deposition. The atomic force microscopic images, Auger electron spectra, and scanning Auger electron maps of a Cu-deposited film show that Cu is selectively deposited on the patterns of phase separation of the original mixed LB films.