Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰玻碳电极对对硝基苯酚的电化学检测北大核心CSCD

本实验采用水热法合成了Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)纳米粒子,并将其滴涂至玻碳电极(GCE)上形成Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰电极,通过循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测试了修饰电极的电化学性能,并用于检测水中的对硝基苯酚。研究了Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)的修饰量、电解质缓冲溶液的pH值和扫描速率对修饰电极的电催化性能的影响。研究结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,经Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰过的电极对对硝基苯酚表现出优异的检测性能,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.33~3000μmol·L^(-1)和0.08μmol·L^(-1)。该修饰电极具有良好的选择性、重复性与稳定性,应用于实际水样目标物的检测,回收率在95.7%~102.7%之间。     

氨基改性Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米材料修饰电极同时测定Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)北大核心CSCD

采用溶剂热法一步合成氨基改性的Fe_(2)O_(4)(NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4))纳米材料,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射等方法对合成纳米材料进行表征,并将NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)滴涂在玻碳电极(GCE)表面制成电化学传感电极(NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)/GCE)。结果发现,NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)/GCE在最优条件下可以同时测定Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+),Cd^(2+)在1.2×10^(-8)~9.6×10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)浓度范围内与峰电流值呈良好的线性关系(R=0.9949),检测限为1.4×10^(-9)mol·L^(-1);Pb^(2+)在4.8×10^(-8)~9.6×10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)时浓度范围内与峰电流值呈良好的线性关系(R=0.9843),检测限是2.7×10^(-9)mol·L^(-1)。     

一锅法制备Co3O4/g-C3N4复合光催化剂及其光催化性能

以三聚氰胺和六水合氯化钴为原料,一锅法制备Co_3O_4负载的多孔石墨相氮化碳(Co_3O_4/g-C_3N_4)复合光催化材料。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、光致发光光谱(PL)等手段对其结构和光学特性进行表征。以盐酸四环素(TC)为目标污染物,评价了不同负载量Co_3O_4/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的可见光催化性能。结果表明,所制备的Co_3O_4/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂为多孔结构,其比表面积较大,并在可见光区域具有显著的吸收。利用原位生成的Co_3O_4纳米粒子在氮化碳表面形成异质结构,可有效转移光生载流子,降低光生电子-空穴的再结合率,从而提高光催化活性。并且存在最佳Co_3O_4复合量,当六水合氯化钴加入量为三聚氰胺的8%(w/w)时,所制备的复合光催化剂CoCN-8具有最佳的光催化性能。在可见光的照射下,60 min内可降解85%的TC,而同样条件下,纯g-C_3N_4仅降解23%的TC。     

高比容量锂离子电池正极材料LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)的制备及性能北大核心CSCD

以LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)为研究对象,通过共沉淀法制备了不同F物质的量分数(0%、1%、3%、5%)的LiNi_(0.6)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)O_(2)三元正极材料(NCM),通过对NCM材料的晶格结构、微观形貌、电化学性能进行分析,结果表明:F掺杂后提高了NCM材料的结晶度,降低了阳离子混乱程度,适量的F掺杂有助于减小NCM三元正极材料的尺寸和提高均匀性,F的掺杂还能够降低NCM三元正极材料的极化现象,初始放电比容量随着F的掺杂含量升高呈现出先升高后降低的趋势,循环性能随着F的掺杂得到了提高,F掺杂物质的量分数为3%的NCM三元正极材料初始放电比容量167.2 mA·h/g,容量保持率达到98.5%,阻抗较小,电化学性能最优。     

Co3O4/CeO2异质结制备及其在碱性介质中电催化析氧性能

通过简易的两步法制备一系列Co_3O_4/CeO_2异质结。其结构、形貌和微结构分别通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)表征。在碱性介质中,其电催化析氧性能随着Co_3O_4/CeO_2质量比的变化而变化,并有一最佳值。当Co_3O_4和CeO_2质量比为58.5%时,在1.0 mol·L~(-1)KOH溶液中,10 mA·cm~(-2)的电流密度下,过电位为347 mV,Tafel斜率为72.7mV·dec~(-1),并且稳定性良好。此时的过电位低于Co_3O_4(440 mV)、商用RuO_2(359 mV)和CeO_2(570 mV)。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)显示Co_3O_4的部分电子向CeO_2转移。这导致复合材料的导电性提高,CeO_2表面的氧空位浓度和活性氧物种增加。     

二氧化铈促进钴氧化物表面氧化一氧化碳的原位表征研究

CO氧化由其广泛的应用而成为催化领域中研究的重要反应,Co_3O_4催化剂具有价格低廉、催化活性高等优点而引起研究者的关注,其中,催化剂的结构、表面特性及反应机理等是研究的重点.催化剂的原位研究对观察相变过程,理解相应的表面化学反应和反应机理起着重要的作用.本文采用煅烧法制备了Ce O_2掺杂的Co_3O_4,并对其催化CO氧化反应性能进行了研究.通过扫描电镜、高分辨率透射电镜、拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱对催化剂的微观结构和形态进行了表征.通过原位X射线衍射(原位XRD)和原位漫反射红外傅立叶变换光谱(原位DRIFTS)表征了Ce O_2掺杂Co_3O_4对CO氧化的效果.原位XRD测试是在氢气气氛中进行,借以评估催化剂的氧化还原特性.结果表明,由于Ce O_2的补氧能力,CeO_2掺杂可以提高Co~(2+)的还原能力,并促进了Co~(3+)-Co~(2+)-Co~(3+)循环.采用原位DRIFTS对CeO_2改性的Co_3O_4表面吸附的碳酸盐物种进行了探究.结果表明,吸附碳酸盐物种的CeO_2掺杂Co_3O_4催化剂的红外峰与纯Co_3O_4相比有所不同.CeO_2掺杂的Co_3O_4上吸附的碳酸盐物种较为活泼,其与催化剂表面的结合作用力比较弱,不会覆盖催化剂表面的活性位点,能有效抑制催化剂的失活.本文揭示了CeO_2掺杂Co_3O_4促进CO氧化的机理,为设计高效氧化CO的催化剂提供了理论支持.原位XRD的结果表明,由于CeO_2的补氧能力,引入CeO_2可以显著提高Co~(2+)的稳定性.换句话说,它可以通过降低Co~(2+)的氧化能力来提高Co~(2+)的还原能力,有利于促进Co~(3+)-Co~(2+)-Co~(3+)循环的稳定性,从而使Co~(2+)更容易转化为Co~(3+).原位DRIFTS表明,在某种程度上,吸附在CeO_2-Co_3O_4表面的碳酸盐物种呈游离态,与催化剂表面的结合作用力较弱.这种类型的碳酸盐更活泼,而且不会像那些强作用在催化剂表面的碳酸盐物种那样使表面钝化.CeO_2-Co_3O_4与Co_3O_4的表面吸附的碳酸盐物种的差异是由于引入的CeO_2对氧化钴表面进行修饰改性的结果.在高温和N_2气氛下进行预处理后,CeO_2表面变得光洁且形成了一些氧空位,其特殊的储氧能力通过弱吸附氧使其表面更加活泼.这些结果证实,经过CeO_2的修饰后,氧化钴表面更加活泼,且更适合CO氧化反应的发生.     

自制Co_(3)O_(4)多孔材料净化-气相色谱法测定蔬菜中4种有机磷农药的残留量北大核心CSCD

以题示方法测定蔬菜样品中磷胺、倍硫磷、喹硫磷、丙溴磷等4种有机磷农药的残留量。采用硝酸钴和甘氨酸燃烧法制备Co_(3)O_(4)多孔材料,通过粉末X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射电子扫描显微镜(FESEM)、吸附比表面测试(BET)、热重分析(TG)对材料进行了表征,结果表明,该净化剂为具有层状疏松多孔结构的尖晶石型Co_(3)O_(4)材料,比表面积为22.054 m~2·g^(-1),Co_(3)O_(4)的质量分数为87.0%。蔬菜样品经切碎、研磨后,分取2.5 g,用甲苯5.0 mL涡旋提取5 min。离心,分取4.0 mL上清液,加入0.07 g Co_(3)O_(4)多孔材料,涡旋净化5 min。离心,分取0.6 mL上清液,过0.22μm滤膜,滤液进入气相色谱仪,在HP-5毛细管色谱柱上用程序升温条件分离,用火焰光度检测器测定。结果显示,Co_(3)O_(4)多孔材料的用量仅为QuEChERS法的百分之一;4种有机磷农药均在15 min内实现了基线分离,磷胺还实现了顺反异构的拆分和分离;标准曲线的线性范围分别为0.032~0.60 mg·L^(-1)(磷胺和丙溴磷)和0.016~0.30 mg·L^(-1)(倍硫磷和喹硫磷),检出限(3S/N)为0.004~0.010 mg·L^(-1)。对空白油麦菜样品进行4个浓度水平的加标回收试验,4种有机磷农药的回收率为89.2%~95.8%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均不大于7.0%;方法用于11种蔬菜样品的分析,均未检出4种有机磷农药的残留,符合GB 2763-2021的规定。     

Li_4Ti_5O_(12)/(Ag+C)极材料的固相合成及电化学性能

以Li_2CO_3,TiO_2为原料,葡萄糖为碳源,采用固相煅烧工艺合成了亚微米级的Li_4Ti_5O_(12)/C复合负极材料.并将之与AgNO_3复合,采用固相方法制备出了Ag表面修饰的Li_4Ti_5O_(12)(AG+C)复合材料.采用XRD、SEM和TEM测试方法对材料的微结构进行了表征.结果表明,C的存在对Ag单质在Li_4Ti_5O_(12)/C颗粒表面的大量形成起到了积极的促进作用.从而很大程度地提高了Li_4Ti_5O_(12)/C的电导率,因此有效地改善了其电化学性能.在1C倍率下,Li_4Ti_5O_(12)/(Ag+C)复合材料的首次放电容量达到了164 mAh·g(-1).     

LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.15)O_2合成和结构与电化学性能关系

介绍了一种以LiOH·H_2O, Co_2O_3和Ni_2O_3为原料通过高温法合成LiNi_(0. 85)Co_(0.15)O_2的方法，通过XRD和电化学测试对制得的产物进行了表征，讨论了 合成条件对产物结构的影响以及结构与电化学性能之间的关系。实验结果表明，合 成反应温度、Li/Ni/Co摩尔比对LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.15)O_2的结构和电化学性能有 较大的影响，合成出具有电化学活性的LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.15)O_2需要严格控制反 应条件。本文合成出具有高度结晶层状结构的LiNi_(0.85)Co_(0.15)O_2, Rietveld精化结果表明a = 0.2874 nm, c = 1.4229 nm，最大晶胞体积V = 0. 10180 nm~3，其首次放电容量可达197 mA·h/g, 15次循环后，其放电容量仍在 180 mA·h/g以上。     

钛基氧化物电极的性能及电化学行为

本文研究了某些氧化物中间层对Ti/PbO_2、Ti/MnO_2、Ti/Co_3O_4和Ti/CuCo_2O_4电极性能及电化学行为的影响。结果表明,Ti/MnO_2或Ti/PbO_2电极在加入Co_3O_4、PdO_x、SnO_2或Sb_2O_3中间层后,界面电阻大大降低。在低于出现电阻极化电流密度时,极化曲线符合Tafel规律(无论对于O_2或Cl_2,低极化区的Tafel斜率为厶b_1=2.303RT/(1+β)F;高极化区为b_2=2,303RT/βF,其中β=0.5)这时主要为电化学极化。对有中间层Sb_2O_3+PdO_x的Ti/PbO_2电极和具有中间层SnO_2+PdO_x的Ti/Co_3O_4电极,其阳极析Cl_2的反应活性与工业用的Ti/RuO_2+TiO_2电极相近,而氧的过电位则高于Ti/RuO_2+TiO_2电极。     

Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Co3O4/Graphene

Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composites were synthesized via a simple electrochemical method from graphene oxide and Co（NO3）2·6H2O as raw materials.Co3O4 nanoparticles with sizes of around 30-50 nm were distributed on the surface of graphene nanosheets confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.Electrochemical properties of Co3O4/graphene composite were tested by cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge,and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite was used as the pseudocapacitor electrode in the 2 mol/L NaOH aqueous electrolyte solution.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 357 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in a three-electrode system.72％ of capacitance was retained when the current density increased to 3 A/g.The Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide composite prepared electrodes show a high rate capability and excellent long-term stability.After 1000 cycles of charge and discharge,the capacitance is still maintained 87％ at a current density of 1 A/g,indicating that the composite is a oromising alternative electrode material used for supercapacitors.     

MOF derived Co3O4/N-doped carbon nanotubes hybrids as efficient catalysts for sensitive detection of H2O2 and glucose

Developing enzyme-free sensors with high sensitivity and selectivity for H2O2 and glucose is highly desirable for biological science.Especially,it is attractive to exploit noble-metal-free nanomaterials with large surface area and good conductivity as highly active and selective catalysts for molecular detection in enzyme-free sensors.Herein,we successfully fabricate hollow frameworks of Co3O4/N-doped carbon nanotubes(Co3O4/NCNTs)hybrids by the pyrolysis of metal-organic frameworks followed by calcination in the air.The as-prepared novel hollow Co3O4/NCNTs hybrids exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for H2O2 reduction in neutral solutions and glucose oxidation in alkaline solutions.As sensor electrode,the Co3O4/NCNTs show excellent non-enzymatic sensing ability towards H2O2 response with a sensitivity of 87.40μA(mmol/L)^-1 cm^-2,a linear range of 5.00μmol/L-11.00 mmol/L,and a detection limitation of 1μmol/L in H2O2 detection,and a good glucose detection performance with 5μmol/L.These excellent electrochemical performances endow the hollow Co3O4/NCNTs as promising alternative to enzymes in the biological applications.     

Catalytic decomposition of H2O2 on Co3O4 doped with MgO and V2O5

The effects of doping of Co₃O₄with MgO (0.4–6 mol%) and V₂O₅ (0.20–0.75 mol%) on its surface and catalytic properties were investigated using nitrogen adsorption at −196°C and decomposition of H₂O₂ at 30–50°C. Pure and doped samples were prepared by thermal decomposition in air at 500–900°C, of pure basic cobalt carbonate and basic carbonate treated with different proportions of magnesium nitrate and ammonium vanadate. The results revealed that, V₂O₅ doping followed by precalcination at 500–900°C did not much modify the specific surface area of the treated Co₃O₄ solid. Treatment of Co₃O₄ with MgO at 500–900°C resulted in a significant increase in the specific surface area of cobaltic oxide. The catalytic activity in H₂O₂ decomposition, of Co₃O₄ was found to suffer a considerable increase by treatment with MgO. The maximum increase in the catalytic reaction rate constant (k) measured at 40°C on Co₃O₄ due to doping with 3 mol% MgO attained 218, 590 and 275% for the catalysts precalcined at 500, 700 and 900°C, respectively. V₂O₅-doping of Co₃O₄ brought about a significant progressive decrease in its catalytic activity. The maximum decrease in the reaction rate constant measured at 40°C over the 0.75 mol% V₂O₅-doped Co₃O₄ solid attained 68 and 93% for the catalyst samples precalcined at 500 and 900°C, respectively. The doping process did not modify the activation energy of the catalyzed reaction but much modified the concentration of catalytically active constituents without changing their energetic nature. MgO-doping increased the concentration of CO³⁺–CO²⁺ ion pairs and created Mg²⁺–CO³⁺ ion pairs increasing thus the number of active constituents involved in the catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂. V₂O₅-doping exerted an opposite effect via decreasing the number of CO³⁺–CO²⁺ ion pairs besides the possible formation of cobalt vanadate.     

CeO2/Co3O4氧载体的制备及其甲烷化学链燃烧性能研究

制备了系列甲烷化学链燃烧用CeO₂/Co₃O₄复合氧载体,采用XRD、H₂-TPR、甲烷程序升温和恒温反应对氧载体进行了表征与评价。研究了不同CeO₂的负载量对复合氧载体的结构、氧化还原性、产物选择性的影响。结果表明,氧化铈的添加不仅降低了氧载体的初始反应温度,还延长了有效反应时间,但铈添加量过高会降低产物CO₂选择性,使甲烷向部分氧化进行。CeO₂(30%)/Co₃O₄氧载体在650 ℃经20次循环后甲烷转化率和CO₂选择性均未明显降低,表现出较高的活性和化学链循环稳定性。     

锂空气电池高容量长寿命Co3O4纳米空心球阴极催化剂

以六水合硝酸钴（Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O）、六次甲基四胺（HMT）、蔗糖、柠檬酸钠（Na₃C₆H₅O₇）为原料,140 ^oC下水热碳化处理即得反应前驱物,经煅烧处理后,可得多孔Co₃O₄纳米空心球. 锂空气电池Co₃O₄/SP阴极催化剂具有优异的循环寿命性能,这归因于Co₃O₄空心球的纳米颗粒构成、较高比表面积的多孔结构,为电池反应提供了大量的反应位点,为充放电产物提供了足够的存储空间.     

柠檬酸对MoO3/CeO2-Al2O3催化剂耐硫甲烷化性能的影响

将柠檬酸（CA）作为络合剂添加至CeO₂-Al₂O₃复合载体中,并考察了CA对MoO₃/CeO₂-Al₂O₃催化剂耐硫甲烷化性能的影响。活性评价结果显示,催化剂活性随柠檬酸添加量的增大而增大,当n（CA）/n（Ce）为3时,CO转化率可达60%。催化剂BET、XRD、H₂-TPR及XPS等表征结果表明,在CeO₂-Al₂O₃复合载体中加入CA,可以增大载体及催化剂的比表面积,使Mo物种分散性提高。同时,CA对Ce物种起络合作用,致使催化剂表面Ce元素含量明显增加,进而减弱了活性组分Mo物种与载体间相互作用力,并最终导致了催化剂活性的提升。     

氧化还原沉淀法制备Mn-Ce-Co-Ox/PPS滤料及其低温SCR活性

先用十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）对聚苯硫醚（PPS）滤料进行表面改性,随后通过氧化还原沉淀法制得不同质量比的Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料。考察了复合滤料在低温选择性催化还原（SCR）反应过程中的催化活性,并通过XRD、FESEM、TEM和XPS等表征手段对复合滤料的结构及性能进行表征分析。结果表明,Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料在120-160 ℃时的脱硝效率达到86%-100%,明显优于超声法制备的Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS-UM复合滤料的低温SCR活性,且1.2Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料的活性最优。1.2Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料中MnO₂、Ce₂O₃、CeO₂、CoO、Co₃O₄以蜂窝状形式均匀分散在PPS纤维表面,且呈弱结晶性结构;其较高的Ce³⁺/（Ce³⁺+Ce⁴⁺）比值和Co元素浓度是该1.2Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料具有优异低温SCR活性的主要原因。此外,与Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS-UM复合滤料相比,1.2Mn-Ce-Co-O_x/PPS复合滤料也具有良好的抗H₂O和抗SO₂性能。     

Low-temperature and stable CO oxidation of Co3O4/TiO2 monolithic catalysts

Highly efficient Co₃O₄/TiO₂ monolithic catalysts with enhanced stability were in-situ grown on Ti mesh for CO oxidation,which could completely oxidize CO at 120℃.The comprehensive catalytic performance is competitive to some noble metal catalysts and conventional Co₃O₄ powder catalysts,which holds great potential toward industrial applications.Meanwhile,the in-situ synthesis strategy of Co₃O₄/TiO₂ monolithic catalysts on flexible mesh substrate in this work can be extended to the development of a variety of oxide-based monolithic catalysts towards diverse catalysis applications.     

Electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on nano-composite of Co3O4 and multiwalled carbon nanotube

Nanocomposite of Co₃O₄ and MCNT was synthesised using one step solvothermal method, and an electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor (Co₃O₄-MCNT/GCE) was successfully constructed. This sensor was used successfully for the quantitative analysis of trace glucose in serum sample.     

还原-氧化预处理对Co_3O_4催化分解N_2O性能的影响

采用液相沉淀法制备了Co_3O_4催化剂,并对其进行还原-氧化预处理制得Co_3O_4-RO。通过XRD、N_2-physisorption、Raman、H_2-TPR、XPS和O_2-TPD等技术对催化剂进行表征,在连续流动微反应装置上考察了催化剂催化分解N_2O性能。结果表明,经过还原-氧化预处理,与Co_3O_4催化剂相比,Co_3O_4-RO结晶度变差,晶粒粒径减小,尤其是尖晶石结构重构过程削弱了Co-O键,增强了催化剂表面的氧物种脱附能力,降低了催化分解N_2O反应的活化能,因而显著提高了催化剂的催化活性。同时,Co_3O_4-RO对原料气中的O_22%(体积分数)和H_2O 2. 3%(体积分数)表现出较强的耐受性。