基于区间数据分析的各学科期刊发展现状研究

由于学科的自身特点和统计源的学科结构特点,不同学科期刊具有显著差异。但由于期刊数量庞大,评价指标多种多样,很难从宏观上把握各学科期刊的整体特点,对学科间差异给出科学的判断。本文以SCI期刊为研究对象,用区间数据代表各学科期刊,采用因素区间数据PCA算法探寻反映期刊水平的关键指标,并利用区间数据投影的方式绘制主平面图,反映各学科期刊的整体特点及我国期刊在国际上的地位。     

Interplay between local and international journals: The case of Sicily, 1880–1920

In 1884, Giovan Battista Guccia founded first the Circolo Matematico di Palermo and then some years later its journal, the Rendiconti del Circolo Matematico di Palermo. Although historians of mathematics have published a number of works on the Circolo and the Rendiconti, there are very few systematic studies on mathematics in Sicilian periodicals. In our paper, we shall investigate the relationships between the “international” Rendiconti and the “local” proceedings published by the Sicilian academies located in Catania, Messina, and Palermo. What is the image of mathematics that emerges from these journals? What is the presence of Sicilian mathematicians among the authors in the different cases? May we recognize a Sicilian dynamics in mathematics and, if so, in what sense?     

Une ambition éditoriale “universelle et confraternelle” : le bulletin bibliographique de L'Enseignement mathématique (1899–1920)

In 1899 Henri Fehr and Charles Laisant founded L'Enseignement mathématique (EM) with the ambition to involve teachers in the then-growing internationalization movement of mathematics. To this purpose, their editorial project gave an important place to a bibliographical bulletin reviewing periodicals which could be of interest for the world of mathematical education. This article is dedicated to the study of this bulletin, from its creation to the 1920s, and to the initiatives and choices that Laisant and Fehr made to carry out this internationalist editorial ambition, as well as to the limits and constraints of their project. During that time, many bibliographical initiatives for periodicals developed in the mathematical press, which can be considered as a first form of interaction between journals. Our study will concern initially the year 1899 and this interaction in which EM took part, dealing at first with the bulletin of EM, then, secondly, with the confrontation between bibliographical sections of other journals. Lastly, considering the first thirty years of the 20th century, we will study the different dynamics at work in the world of mathematical periodicals which the EM serves to depict.     

The interplay of various Scandinavian mathematical journals (1859–1953) and the road towards internationalization

The merger of various Nordic mathematical journals in 1953 into Mathematica Scandinavica (for research) and into Nordisk Matematisk Tidsskrift (for the more elementary topics, from 1979 NORMAT) confirmed increasing cooperation between matured Scandinavian mathematical communities. The merger originated from practical considerations including the wish to have a critical mass for economically viable publications.The present paper presents the basic steps in the development of several Scandinavian mathematical journals from 1859, the year of the foundation of the first general mathematical journal in a Scandinavian language, the Danish Mathematisk Tidsskrift, through various converging and diverging tendencies, towards the events of the year 1953.     

A note on Grzegorczyk's logic

Grzegorczyk's modal logic (Grz) corresponds to the class of upwards well‐founded partially ordered Kripke frames, however all known proofs of this fact utilize some form of the Axiom of Choice; G. Boolos asked in [1], whether it is provable in plain ZF. We answer his question negatively: Grz corresponds (in ZF) to a class of frames, which does not provably coincide with upwards well‐founded posets in ZF alone. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

扩大再生产条件下的国际价值、 贸易利益与经济增长

以马克思的社会资本再生产理论和国际价值理论为基础,通过阐述社会资本再生产过程中两部门的经济增长与基于国际不等价交换、国际价值与国别价值的比较而形成的国际贸易利益的关系,对国际贸易与经济增长问题进行了简要分析.在国际贸易过程中,基于国际不等价交换的贸易利益或损失会导致各国相关部门的经济增长发生变化,从国际不等价交换中获得较多国际贸易利润的国家及其相关部门,其经济增长率较高;反之,从国际不等价交换中遭受国际贸易利益损害的国家及其相关部门,其经济增长率下降.     

‘Experimental pedagogy’ in Germany,elaborated for mathematics – a case study in searching the roots of PME

PME, the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, was founded in 1976, at the Third International Congress on Mathematical Education in Karlsruhe, organised by the International Commission on Mathematics Instruction (ICMI). While PME is thus beyond coming of age and is reflecting its further orientation – due to the present “social turn” – the origins of investigating psychological aspects of mathematics learning have not yet been systematically studied. I am undertaking here a first such approach, concentrating on Germany, where the first pertinent monographs were published in 1913 and 1916. Different endeavours, focussing in particular on the notion of error, merged into the characteristic approach of ‘experimental pedagogy’. Given the key function of ICMI for founding PME, an additional aspect is whether the forerunner of ICMI: the Internationale Mathematische Unterrichtskommission (IMUK), founded in 1908, had an impact upon promoting research into the psychology of mathematics education. The pertinent research was effected by psychology; doing research themselves was still outside the horizon of mathematics educators. Perspectives of future research, in particular comparative ones, are outlined.     

Circulation of an editorial model: The case-study of the short-lived Le Matematiche Pure ed Applicate

In 1900 Christoforo Alasia De Quesada began to work on the editorial project of a new journal Le Matematiche Pure ed Applicate. This journal had as its aim the improvement of scientific knowledge of teachers, to stimulate them in studies and researches. Its creation was encouraged by Henri Brocard, who was also influential in defining Alasia's editorial strategy.Highly functional to the purposes of Alasia's journal was a network of collaborators, which left traces of his work also in other journals. The presence in his network of many editors of journals, like Laisant, Lemoine, Allardice, De Galdeano, Greenstreet, Peano and Mansion, lead us to make some more general considerations on the circulation of journals' editorial models.     

国际原油价格波动与原油进口对GDP的影响研究

基于国际原油价格的历史数据,应用统计学的方法证明国际原油价格的波动具有马尔科夫性。视我国原油进口的价格为马尔科夫链,计算其状态转移概率。在总结我国原油进口策略的基础上,估算了在各种进口价格状态下每种策略对我国GDP造成的损失,继而建立了最优策略的线性规划模型。结果显示,即使在最优策略的情况下,国际原油价格的波动仍会每月对我国的GDP造成470.78亿元的损失。     

Editorial

JEMS is a new mathematical research journal, founded by the EMS, aiming at the highest international scientific level, and edited by Jürgen Jost (managing editor), Luigi Ambrosio, Gerard Ben Arous, John Coates, Helmut Hofer, Alexander Merkurjev and a board of about 30 associate editors. It will be published by Springer. The first issue will appear in January 1999. The current editorial wishes to present JEMS by answering some questions that will naturally be posed.     

Numerical simulation of the fracturing processes in masonry arches

Masonry arch structures, and, more generally, vaulted structures, are traditionally assessed using a well-established approach, such as linear elasticity or limit analysis, whereby system behaviour at the intermediate stage – which occurs when the material's tensile strength has been exceeded but the collapse mechanism has not yet formed – is disregarded. A more accurate interpretation requires a thorough analysis that can take into account the intermediate cracking stage and uses a constitutive law providing a closer approximation to the actual behaviour of the material. In this paper, an evolutionary fracturing process analysis for the stability assessment of masonry arches is presented. This method makes it possible to capture the damaging process that takes place when the conditions evaluated by means of linear elastic analysis no longer apply and before the conditions assessed through limit analysis set in. Furthermore, the way the thrust line is affected by the opening of cracks and the redistribution of internal stresses can be checked numerically. The results obtained with the described approach are compared with a numerical simulation performed with the finite element code Diana (TNO, The Netherlands) adopting discrete cracking with cohesive laws. Finally, the case study of the arch of the Mosca Bridge over the Dora River in Turin, Italy, is described. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)