含α-氨基酸功能基的聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯不对称树脂的合成

为了应用配位体离子交换树脂拆分外消旋混合物,由氯甲基化苯乙烯-二乙烯苯共聚物经苯胺树脂中间体或相转移催化剂与各种光学活性的α-氨基酸进行胺缩合反应,可以得到含有α-氨基酸功能基的不对称离子交换树脂。红外光谱分析证实了这类树脂的结构。这类胺缩合反应受到各种条件和因素的影响,例如溶剂的性质,催化剂的用量,反应温度和反应时间等。采用上述两种方法合成的含L-脯氨酸功能基的不对称树脂的Cu(Ⅱ)络合物对DL-脯氨酸进行了拆分。     

ZrCl4催化苯乙烯的氢胺化反应

研究了ZrCl4催化的苯乙烯与取代芳香胺的氢胺化反应,讨论了该反应过程中催化剂的用量,反应温度,以及含不同取代基的芳胺对产率的影响.利用该方法合成了5种取代的N-(1-苯基乙基)苯胺,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征.     

胺基化树脂负载Pd(0)对Heck反应催化性能的研究

将氯球用胺化剂、乙二胺、胍进行胺化后负载氯化钯, 在乙醇溶液中用硼氢化钾还原, 制备了含胺功能基树脂负载钯(0)的催化剂; 研究了催化剂对含各种取代基碘代苯与丙烯酸的Heck芳基化反应催化性能. 结果表明, 该类催化剂具有良好的催化活性和重复使用性能, 其中用乙二胺功能化树脂负载的Pd(0)催化剂在90 ℃重复使用17次时能保持良好的催化活性. 催化剂反应前后的SEM形貌图和过滤液的活性试验表明催化剂活性组分Pd(0)在反应中有沥取(leaching)现象.     

D296树脂分散钯催化氢转移反应的研究： Ⅰ.取代芳香硝基化？…

首次报道用离子交换树脂Ｄ２９６为载体,制备的Ｄ２９６树脂分散钯催化剂／甲酸铵还原体系,催化氢转移还原取代芳香硝基化合物成芳胺的方法。该法反应条件温和,操作简便,催化剂可重复使用,收率可达８３～９４％。     

Hf（NMe2）4催化下芳香胺与丙烯酸叔丁酯的氮杂迈克加成反应

研究了以Hf(NMe2)4为催化剂的芳香胺与丙烯酸叔丁酯的氮杂迈克加成反应,讨论了催化反应过程中催化剂用量,反应温度,以及芳胺取代基对反应收率的影响。利用该方法合成了6种取代的氮杂加成产物,并对反应条件进行优化,使收率在18～63%之间。研究发现,芳香胺上取代基的给电子能力越强,反应收率越高,产物结构经1H NMR,13C NMR表征,证明为目标产物。     

交联聚苯乙烯重氮盐的制备及其应用于偶合反应

通过大孔苯乙烯-二乙烯苯共聚体的硝化、还原和重氮化反应制得的交联聚苯乙烯重氮盐分别同取代酚(或芳香胺)羧酸或磺酸化合物(如水杨酸、对羟基苯甲酸、2,4-二羟基苯甲酸、没食子酸、2-羟基-3-羧基萘、磺基水杨酸、对氨基苯磺酸、4-羟基萘磺酸)和水杨醛等进行偶合反应制得了一类新型阳离子交换树脂。另外,还研究了反应介质的pH值和偶合试剂的结构等因素对偶合反应的影响。合成的离子交换树脂对铜离子和铁离子等有良好的选择性和对某些维生素和抗菌素有好的吸附-解吸性能。     

二乙基锌促进CO2的硅氢化反应以及CO2为C1合成子的有机胺甲酰化或脲化反应

CO₂的固定和转化具有重要研究意义,特别是采用廉价且良好生物相容性的金属催化剂将其转化为有用的有机化合物.本工作报道采用商品化ZnEt₂（1.0 mol%）可促进CO₂的硅氢化反应生成甲氧基硅醚,以及CO₂为C1合成子的有机胺甲酰化或脲化反应生成酰胺或脲类化合物.在1.0 mol% ZnEt₂存在下,CO₂和（EtO）₃SiH发生硅氢化反应,一锅选择性还原为甲氧基硅醚（CH₃OSi（OEt）₃）.考察了反应条件的影响,在1.0 MPa CO₂起始压力下,90℃反应7 h,甲氧基硅醚的产率达到约90%.当上述反应体系中存在有机胺时,则发生了CO₂为C1合成子的的有机胺甲酰化或脲化反应.当采用二级有机胺为底物时,反应生成酰胺类产物;当一级有机胺为底物时,反应主要生成脲类产物.考察了反应底物取代基的影响,含脂肪基和芳香基的二级有机胺均可发生甲酰化反应,芳香基的对位含给电子取代基时明显有利于该甲酰化反应.含脂肪基和芳香基的一级有机胺均可发生脲化反应,芳香基对位取代基的电子性质对脲化反应的影响规律不如在甲酰化反应中的明显.     

芳香胺和酚溴化的新工艺

研究了在室温下,N-溴丁二酰亚胺对芳香胺和酚的溴化工艺,在CHCl3、EtOH或EtOH/CHCl3溶剂中,用等摩尔的N-溴丁二酰亚胺可将某些芳香胺和酚(考察了5种反应底物)选择性地一溴化,产率92%~98%,N-溴丁二酰亚胺和反应底物摩尔比为2∶1;某些芳香胺和酚被专一地二溴化(考察了5种反应底物),产率90%~97%。 反应无须催化剂,投料后室温搅拌,反应条件温和,产品只需过滤洗涤即可纯化,操作简便。     

载氯化碘Lin树脂的制备及其对活泼芳香化合物的碘化研究

聚合物Lin树脂与氯化碘作用得到载氯化碘Lin树脂。室温及CaCO3或NaHCO3存在下,该树脂在CH2Cl2和CH3OH溶液中,使芳胺、乙酰芳胺和酚碘化为相应的1-碘取代芳香化合物,产率为80.5%～94.0%。该树脂是一种反应条件温和,选择性好的活泼芳环碘化剂。Lin树脂可再生重复使用。     

N-溴代丁二酰亚胺水相氧化醇类化合物反应研究

以水为反应介质、NBS为氧化剂,在水相无催化剂条件下实现了醇的氧化.芳香醇、脂肪醇都可以达到95%以上的醛(或酮)产率,但该体系对一些含供电子取代基的醇的反应活性不高,选用salen-Co(Ⅲ)配合物作为催化剂,可拓宽反应的底物适用范围.     

Preparation of ion exchange resins from carbonaceous adsorbents

Carbonaceous adsorbents are obtained by thermolysis of sulfonated macroreticular polystyrene ion exchange resins at 300-500°C. The hard, spherical, carbonaceous particles react exothermally with elemental chlorine to form products containing up to 38% Cl. The chlorinated particles react readily with polyamines to form anion exchange resins with capacities of up to 2.2 meq/g dry resin. Less than 60% of the nitrogen atoms in the particles are utilized as ion exchange sites. The carbonaceous particles can also be chloromethylated with chloromethyl methyl ether or chlorinated with sulfuryl chloride and then aminated with polyamines to form anion exchange resins, sulfonated with sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid to form strongly acidic cation exchange resins, or chlorosulfonated and then aminated with polyamines to form anion exchange resins. Model structures of the thermolyzed resins containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fragments are proposed to explain their chemical reactivities.     

Preparation of anion exchange membrane based on block copolymers. Part II: the effect of the formation of macroreticular structure on the membrane properties

The anion exchange membrane was prepared by conducting the formation of macroreticular structure and the introduction of ion exchange groups to the chloromethylated copolymers simultaneously. The membrane properties are summarized below; 0.9–1.4 Ω cm² for area resistivity in 2 M KCl aqueous solution, 1.46–3.7 meq/g-dry-resin for the ion exchange capacity and 0.68–0.87 for the static transport number. The membrane properties of the membrane prepared by forming the macroreticular structure and the introduction of the ion exchange groups to the chloromethylated copolymers simultaneously (B membrane) had higher performance than that of the membrane prepared by the amination of the chloromethylated copolymers (A membrane). It would be expected that the formation of macroreticular structure in the membrane has an effect on the membrane properties. The chemical stability of B membrane which was determined by the oxidative degradation in 2 M nitric acid, had long lifetime with almost the same value of the area resistivity and ion exchange capacity as before durability test.     

合成聚乙烯基苯甲酸树脂的研究(Ⅰ)——用氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯一步法合成

本文用硝酸一步法将大孔氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯树脂小球(氯球)氧化成聚乙烯基苯甲酸树脂。经红外光谱鉴定,推测了反应的机理。     

离子交换树脂在有机催化反应中的应用进展

总结了阳离子交换树脂催化剂和阴离子交换树脂催化剂分别在酯化、烷基化、醚化、缩合、异构化、环氧化等有机合成反应中的应用进展,评述了离子交换树脂催化剂的催化性能和可回收利用性,展望了未来离子交换树脂催化剂的开发和发展方向。     

聚苯乙烯紫精树脂的制备及其电子转移催化诱导邻氯硝基苯还原

报道了一种制备聚苯乙烯紫精树脂的新方法，首先将氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂与４，４＇－联吡啶反应，交吡啶结构引入树骨架，然后与氯化苄反应得到含紫精结构的树脂，将所得树脂作为电子转移催化剂应用于邻氯硝基苯还原。结果表明：含紫精结构的树具有在室温下诱导邻氯硝基苯还原生成邻氯苯胺的功能，催化活性与其结构有关，树脂可重复使用。     

STUDY ON THE SEPARATION OF GLUTAMIC ACID BY ION-EXCHANGE

ＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＳＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＧＬＵＴＡＭＩＣＡＣＩＤＢＹＩＯＮ－ＥＸＣＨＡＮＧＥＳｈｅｎＪｉｎｙｕ；ＷａｎｇＱｉｎｙｕ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，ＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎ...     

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of sulfonic resins as catalysts

Ion-exchange resins have been often used as catalysts especially those based on styrene-divinylbenzene copolymers with sulfonic acid groups in the aromatic rings of polymer chains. That is due to the advantages of heterogenous catalysis over the homogeneous acid catalysis. Moreover, resin catalysts can often lead to high selectivity in organic reactions due to the matrix effects. Therefore, the study of copolymers synthesis conditions to determine the type of polymer structure produced as well as the characterization of sulfonic resins obtained thereof are of great interest. The current paper describes the synthesis, characterization and evaluation as catalysts of sulfonic resins derived from polymer supports synthesized by aqueous suspension polymerization of styrene and divinylbenzene. The reaction conditions were varied and polymer supports with different physical properties and morphological characteristics were obtained. The polymer supports were chemically modified by sulfonation. The resultant sulfonic resins had their catalyst activity evaluated in the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol.     

Polymer-anchored platinum complexes as catalysts for the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of ketones: preparation and catalytic properties

The preparation of a variety of catalysts obtained by ion exchange of the complex [(dppb)Pt(μ−OH)]₂²⁺ with sulfonated styrene–divinylbenzene copolymers is reported. Copolymers used are commercial ion exchange resins containing either 4% or 20% DVB and they were loaded with either Li⁺ or NBu₄⁺ prior to exchange with the Pt complex. Metal loading in the heterogenized catalysts is in the range 2–8% by weight. Their catalytic properties in the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of methylcyclohexanone with hydrogen peroxide appear to be best in terms of activity and productivity either in neat ketone or in EtOH as the solvent. The use of commercial resins with high exchange capacity prevents the use of DCE as the solvent, i.e., the optimum conditions for the homogeneous system, thereby leading to activities and productivities that are generally lower than their homogeneous counterpart. A discussion on the influence of the philicity properties of the support with respect to the performance of the catalyst is reported.