洛伦兹破缺理论与Vaidya黑洞弯曲时空中的Dirac粒子隧穿辐射特征

本文把平直时空中的洛伦兹对称性破缺的Dirac方程推广到动态Vaidya黑洞弯曲时空中.由于动态Vaidya黑洞的表观视界与类时极限面重合,根据霍金辐射量子效应理论,我们在Vaidya黑洞的表观视界ra=2M(v)处研究了洛伦兹破缺理论对Dirac粒子Hawking隧穿辐射特征的影响.我们通过gamma矩阵的对易性质和半经典近似得到了一个新的洛伦兹对称性破缺的Dirac-Hamilton-Jacobi方程,并利用这一修正的Dirac-Hamilton-Jacobi方程研究了Dirac粒子隧穿辐射的特征,讨论了洛伦兹对称性破缺对动态球对称Vaidya黑洞的热力学参数的影响.结果发现,洛伦兹破缺理论中仅有类以太修正项会对黑洞热力学性质带来修正.同时,还发现修正Hawking温度与类以太矢量修正项系数的正负有关,而我们之前应用洛伦兹破缺理论研究标量粒子的修正Hawking温度也是与类以太矢量修正项系数的正负有关的.     

洛伦兹对称破缺框架下的广义克莱因-戈尔登谐振子

在洛伦兹对称破缺的背景下研究了广义克莱因-戈尔登谐振子,主要使用Nikiforov-Uvarov方法分析了有磁场和无磁场两种情况下的克莱因-戈尔登谐振子.在此基础上,详细分析了具有康奈尔势函数的克莱因-戈尔登谐振子的一些特殊情况.结果表明,广义克莱因-戈尔登谐振子的波函数和能量本征值明显依赖于洛伦兹对称破缺效应,另外,康奈尔势函数对克莱因-戈尔登谐振子也有着不可忽略的影响.     

相对论再次幸存

正两项独立实验证明:没有证据表明相对论的基本对称性(即局域洛伦兹不变性)破缺。洛伦兹不变性意味着物理定律跟实验所选参考系的速度或方向无关。尽管它是粒子物理标准模型和相对论的一个基本对称性,但一些试图统一这两大理论体系的模型却预言该对称性将破缺。不过,迄今尚未发现洛伦兹对称性破缺的证据。两个实验小组最近又给出了更严格的限制。     

空间变尺度因子球坐标系与四维时空度规

时空度规是广义相对论的一个基础性概念,是宇宙学和天体物理学建立模型的逻辑基础.将随时序参数变化的空间尺度 因子函数引入相对论四维时空间隔模型,研究空间球对称形式的四维平直时 空度规、Schwarzschild度规、Robertson-Walker (R-W)度规之间的变换条件.基于空间变尺度因子球坐标系的时空间隔, 通过严格的计算,推导出R-W度规中与k=±1对应的尺度因子函数解析解,还推导出星球外非真空条件下的四维时空度规. 提出了一种理解现代物理学非平直时空模型的新视角.     

静态球对称黑洞Dirac场的Stefan-Boltzmann定律

利用静态球对称黑洞Dirac场的统计熵，导出静态球对称黑洞的Stefan-Boltzmann定律，得 到黑洞的辐出度与视界温度的四次方成正比的结论.发现Stefan-Boltzmann常数不同于平直 时空的值，并且在不同时空度规中该常数有不同的值. 关键词： 黑洞 统计熵 薄层模型 辐出度     

能量动量张量无迹的静态平面对称标量场的静态时空

求出了具有无迹能量动量张量的静态平面对称标量场产生的静态平面对称度规的通解,并讨论了这种度规的共形性质,对称性和奇异性等.这个通解包含了两个共形平直特解,其所代表的时空没有奇异性 关键词：     

Einstein-Bumblebee引力理论中的Kerr-Sen-like黑洞玻色子隧穿辐射

Lorentz-breaking理论不仅对弯曲时空背景有影响,而且对于在弯曲时空中的玻色子和费米子的动力学方程都有一定的修正.因此,我们需要在不同的黑洞时空中对玻色子和费米子的量子隧穿辐射进行适当的修正.从而得到经过Lorentz-breaking理论修正后的黑洞Hawking温度等物理量的新表达式及其物理意义.本文根据Einstein-Bumblebee引力理论中得到的Kerr-Sen-like (KSL)黑洞时空度规,在标量场作用量中引入aether-like场矢量修正项和弯曲时空中的d’Alembert算符并应用弯曲时空中的变分原理,研究了此时空度规中的Lorentz-breaking修正项及KSL时空中自旋为零的含有Lorentz-breaking修正项的玻色子动力学方程的新形式.通过正确选择与KSL时空度规相对应的aether-like场矢量,求解修正的玻色子动力学方程,得到了修正的量子隧穿率,并在此基础上研究了含有Lorentz-breaking修正项的此黑洞的Hawking温度和Bekenstein-Hawking熵.此外,还研究了Lorentz-breaking效应对玻...     

激光系统的Ginzburg-Landau方程及其相位扩散方程

讨论了激光系统Ginzburg-Landau方程的主要动力学行为,它描述激光系统的自发时空对称性破缺。当方程有非均匀静态解时,它存在合作频率锁定效应;而当方程有时空振荡解时,各横模仍有一个共同的光学载频。此模型还表明,混沌解可以发生在低抽运条件下。在较小失谐时,该方程的约化相位扩散方程能较精确地再现原方程的全程动力学行为。这说明在激光横向图形分布的自发形成中,电场的相位分布导引其动力学行为。 关键词：     

环形腔中激光振荡输出的横向斑图及向光学湍流的转变

在研究环形腔中激光振荡输出的分岔与混沌的基础上,采用耦合映象格子模型研究了其空间扩展系统的横向效应.数值模拟表明,随着参数的改变,空间扩展系统由均匀稳态、行波解向时空混沌演化.在一定的参数条件下,空间扩展系统从光场取入射平面波(均匀分布)开始,经对称破缺向光学湍流转变. 关键词： 横向斑图 时空混沌 湍流 数值模拟     

史瓦西时空中自由粒子的运动方程

直接求解史瓦西时空中自由粒子的测地线方程,得出粒子运动方程的一般常见形式.此方法与一般教材中根据史瓦西度规的静态球对称性以及四速归一条件得出的运动方程完全相同.此方法物理意义更清晰、明确,同时对理解弯曲时空中的测地线方程具有重要意义.     

Electrostatic and magnetostatic solutions in a Lorentz-violating electrodynamics model

We propose an effective Lorentz-violating electrodynamics model via the static de Sitter metric, which is deviated from the Minkowski metric by a minuscule amount depending on the cosmological constant. We obtain the electromagnetic field equations via the vierbein decomposition of the tensors. In addition, as an application of the electromagnetic field equations obtained, we derive the solutions of the electrostatic field and the magnetostatic field due to a point charge and a circle current, respectively, and discuss the implication of the effect of Lorentz violation in our electromagnetic theory.PACS 04.20.Cv; 04.40.-b; 98.80.Jk; 11.30.Cp     

Electromagnetic solutions of the field equations in presence of zeromass mesons

The field equations of general relativity with electromagnetic stress tensor and zeromass scalar meson field are investigated. The metric coefficients are assumed to be functions of three variables only. It is then shown that, if one assumes a functional relation between some one of the metric coefficients and the electromagnetic potentials, that one can find a solution of the coupled Einstein-Maxwell equations in terms of a solution of the Einstein equations with zeromass scalar meson field as source.     

An extension of the plane-symmetric electrovac general solution to Einstein equations

We present the general solution to Einstein-Maxwell equations representing plane-symmetric metrics associated with electromagnetic fields that are not fully plane-symmetric. There are two classes in the general solution, the first approaches Taub's static metric or Kasner's spatially homogeneous one as the electromagnetic field goes to zero, while the second approaches the fiat metric.     

Kerr-Newman metric in deSitter background

In addition to the Kerr-Newman metric with cosmological constant several other metrics are presented giving Kerr-Newman type solutions of Einstein-Maxwell field equations in the background of deSitter universe. The electromagnetic field in all the solutions is assumed to be source-free. A new metric of what may be termed as an electrovac rotating de-Sitter space-time—a space-time devoid of matter but containing source-free electromagnetic field and a null fluid with twisting rays—has been presented. In the absence of the electromagnetic field, our solutions reduce to those discussed by Vaidya.     

On the Rainich geometrization of scalar meson fields

Similarly as in the Rainich geometrization of an electromagnetic field, the author finds a system of differential equations for the metric tensor, equivalent to the equations of the gravitational and scalar meson field, and shows how to find the wave function of the meson field if the Ricci tensor is known.     

A rotating homogeneous universe with an electromagnetic field

The field equations of general relativity are solved to describe a gravitational field due to a rotating homogeneous fluid in the presence of a Maxwellian source-free electromagnetic field. It turns out that the metric to describe this field is the well-known Robertson-Walker metric with positive space-time curvature or its particular case, the metric of the closed Einstein universe.     

Gravitational theory based on relativistic mechanics

Introducing a metric space, we propose a gravitational theory in which the form of the basic equations of mechanics, the field equations, and the equations of motion are the same as that of the corresponding equations in electrodynamics. The theory reveals a very close relation between the gravitational and electromagnetic fields. Finally, we consider the field due to an arbitrarily moving mass point.     

An elementary derivation of the five dimensional Myers–Perry metric

We derive the five dimensional Myers–Perry metric via an elementary method to solve the vacuum Einstein field equations directly. This method firstly proposed by Clotz is very simple since it merely involves four components of Ricci tensor and only requires us to deal with some equations without second derivatives’ terms when the metric ansatz is assumed to take an appropriate form.     

Electro-geometrodynamics

By distinguishing between the metric of a Riemannian geometry and the interval defining function it is demonstrated that both Einstein's gravitational field equations and Maxwell's electromagnetic field equations can be generated from a single geometry.     

Field theory onR×S 3 topology. VI: Gravitation

We extend to curved space-time the field theory on R×S³ topology in which field equations were obtained for scalar particles, spin one-half particles, the electromagnetic field of magnetic moments, an SU₂ gauge theory, and a Schrödinger-type equation, as compared to ordinary field equations that are formulated on a Minkowskian metric. The theory obtained is an angular-momentum representation of gravitation. Gravitational field equations are presented and compared to the Einstein field equations, and the mathematical and physical similarity and differences between them are pointed out. The problem of motion is discussed, and the equations of motion of a rigid body are developed and given explicitly. One result which is worth emphazing is that while general relativity theory yields Newton's law of motion in the lowest approximation, our theory gives Euler's equations of motion for a rigid body in its lowest approximation.On leave from the Center for Theoretical Physics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.