共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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基于偶极近似 ,运用电极化方法 ,定量研究了电流变液中悬浮颗粒在外电场作用下其体积和形状的变化 ,并计算了其体积和形状的相对变化率 .研究结果表明 :悬浮颗粒的体积和形状的相对变化率均与电场强度的平方成正比 ,并与ER本身的性质有关 .一般情况下 ,颗粒的体积和形状的相对变化率分别为 8.4 %和 12 .5 % ,对总体积变化率的贡献为 1.6 8% .这种变化对于ER系统的电涨和电热都作出了贡献 ,仅当将颗粒当作刚性球时 ,其自由能才与电场强度的平方成正比 . 相似文献
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采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了表面力场对纳米通道内气体剪切流动的影响规律.结果显示通道内的气体流动分为两个区域:受壁面力场影响的近壁区域和不受壁面力场影响的主流区域.近壁区域内,气体流动特性和气体动力学理论预测差别很大,密度和速度急剧增大并出现峰值,正应力变化剧烈且各向异性,剪切应力在距壁面一个分子直径处出现突变.主流区域的气体流动特性与气体动力学理论预测相符合,该区域内的密度、正应力与剪切应力均为恒定值,速度分布亦符合应力-应变的线性响应关系.不同通道高度及密度下,近壁区域的归一化密度、速度及应力分布一致,表明近壁区域的气体流动特性仅由壁面力场所决定.随着壁面对气体分子势能作用的增强,气体分子在近壁区域的密度和速度随之增大,直至形成吸附层,导致速度滑移消失.通过剪切应力与切向动量适应系数(TMAC)的关系,得到不同壁面势能作用下的TMAC值,结果表明壁面对气体分子的势能作用越强,气体分子越容易在壁面发生漫反射. 相似文献
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液膜马达作为一种新颖的实验装置在基础研究和技术应用方面都将会发挥着重要的作用, 深入研究各种条件下液膜马达的电致流动特征是非常有意义的. 本文从理论上研究了均匀恒定外电场中的液膜马达在方波电泳电场驱动下的动力学特征, 解析地给出了液膜转动的线速度随时空变化的规律. 理论结果表明, 液膜会随着电泳电场频率的增大由对称性往复转动逐渐转变为振动, 这不仅有助于从理论上认识液膜马达振动的物理根源, 也为在实际应用中设计液膜搅拌机提供了一种新思路. 相似文献
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根据电流变液中球形颗粒的运动模型,研究了颗粒质量很小时,电流变液中颗粒运动的渐近状态,利用微分不等式理论,给出了相应运动的渐近估计.
关键词:
电流变液
微分不等式理论
渐近估计 相似文献
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薛明伦 《核聚变与等离子体物理》1987,(3)
本文用简化模型分析托卡马克装置,建议用等离子体往径向速度振荡和角向磁场振荡的相互作用产生一个定常环向电动势以驱动稳态电流。这可由按一定相位差调制两个外加参量来达到。按反应堆参数估计,这种调制频率可以是工业频率。 相似文献
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A simple long-range-order parameterPis defined for describing the process of formation of chains in the electric field direction. The free energy of the system is taken to be the sum of the internal energy, the electrostatic interaction and configuration entropy as a function o P. Calculated results indicate that the critical parameter is a function of electric field, temperature, misfit dielectric coefficients and concentration of particles. 相似文献
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Cheng Hai Hong 《Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics》2013,52(4):683-692
We synthesized phosphoric acid (PA) doped polyaniline (PANI) particles (PANI‐PA) and investigated their electrorheological (ER) and dielectric characteristics when they were dispersed in silicone oil. Flow curves of the PANI‐PA based ER fluid under several applied electric field strengths were analyzed using a shear stress model. We also examined ER characteristics based on the relaxation time obtained from the dielectric spectrum. 相似文献
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《Journal of Macromolecular Science: Physics》2013,52(5):1111-1124
The isothermal crystallization process of polybutene-1 melt under shear flow was investigated with an optical microscope and a device (shear flow direct observation system, SF-DOS) newly developed by our group. The nucleation rate and growth rate of polybutene-1 were studied under slow shear rates (0–0.1 s?1) at high crystallization temperature (102–108°C) with the SF-DOS. The nucleation remains heterogeneous. The number of nuclei after long times increased and induction time decreased by increasing the shear rate. Anisotropic and distorted spherulites were observed under shear flow, while the spherulites in the static condition were isotropic. It was clearly observed that the spherulites were rotating under shear. The average growth rates were enhanced by increasing shear rates, which acts as the main factor affecting the overall crystallization kinetics. Finally, the crystallization kinetics were analyzed on the basis of the secondary nucleation theory of Hoffman and Lauritzen. Even under very low shear rates, the product of lateral‐surface free energy σ s and fold-surface free energy σ e was found to be reduced as shear rate increased. 相似文献
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In the present paper, we have investigated the peristaltic flow of hyperbolic tangent fluid in a curved channel. The governing equations of hyperbolic tangent fluid model for curved channel are derived including the effects of curvature. The highly nonlinear partial differential equations are simplified by using the wave frame transformation,long wave length and low Reynolds number assumptions. The reduced nonlinear partial differential equation is solved analytically with the help of homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The physical features of pertinent parameters have been discussed by plotting the graphs of pressure rise and stream functions. 相似文献
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Analytical solutions are presented using method of separation of variables for the time periodic electroosmotic flow (EOF) of linear viscoelastic fluids in semicircular microchannel. The linear viscoelastic fluids used here are described by the general Maxwell model. The solution involves analytically solving the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann (P -B) equation, together with the Cauchy momentum equation and the general Maxwell constitutive equation. By numerical computations, the influences of electric oscillating Reynolds number Re and Deborah number De on velocity amplitude are presented. For small Re, results show that the larger velocity amplitude is confined to the region near the charged wall when De is small. With the increase of the Deborah number De, the velocity far away the charged wall becomes larger for large Deborah number De. However, for larger Re, the oscillating characteristic of the velocity amplitude occurs and becomes significant with the increase of De, especially for larger Deborah number. 相似文献
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W. Dzik 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(8):311-314
In this paper the existing methods of evaluating the effectiveness of mixing processes are presented. Starting from the results of experiments based on the use of isotopic technique, a new criterion for the mixing effect of the component flowing through a tank has been found. For this reason, model tests in aerated rooms have been carried out. Properties of the new criterion as well as the relationships to the existing methods of evaluation are given. 相似文献