Diffraction of electromagnetic radiation near an interface between discrete positive and negative refractive media

The discrete diffraction of electromagnetic waves near the interface between two different media formed by waveguide arrays is studied. One of the arrays consists of waveguides made of a positive index material; the other, of waveguides made of a negative index material. The refraction of a beam resulting from diffraction at the interface obeys an analog of Snell’s law.     

双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩电磁辐射的影响

利用X射线二极管、光电倍增管和B-dot探针测量了峰值220 kA,0~100%上升时间100 ns的脉冲电流驱动平行双丝产生的电磁辐射。实验结果表明,不同波段的电磁辐射具有不同的辐射机制,热辐射是产生X射线的主要机制,可见光辐射来自热辐射和特征线辐射,微波辐射由非热电磁辐射机制产生。调节丝间距可改变双丝的耦合强度,当丝间距大于临界值时双丝解耦合,电磁辐射不依赖于丝间距;当丝间隙减小至低于临界值时,双丝耦合增强。增大双丝耦合强度不利于热辐射(X射线和可见光),而有利于非热电磁辐射(微波)。对于单丝电流约100 kA、上升时间100 ns的驱动条件,双丝解耦合的临界间距约为10 mm,双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩在不同频段的电磁辐射有影响。丝阵由多根金属丝组成,其最小的相互作用单元可分解为双丝相互作用。     

双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩电磁辐射的影响

利用X射线二极管、光电倍增管和B-dot探针测量了峰值220 kA,0~100%上升时间100 ns的脉冲电流驱动平行双丝产生的电磁辐射。实验结果表明,不同波段的电磁辐射具有不同的辐射机制,热辐射是产生X射线的主要机制,可见光辐射来自热辐射和特征线辐射,微波辐射由非热电磁辐射机制产生。调节丝间距可改变双丝的耦合强度,当丝间距大于临界值时双丝解耦合,电磁辐射不依赖于丝间距;当丝间隙减小至低于临界值时,双丝耦合增强。增大双丝耦合强度不利于热辐射(X射线和可见光),而有利于非热电磁辐射(微波)。对于单丝电流约100 kA、上升时间100 ns的驱动条件,双丝解耦合的临界间距约为10 mm,双丝耦合强度对Z箍缩在不同频段的电磁辐射有影响。丝阵由多根金属丝组成,其最小的相互作用单元可分解为双丝相互作用。     

电磁超材料中负磁导率对负介电常数的影响

为深入了解电磁超材料中物质间相互作用关系,理论分析了金属导体线阵列宏结构嵌入单负磁导率媒质中时其等效介电常数的变化特性。数值计算和电磁仿真方法相结合,讨论了单负磁导率媒质和单负介电常数媒质的相互作用关系,提出了减小其相互作用的解决方法。仿真结果显示：将金属线阵列直接嵌入到单负磁导率媒质中时,电磁超材料传输特性在整个频段内为传输禁带;将金属线裹附一层绝缘材料后,传输禁带变为传输通带,这表明金属线阵列和单负磁导率媒质之间必须加入一种绝缘材料才能合成双负的电磁超材料。     

从电磁感应定律看负磁导率的产生过程

以左手材料中产生负磁导率的开口谐振环结构模型为例,从磁导率的定义出发,借助于电磁感应定律,推导了负磁导率的产生过程.     

Network synchronization under periodic coupling of both positive and negative values

The European Physical Journal B - We show that all the Bose–Einstein (BE) condensations of Bose and Fermi systems can be formulated using the common ‘boson’ operator (valid below...     

由正负磁单极对相互作用诱导的孤立狄拉克弦

基于三维旋量Gross-Pitaevskii(GP)方程研究在含时周期性外磁场作用下玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的动力学行为.结果显示,在含时周期外磁场的作用下,铁磁态自旋为1的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体将发生拓扑形变.当磁场的两个零点进入凝聚体后,自旋向上态的密度布居图在z轴上分别形成向上和向下的凸起.随着磁场的两个零点在凝聚体内...     

Generation of radiation in tunnel-coupled waveguides with positive and negative refractive indices

The possibility of generating microwave radiation in tunnel-coupled planar waveguides, one of which is made of a metamaterial and is characterized by a negative refractive index in the corresponding frequency range, while the other waveguide is active and exhibits positive refractive index, is demonstrated. The model of a tunable distributed feedback laser, in which the dependence of the refractive index of the metamaterial on the external magnetic field allows controlling the oscillation frequency, is proposed.     

Electron capture in collisions between negative and positive ions

Collisions between negative and positive atomic ions are investigated. The ionic wave function is expressed in terms of the Coulomb Green’s function. Normalizing this function allows the system of two ions to be described completely. The exchange matrix elements turn out to be the sums of products of the Coulomb wave functions over degenerate states. These sums are expressed in terms of the quadratic form of the wave function for a state with zero angular quantum numbers, l=m=0. The nonadiabatic coupling of quasi-crossing terms with other terms of the system is analyzed; this effect significantly increases the cross section for single-electron capture.     

Absorption of electromagnetic radiation by semimetal electrons

The coefficient of electromagnetic radiation absorption by bismuth in a quantizing magnetic field is calculated by perturbation theory methods. An expression is obtained for the resonance frequencies. It is shown that the electron dispersion law not being quadratic results in spin splitting of the resonance peaks.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 62–67, December, 1985.In conclusion, the author is grateful to A. D. Margulis for formulating the problem and constant guidance of the research.     

Detection of gravitational waves by electromagnetic radiation

A statistical theory of the ionization — recombination equilibrium of a non-degenerate plasma in a homogeneous magnetic field is given. It is shown that the magnetic field changes the reactive composition if the quanta of the oscillatory electron motion in the magnetic field — which corresponds classically to the electron gyration — are of the order of or larger than the thermal energy,?ω?kT. The ionization may be enhanced or depressed depending on whether the background gas of the plasma is diamagnetic or paramagnetic. Some low temperature experiments, where such an anomalous “magnetic ionization” might be observable, are discussed briefly.     

Physical origin of large positive and negative lateral optical beam shifts in prism-waveguide coupling system

Large lateral beam shift in prism-waveguide coupling system is theoretically analyzed from the viewpoint of interference between multiple reflected beam constituents. It is shown that the reflected beam is a result of interference between two beams: the beam directly reflected from the prism and the total leaky beam coming from guided mode. The thickness of coupling layer determines the amplitude of the total leaky beam, and further determines the sign (positive or negative) of the reflected beam shift. Because of interference between two beams, intrinsic damping itself plays an important role in deciding the distortion of the reflected beam.     

A relation between the positive and negative spectra of elliptic operators

We study the spectral properties of pairs of operators \(-\Delta \pm V\) and show that if their negative spectra are discrete, then their essential spectra fill the positive semi-axis. Analogous statements are proved for more general operators of the form \(m(i\nabla )\pm V\) as well as for operators on the lattice \(\mathbb {Z}^d\).     

Study of the surface and far fields of terahertz radiation generated by large-aperture photoconductive antennas

We have studied analytically the temporal characteristics of terahertz radiation emitted from a biased largeaperture photoconductive antenna triggered by an ultrashort optical pulse. We have included the effects of the finite lifetime and transient mobility dynamics of photogenerated carriers in the analysis. Succinct explicit expressions are obtained for the emitted radiation in the surface field and in the far field. The dependence of the waveforms of the radiated field on the fluence and duration of triggering optical pulse, carrier relaxation time and carrier lifetime are discussed in detail using the obtained expressions.     

On the systematic energy difference between states of positive and negative parity

Comparison of the nuclear spectra in the mass region A = 10–40 shows a systematic difference between states of positive and negative parity. This systematic difference can be explained quantitatively with methods derived from statistical spectroscopy. The influence of spurious states is corrected for.     

Pulse-amplitude equalization by negative impulse modulation for rational harmonic mode locking

We propose a novel technique based on negative impulse modulation for pulse repetition rate multiplication by rational harmonic mode locking with pulse-amplitude-equalized pulses directly from the laser cavity. We have generated a pulse train of 15 GHz with more than 16 dB suppression of unwanted amplitude modulation spurs by using a 1 GHz RF signal. This is the highest suppression ratio for a repetition rate multiplication factor of 15 to our knowledge.     

Chiral symmetry for positive and negative parity nucleons

We investigate the role of chiral symmetry in the properties of positive and negative parity nucleons (N and N^*). When we consider two kinds of nucleons, two distinctive types of chiral assignment for N^* can be introduced. There are interesting differences between the two assignments in the properties of nucleons, which are studied using linear sigma models based on the two assignments. Behavior of N and N^* in the nuclear medium is also investigated using these linear models.