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多糖及多糖衍生物水处理剂的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
叙述了国内外多糖及多糖衍生物水处理剂的现状,简单地介绍了多种新型多糖及多糖衍生物水处理剂的原料、合成方法及其在水处理中的应用,并对多糖及多糖衍生物水处理剂的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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多糖一般来自于生物体,在自然界中广泛存在.它们有着复杂的化学结构、分子构象和生理功能,正越来越受到研究者的关注.多糖家族中的β-1,3-葡聚糖由于具有很强的螺旋结构形成能力而被研究得最多.碳纳米管由于具有优异的力学、电学、光学和热性能已成为有应用潜力的纳米材料.合成寡核苷酸在近年的研究中也显示出可能用于治疗疑难杂症.利... 相似文献
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手性β-羟基酸及其衍生物是应用化工和有机合成的关键中间体.生物催化的不对称合成方法以其绿色环保、简洁高效及高立体选择性已成为一个新兴的研究热点.本文较系统地总结了生物催化不对称合成β-羟基酸及其衍生物的研究工作,重点介绍了脂肪酶、腈代谢酶及还原酶在合成手性β-羟基酸衍生物中的应用.最后,展望了生物催化不对称合成β-羟基酸的发展方向. 相似文献
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近年来,随着纳米科学技术的发展,纳米材料的“绿色合成方法”研究显得愈发重要。基于细胞活体及其分泌物模拟生物矿化合成纳米材料已成为绿色合成纳米材料的研究前沿。该方法具有操作简单、安全经济和环境友好等优点,合成得到的纳米材料具有良好的分散性、稳定性和特殊的性能。该方法得到的纳米材料已在化学、材料学、生物医学等领域展现出了广泛的应用前景,引起了人们的极大关注。本文综述了应用细菌、真菌、植物及人体细胞等活体细胞或分泌物仿生矿化合成各种形貌及不同尺寸的无机纳米结构材料的研究进展;着重评述了纳米材料的仿生矿化合成方法、合成机制以及应用研究现状与前景,并对纳米材料基于细胞合成技术的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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This review summarized the recent progress on the synthesis, morphologies and properties of DNA-mediated metal nanomaterials including nanoparticles and nanoclusters. Moreover, their applications to environmental and biological analysis were introduced with the developing prospect in analytical chemistry. 相似文献
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Hui Miao Zhenyuan Teng Prof. Dr. Chengyin Wang Dr. Hui Chong Dr. Guoxiu Wang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(4):929-944
Nowadays, microorganisms, including bacteria and viruses, are regarded as new environmental pollutants and pose serious threats to public health. Yet, traditional disinfection approaches for bacteria and viruses are generally ineffective. Furthermore, they exhibit the disadvantages of high-energy consumption, environmental pollution, high cost, and toxic byproduct generation. In this respect, nanomaterials display promising antimicrobial capabilities due to their unique properties and provide solutions to the abovementioned issues. Herein, recent progress in the development of 2D nanomaterials displaying antimicrobial capabilities is highlighted. The structures, morphologies, and performances of essential metal, graphene, and nitride-based 2D antibacterial nanomaterials are summarized in detail. In addition, possible antimicrobial mechanisms and the relationship between structure and antimicrobial efficiency are elaborated. 相似文献
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金属纳米颗粒制备中的还原剂与修饰剂* 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
金属纳米颗粒由于其独特的光学、电学、化学性质以及各种潜在的应用价值,受到不少研究人员的广泛关注。实现金属纳米粒子尺寸、形貌可控,改善粒子分散性和稳定性,提高产率及纯度已成为具有挑战性的研究课题,不断发展和完善金属纳米粒子的合成方法则显得尤为重要。本文总结了目前制备金属纳米材料的几种化学方法:化学试剂还原法、电化学还原法、辐射还原法等,分类介绍了化学试剂还原法中常用的无机、有机还原剂,以及含氮、磷、羧基、巯基小分子有机化合物以及高分子聚合物等修饰剂并重点总结了其还原和修饰机理。 相似文献
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Wen Fu Prof. Wenhua Zhou Prof. Paul K. Chu Prof. Xue-Feng Yu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(47):10995-11006
Low-dimensional nanomaterials (LDNs) are receiving increasing attention in cancer therapy owing to their unique properties, especially the large surface area-to-volume ratio. LDNs such as metallic nanoparticles (NPs), hydroxyapatite NPs, graphene derivatives, and black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets have been proposed for drug delivery, photothermal/photodynamic therapies, and multimodal theranostic treatments. The therapeutic effectiveness is mainly based on the physical characteristics of LDNs, but their inherent bioactivity has not been fully capitalized. In this Minireview, recent advances in the anti-cancer effects of various types of LDNs with inherent chemotherapeutic bioactivity are described and the bioactivity mechanisms are discussed on the cellular and molecular levels. BP, one of the newest and exciting members of the LDN family, is highlighted owing to the excellent inherent bioactivity, selectivity, and biocompatibility in cancer therapy. LDNs and related derivatives possess inherent bioactivity and selective chemotherapeutic effects suggesting large potential as nanostructured anti-cancer agents in cancer therapy. 相似文献
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Hong Lian Jiahao Shen Hongen Guo Xiaozhe Cheng Qingchen Dong Jianhai Yang Wai‐Yeung Wong 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2019,19(8):1753-1767
Metal‐containing nanomaterials have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their physicochemical, light‐scattering and plasmonic properties. By introducing different kinds and different structures of metal‐containing nanomaterials into organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), the optical properties of the devices can be tailored, which can effectively improve the luminous efficiency of OLEDs. In this review, the fundamental knowledge of OLEDs and metallic nanomaterials were firstly introduced. Then we overviewed the recent development of the optimization of OLEDs through introducing different kinds of metal‐containing nanomaterials. 相似文献
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M. V. Lesnichaya G. P. Aleksandrova L. P. Feoktistova A. N. Sapozhnikov T. V. Fadeeva B. G. Sukhov B. A. Trofimov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2010,59(12):2323-2328
Water-soluble silver-containing nanocomposites based on biocompatible polysaccharides, galactomannan and carrageenan, were
synthesized for the first time. A complex of physicochemical methods was employed to establish the phase composition, the
average size of metal nanoparticles, and the morphology of new nanobiocomposites. The obtained nanomaterials possess high
antimicrobial activity. 相似文献
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碳纳米材料是一类推动能源存储、 多相催化、 高性能复合和生物医药等领域发展的重要材料, 可控合成碳纳米材料对相关领域的发展具有重要意义. 水滑石(LDHs)材料具有层板金属种类及含量可调等特点, 经焙烧、 还原后可制备出金属种类、 密度和粒径分布各异的高分散、 高稳定金属纳米催化剂, 可实现高效催化生长各种类型的碳纳米材料. 此外, 通过调控反应条件和反应器等, 可以影响LDHs基金属纳米催化剂催化生长的碳纳米材料的结构和性能. 本文总结了LDHs基金属纳米催化剂的可控制备、 碳纳米材料结构调控以及利用LDHs基催化剂制备的碳纳米材料的应用等方面的研究工作, 并阐明了催化剂的可控制备是控制合成碳纳米材料的核心手段, 这为利用LDHs基催化剂进一步合成更高性能碳纳米材料的研究指明了方向. 此外, 本文还结合近些年在光、 电及光热催化方面的研究进展, 展望了基于新型LDHs纳米结构生长碳纳米材料的研究前景. 相似文献
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《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2017,129(39):11998-12002
Nanostructured metal sulfide–amine hybrid materials have attracted attention because of their unique properties and versatility as precursors for functional inorganic nanomaterials. However, large‐scale synthesis of metal sulfide–amine hybrid nanomaterials is limited by hydrothermal and solvothermal preparative reaction conditions; consequently, incorporation of such materials into functional nanomaterials is hindered. An amine molecule‐assisted refluxing method was used to synthesize highly uniform zinc sulfide⋅(diethylenetriamine)0.5 (ZnS⋅(DETA)0.5) hybrid nanosheets and nanobelts in a large scale. The obtained ZnS⋅(DETA)0.5 hybrid nanomaterials can be used as efficient precursors to fabricate functional ZnS nanomaterials and carbon encapsulated sulfur (S@C) nanocomposite cathodes for Li–S batteries. 相似文献