聚氯乙烯—低分子量聚异丁烯共混物的阻尼性质

聚氯乙烯(PVC)用作阻尼材料时多作成与高聚物的共混物,也有采用IPN的方法改善PVC的阻尼性能,前巳报导PVC-丁腈羟低聚物共混物有较佳的阻尼性质。本工作考察了PVC-PIB(聚异丁烯)组成及添加剂对共混物力学性能和动态力学性质的影响。     

聚氯乙烯－丁腈橡胶－氯丁橡胶三元共混物的研究

测定了聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）－丁腈橡胶（ＮＢＲ－２９）－氯丁橡胶（ＣＲ）三元共混物的冲击性能和应力－应变行为，用动态力学分析、扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了共混物的相容性和形态结构，结果表明，ＮＢＲ－２９对ＰＶＣ，ＣＲ有良好的增容作用，三元共混物是部分相容的二相体系，具有良好的抗冲击性能。     

丁腈羟增韧环氧树脂形态与力学性能

研究了丁腈羟增韧环氧树脂的力学性能和形态结构，丁腈羟的用量、丁腈羟中丙烯腈的含量、固化条件对所形成的微区尺寸都有较大影响，并进一步影响固化物的力学性能。     

丁腈羟增韧环氧树脂固化反应

丁腈羟增韧环氧树脂固化反应李绍英＊＊韩孝族＊刘振海张庆余（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所长春１３００２２）关键词丁腈羟,增韧环氧树脂,固化反应动力学,ＤＳＣ１９９６－０５－０４收稿,１９９６－０９－１７修回＊＊现在河北轻化工学院化工设计研究所工作环氧树...     

氯化聚氯乙烯／环氧树脂共混体的流变性质及形态

氯化聚氯乙烯(CPVC)具有优良的物理性能。但须严格控制加工温度,加工熔体粘度较大。近年,作者曾对CPVC与氯化聚乙烯(CPE)和丙烯酸酯共聚物(ACR)共混体的流变性质进行了研究。本文首次研究CPVC与环氧树脂(EP)共混体的流变性质与形态。     

聚氯乙烯—丁腈橡胶—氯丁橡胶三元共混物的研究

测定了聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）－丁脯橡胶（ＮＢＲ－２９）－氯丁橡胶（ＣＲ）三元共混物的冲击性能和应力－应变行为,用动态力分析、扫描电和透射电镜研究了共混物的相容性和形态结构。结果表明,ＮＢＲ－２９对ＰＶＣ,ＣＲ有良好的增容作用,三元共混物是部分相容的二相体系,具有良好的抗冲击性能。     

聚氯乙烯—聚氧乙烯共混物的反相色谱研究

用反相色谱研究了聚氯乙烯与聚氧乙烯的相容性，发现其共混物的经保留体积Ｖｇ２３具有重量加和性，表明共混物可能发生了相分离，导出了相分离体系聚合物相互作用参数Ｘ２３的近似关系式：ｘ２３＝（ｘ１２－ｘ１３）＾２／２，由此式可以解释ｘ２３对探针种类的依赖性，聚氯乙烯和聚氧乙烯共混体系的反相色谱实验结果基本符合这一关系式。     

温度对丁腈羟聚氨酯固化反应及性能的影响

端羟基液体丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物(简称丁腈羟,以HTBN表示)通常用甲苯二异氰酸酯作固化剂,N,N′-二羟丙基苯胺为链延伸剂经二步法固化成丁腈羟聚氨酯弹性体。本文报导丁腈羟-甲苯二异氰酸酯预聚体和N,N′-二羟丙基苯胺体系中同化温度对同化反应及固化弹性体性能的影响规律。     

聚氯乙烯-聚氧乙烯共混物的反相色谱研究

用反相色谱研究了聚氯乙烯与聚氧乙烯的相容性,发现其共混物的比保留体积V_g23具有重量加和性,表明共混物可能发生了相分离。导出了相分离体系聚合物相互作用参数X₂₃的近似关系式:X₂₃=(X₁₂-X₁₃)²/2,由此式可以解释X₂₃对探针种类的依赖性。聚氯乙烯和聚氧乙烯共混体系的反相色谱实验结果基本符合这一关系式。     

Poly(hydroxybutyrate) and epichlorohydrin elastomers blends: Phase behavior and morphology

This work studied blends of PHB with epichlorohydrin elastomers, the PEP homopolymer and its copolymer with ethylene oxide, ECO. PHB is a microbial polyester, which is accumulated intracellularly by a large number of microorganisms, presenting characteristics of biodegradability and biocompatibility. It presents a high degree of crystallinity, so is a quite brittle material, and may undergo degradation when is kept for a relatively short time at a temperature above its melting point, about 180 °C. PEP and ECO are linear and amorphous elastomers, exhibit miscibility with many aliphatic polyesters and these elastomers have been used in various branches of technology, such as the automotive industry. The proposed systems combine a polymer with high crystallinity and biodegradability, PHB, with amorphous epichlorohydrin elastomers. Blends were prepared by casting from chloroform solution at different compositions (0, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 wt% of PHB). The phase behavior of PHB/PEP and PHB/ECO blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and the morphology of the crystalline phase of PHB had been examined by optical microscopy. Blends of PHB/PEP and PHB/ECO have been described in literature as miscible. However, our results from the DSC and DMA show that PHB/PEP and PHB/ECO blends are immiscible. This behavior should be related to the molecular weight of polymers used in the present work, which is higher than the molecular weight of polymers used in the previous works. The crystallization kinetics of PHB is strongly influenced by the presence of the elastomeric phase. The degree of crystallinity of PHB/PEP blends decreases with an increase in the PEP content. PHB/ECO blends present degrees of crystallinity that can be considered nearly independent of the ECO content. Differences in the morphology of the crystalline phase were also observed, and these are attributed to the presence of elastomeric phase in the intraspherulitic zone.     

Morphology, morphology development and mechanical properties of polystyrene/polybutadiene blends

Polystyrene/polybutadiene (PS/PB) blends with different plastic/rubber ratios were prepared by melt mixing. A detailed investigation on phase morphology development of 30/70 wt.% PS/PB blends as a function of processing conditions was quantitatively analyzed. Morphology is developed at the initial stages of mixing. Suitable blending conditions resulting in optimum phase morphology were obtained at 180 °C, 60 rpm and at 8 min mixing time. Phase morphologies of the blends were also studied as a function of composition. Mechanical properties of the blends were measured. Attempts were made to correlate the morphologies with the properties. Parallel-Voids model has been applied to characterize phase morphology of these blends.     

Morphology and mechanical properties of poly(ether-imide)-modified polycyanurates

A high temperature thermosetting bisphenol A dicyanate (BADCy) was modified with a novel thermoplastic poly(ether-imide) (PEI) at various compositions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the conversion of BADCy. Curing kinetics of the BADCy/PEI blend were studied by the dynamic differential scanning calorimeter method. Morphologies of PEI-modified polycyanurates were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the phase structures of the blends changed dramatically with the PEI content and molecular weight. The tensile results showed that the mechanical properties could be correlated with the morphologies. The blend with cocontinuous morphology had the highest tensile strength and elongation at break while the blend with ribbon-like morphology had the lowest one despite PEI molecular weight.     

A study of morphological,thermal, rheological and barrier properties of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)/polylactide blends prepared by melt mixing

The paper aims to study blend properties of biodegradable polymers of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and polylactide (PLA) prepared by melt mixing. Blend compositions based on PHBV/PLA were investigated according to the following weight ratios, i.e. 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100 wt%. The study showed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that blends of PHBV/PLA are not miscible. This is consistent with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data which indicate the presence of two distinct glass transition temperatures (T_g) and melting temperatures (T_m), attributed to the neat polymers, over all the range of blend compositions. Water and oxygen barrier properties of PHBV/PLA blends are significantly improved with increasing the PHBV content in the blend. Further, morphological analyzes indicated that increasing the PHBV content in the polymer blends results in increasing the PLA crystallinity due to the finely dispersed PHBV crystals acting as a filler and a nucleating agent for PLA. On the other hand, the addition of PLA to the blend results in a very impressive increase in the complex viscosity of PHBV. Moreover, the rheological data showed that, excluding the specific behavior of the neat polymers at low frequencies, i.e. less than 0.1 Hz, the complex viscosity of PHBV/PLA blends fits the mixing law well.     

聚丁二烯－b－甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的聚集态研究

聚丁二烯－ｂ－甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物的聚集态研究周庆业,张邦华,宋谋道,何炳林（南开大学高分子化学研究所,天津,３０００７１）关键词共聚物,相分离,聚集态结构嵌段共聚物按其组成、合成及成型条件的不同可形成丰富的相结构［１］,其动态力学性能,如在损耗模量...     

Effects of polybutadiene-g-SAN impact modifiers on the morphology and mechanical behaviors of ABS blends

A series of PB-g-SAN impact modifiers with different ratio of PB to SAN ranging from 20.6/79.4 to 91.9/8.1 were synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization. ABS blends were prepared by blending these PB-g-SAN impact modifiers and SAN resin. The rubber concentration of these ABS blends was kept at a constant value of 15 wt%. The influences of different impact modifier on the mechanical behavior and morphology of ABS blends have been investigated. The dynamic mechanical analysis on ABS blends shows that T_g of the rubbery phase shifts to a lower temperature, (tan δ)_max of the rubbery phase increases and then decreases with the increase of PB concentration in PB-g-SAN impact modifier. A uniform dispersion of rubber particles in the matrix can be observed when PB/SAN ratio in PB-g-SAN impact modifier is in the range from 20.6/79.4 to 71.7/28.3. When it exceeds 71.7/28.3, an agglomeration of rubber particles occurs. The mechanical tests indicate that the ABS blend, in which PB/SAN ratio in the impact modifier is 71.7/28.3, has the maximum impact strength and yield strength.     

iPP／aPP共混物溶液浇铸薄膜的形态结构研究

用透射电子显微镜和Ｘ射线衍射等方法研究了等规立构聚丙烯和无规立构聚丙烯共混物溶液浇铸膜的形态结构，结果表明，ａＰＰ的加入对ｉＰＰ的形态结构有很大的影响。     

共连续型高分子共混物性能预测模型的研究进展

共连续结构是不相容高分子共混物体系中的典型相结构。共连续共混物的机械性能、热性能、电性能以及阻隔性能等均由于两相的协同作用而得到显著改善。预测共连续共混物的性能无论是在工业生产还是在学术研究上都具有重要的意义。本文针对共连续共混物目前常用的性能预测模型进行了总结归纳,包括串并联模型、Kerner 模型、Davies 模型、Halpin-Tsai 模型、EBM 模型、SISS 模型、KISS 模型、Doi-Ohta 模型以及 Yu 模型等,讨论了这些模型的原理、适用性及优缺点,并对该领域下一步的研究方向进行了展望。     

PVC/PBD-b-PMMA共混体系相容性的研究

采用ＤＭＡ和ＴＥＭ系统研究了聚丁二烯－聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯的嵌段共聚物（ＰＢＤ－ｂ－ＰＭＭＡ）与聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）共混体系的相容性问题。结果表明：ＰＶＣ／ＰＢＤ－ｂ－ＰＭＭＡ共混体系具有部分相溶性。相容的程度与共混体系的组成、组分聚合物的分子量以及共聚物中ＰＢＤ和ＰＭＭＡ嵌段的比例密切相关。