CaO-P2O5-SiO2系统溶胶-凝胶生物活性多孔材料在SBF中的性能研究

利用溶胶-凝胶生物活性材料粉末二次烧结工艺,制备了CaO-P2O5-SiO2系统溶胶-凝胶生物活性多孔材料,并利用体外实验（in vitro）方法和XRD,SEM及FTIR技术研究了此烧结材料的显微形貌、晶相、生物活性和可降解性能.结果表明,经800℃烧结5 min后,有少量硅磷酸钙[Ca5（PO4）2SiO4,5CPS]析出,在模拟体液（SBF）中浸泡,随着时间的增长,材料表面最初形成的无定形钙磷化合物矿化成碳酸羟基磷灰石（HCA）纳米团簇,并逐渐相互融合形成HCA覆盖层;HCA只在烧结体的玻璃相（SG相）表面生成,在5CPS微晶相表面未发现HCA,该材料在37℃恒温的SBF溶液中具有较高的生物活性和可降解性能.     

SOFC阴极材料LSM的合成及性能研究

分别采用固相法、甘氨酸-硝酸盐燃烧法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料La0.8Sr0.2MnO3(LSM)。将合成的粉体在不同的温度下烧结,并通过XRD确定粉末成相最低烧结温度为900℃;利用扫描电镜(SEM)对合成的粉体进行微观结构的观察和分析;采用Van-der Pauw四电极法测量片状阴极的直流电阻进而计算电导率;采用三电极法研究LSM阴极材料的电化学性能;结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的LSM阴极与电解质的界面阻抗最小。同时,将3种方法制备的LSM应用到多孔阳极支撑型的固体氧化物燃料电池上,制备成全电池,并采用四电极法对全电池的输出性能进行测试分析,结果表明,溶胶-凝胶法制备的LSM阴极材料电化学性能良好,最大输出功率密度达317mW.cm-2。因此,溶胶-凝胶法合成的LSM粉末能够有效满足固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料的要求。     

含氟CaO-P2O5-SiO2-Na2O-B2O3玻璃陶瓷的制备及性能表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备CaO-P₂O₅-SiO₂-Na₂O-B₂O₃体系前驱体粉末,用CaF₂替代部分CaO再次制备前驱体粉末。 通过TG-DSC分析确定结晶温度为865 ℃,经过热处理获得主晶相为Na₆Ca₃Si₆O₁₈的玻璃陶瓷。 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等技术手段及体外生物活性实验分析玻璃陶瓷的显微结构及性能。 结果表明,CaF₂的加入能提高玻璃陶瓷的体积密度、抗折强度和弹性模量,并且不会破坏玻璃陶瓷的生物活性。     

新型固体氧化物燃料电池阴极材料Ca2-xSrxFe2O5的电化学性能研究

采用固相法合成了固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)阴极材料2-xSrxFe2O5(x=0.00,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20),利用XRD和SEM对其结构和微观形貌进行了表征.结果表明该阴极材料与固体电解质Sm0.8Ce0.2O1.9(SDC)在1000℃烧结时不发生化学反应,且烧结4 h后,二者之间可形成良好的接触界面.利用交流阻抗谱技术对阴极材料的电化学性能进行研究,结果显示,阴极上的反应过程主要为电荷的迁移反应,其中Ca1.95Sr0.05Fe2O5电极在空气中700℃下具有最小的极化电阻为0.95Ω·cm2.当测试温度为700℃时,阴极电流密度为74mA·cm-2时,阴极过电位为100mV.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备多孔晶体材料C12A7-C1~-

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了多孔晶体材料C12A7-Cl~-(Ca_(12)Al_(14)O_(32)Cl_2),制备凝胶的原料是四水合硝酸钙、九水合硝酸铝、氯化钙、尿素和乙二醇.混合溶液经过搅拌2-3 h形成溶胶,再经350℃热处理后形成凝胶体,最终在流动氩气气氛中1000℃烧结后得到材料.用X射线衍射,场发射扫描电子显微镜,热重分析,电子顺磁共振和离子色谱等方法表征合成的C12A7-Cl~-多孔晶体材料.结果表明,利用溶胶.凝胶法成功地生成了C12A7结构,氯负离子是材料中存储的主要负离子.此外,从C12A7-Cl~-晶体材料表面发射的氯负离子也被飞行时间质谱观测到.上述结果说明溶胶-凝胶法可被用于制备C12A7-Cl~-晶体材料.     

Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2的溶胶-凝胶法合成及其性质

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Ce₁-xGdxO_2-x/2(x=0.1～0.6)系列固体电解质,系统地研究了其结构、热膨胀系数和导电性.XRD结果表明,160℃即完全形成立方萤石结构.由于溶胶-凝胶法合成的物质粒度均匀,颗粒小,故在较低温度(1300℃)时即可形成高致密样品,此温度明显低于传统的高温固相法烧结温度(1600～1650℃).高温X射线衍射测得Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9的热膨胀系数为8.125×10^-6K₁.阻抗谱表明,溶胶-凝胶法合成可减少或消除固体电解质的晶界电阻,600℃时Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_1.9的电导率为5.26×10^-3S/cm,活化能E_a=0.82eV.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备多孔晶体材料C12A7-Cl-

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备了多孔晶体材料C12A7-Cl- (Ca12Al14O32Cl2), 制备凝胶的原料是四水合硝酸钙、九水合硝酸铝、氯化钙、尿素和乙二醇. 混合溶液经过搅拌2-3 h形成溶胶, 再经350 ℃热处理后形成凝胶体, 最终在流动氩气气氛中1000 ℃烧结后得到材料. 用X射线衍射, 场发射扫描电子显微镜, 热重分析, 电子顺磁共振和离子色谱等方法表征合成的C12A7-Cl-多孔晶体材料. 结果表明, 利用溶胶-凝胶法成功地生成了C12A7 结构, 氯负离子是材料中存储的主要负离子. 此外, 从C12A7-Cl-晶体材料表面发射的氯负离子也被飞行时间质谱观测到. 上述结果说明溶胶-凝胶法可被用于制备C12A7-Cl-晶体材料.     

Sn0.5Ti((0.5)O2固溶体的溶胶-凝胶法制备、表征及其热稳定性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Sn_0.5Ti_0.5O₂固溶体.用X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析(DTA)和红外(IR)技术对材料的结构和热稳定性进行了分析表征.固溶体的热稳定性与起始反应温度有关,在40℃水浴温度下制备的凝胶经1000℃烧结,发生了相分解,出现了富Sn和富Ti相,而在80℃水浴温度下制备的凝胶经1200℃烧结也不发生相分解,仍以Sn_0.5Ti_0.5O₂相存在,而且用差热分析也得到了同样的结论.     

静电纺丝结合溶胶-凝胶法制备MgNb2O6陶瓷纤维

以五氧化二铌(Nb2O5)和氧化镁(MgO)为原料,柠檬酸作配位剂,采用静电纺丝结合溶胶-凝胶法制备了铌酸镁(MgNb2O6)陶瓷纤维。在本合成体系中,高质量Nb5+溶液的获得是形成MgNb2O6前驱体溶胶的关键步骤。通过TGA,FTIR,XRD,TEM以及SEM技术对纤维的形貌,微观结构以及组成进行了表征。结果表明,900℃烧结以后得到的MgNb2O6纤维长度约为10 cm,具有中空结构,壁厚约为800 nm。     

微波合成对SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+晶相和铕的价态的影响

为了在较低温度下合成性能优良的SrAl2O4：Eu^2＋,Dy^3＋（SAO—ED）发光材料,采用溶胶-凝胶-微波法在900℃烧结30min合成SAO—ED发光材料。产品的发光性能优于传统高温固相法1400℃烧结3h制备的产品。根据Henderson和Taylor提出的公式对SrAl2O4的XRD数据进行了量化,计算出单斜晶系（M）和六方晶系的比例;结果表明,溶胶-凝胶-微波法制备的产品中只有单斜晶系存在,而高温固相法制备的产品中有六方晶系存在,六方晶系不发光。另外,产品采用XANES表征了Eu离子存在的价态,发现溶胶一凝胶微波法制备的产品中残留的Eu^3＋的比例远低于传统高温固相法制备的产品。以上两种原因导致了产品的发光性能优于高温固相法制备的产品。     

Jahn-Teller-distorted dimeric anions in (cat)[Mn2F8(H2O)2]·2H2O (cat = pipzH2, dabcoH2) and (dabcoH2)2[Mn2F8(H2PO4)2]

Using biprotonated dabco (1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) or pipz (piperazine) as counter cations, mixed-ligand fluoromanganates(III) with dimeric anions could be prepared from hydrofluoric acid solutions. The crystal structures were determined by X-ray diffraction on single crystals: dabcoH₂[Mn₂F₈(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O (1), space group P2₁, Z = 2, a = 6.944(1), b = 14.689(3), c = 7.307(1) Å, β = 93.75(3)°, R₁ = 0.0240; pipzH₂[Mn₂F₈(H₂O)₂]·2H₂O (2), space group , Z = 2, a = 6.977(1), b = 8.760(2), c = 12.584(3) Å, α = 83.79(3), β = 74.25(3), γ = 71.20(3)°, R₁ = 0.0451; (dabcoH₂)₂[Mn₂F₈(H₂PO₄)₂] (3), space group P2₁/n, Z = 4, a = 9.3447(4), b = 12.5208(4), c = 9.7591(6) Å, β = 94.392(8)°, R₁ = 0.0280. All three compounds show dimeric anions formed by [MnF₅O] octahedra (O from oxo ligands) sharing a common edge, with strongly asymmetric double fluorine bridges. In contrast to analogous dimeric anions of Al or Fe(III), the oxo ligands (H₂O (1,2) or phosphate (3)) are in equatorial trans-positions within the bridging plane. The strong pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect of octahedral Mn(III) complexes is documented in a huge elongation of an octahedral axis, namely that including the long bridging Mn-F bond and the Mn-O bond. In spite of different charge of the anion in the fluoride phosphate, the octahedral geometry is almost the same as in the aqua-fluoro compounds. The strong distortion is reflected also in the ligand field spectra.     

Crystal and molecular structures of the Rh[(C2H5O)2PS2]3 and Co[(C6H5O)2PS2]3 chelate compounds

The crystal structures of the Rh[(EtO)₂PS₂]₃ (I) and Co[(PhO)₂PS₂]₃ (II) chelate compounds were determined from X-ray diffraction (XRD) data (CAD-4 diffractometer, MoK _β radiation, 1193 F _hkl , R = 0.0516 for I and 513 F _hkl , R = 0.0305 for II). Crystals I are monoclinic: a = 14.233(3) Å, b = 13.570(3) Å, c = 14.272(3) Å; β = 90.66(3)°, V = 2756.3(10) ų, Z = 4, ρ_calc = 1.587 g/cm³, space group C2/c. Crystals II are trigonal: a = 15.149(2) Å, c = 30.306(6) Å; V = 6023.2(16) ų, Z = 6, ρ_calc = 1.493 g/cm³, space group R3ˉ. Structures I and II consist of discrete mononuclear molecules. The coordination polyhedra of the M atoms (M = Rh, Co) are distorted octahedra formed by six sulfur atoms of three cyclic bidentate (RO)₂ PS₂⁻ ligands. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2008 by R. F. Klevtsova, L. A. Glinskaya, and S. V. Larionov __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 49, No. 2, pp. 330–334, March–April, 2008.     

有机锡配合物{[(n-C8H17)2Sn(O2CCH2CS2NC4H8O)]2O}2的合成，表征及晶体结构

The title complex {[(n-C₈H₁₇)₂Sn(O₂CCH₂CS₂NC₄H₈O)]₂O}₂ has been synthesized by the reaction of (morpholinylthiocarbamoylthio)acetic acid with the di-n-octyltin oxide in 1∶1 molar ratio. The complex was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and ¹H NMR. The crystal and molecular structure of complex was determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to triclinic system with space group P1 and unit cell dimensions: a=1.201 5(9) nm, b=1.481 8(11) nm, c=1.894 1(14) nm, α=72.485(10)°, β=88.586(10)°, γ=66.893(9)°, and Z=1, μ=1.034 mm^-1, V=2.941(4) nm³, D_c=1.295 g·cm^-3, F(000)=1 196, R₁=0.058 8, wR₂=0.155 8. The complex is a centrosymmetric structure with a four-membered central endo-cyclic Sn₂O₂ unit in which two bridged oxygen atoms both connect with an exo-cyclic tin atom. The endo-cyclic tin atoms and the exo-cyclic tin atom are all five-coordinate and have coordination geometry of distorted trigonal bipyramid with an additional weak coordination carboxylate oxygen. Four carboxylate ligands are divided into two types. And two of them are monodentate and connecting to each of exo-cyclic tin atoms by using one oxygen atom, whereas the others bridge to each pair of exo-and endo-cyclic tin atoms utilizing one oxygen atom. CCDC: 277048.     

Electronic structure and reactivity of PO 43? , P2O 74? phosphate and SO 42? , S2O 72? sulfate anions

Group-theoretical analysis and molecular orbital methods were used to obtain (in analytical form) the electronic structure and reactivity of the PO ₄ ³⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ and P₂O ₇ ⁴⁻ , S₂O ₇ ²⁻ anions. The reactivity of the anions is dictated by the availability of lone electron pairs on the top quasidegenerate MOs in the form of linear combinations of group orbitals from atomic orbitals (AOs) of peripheral oxygen atoms for PO ₄ ³⁻ , SO ₄ ²⁻ and the central (bridging) atom for P₂O ₇ ⁴⁻ , S₂O ₇ ²⁻ . These electron pairs are responsible for the donor-acceptor interactions during complexation, clustering, and other (addition, substitution, etc.) reactions. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2005 V. A. Zasukha, A. P. Shpak, V. V. Trachevskii, and E. V. Urubkova __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 405–415, May–June, 2005.     

二聚体有机锡配合物{[n-Bu2Sn(O2CCH2CS2NC4H8)]2O}2的合成，表征及晶体结构(英)

The title compound, {[n-Bu₂Sn(O₂CCH₂CS₂NC₄H₈)]₂O}₂, has been synthesized by the reaction of (tetrahydro-pyrrodithiolocarbamoylthio)acetic acid with the di-n-bubyltin oxide in 1∶1 molar ratio. The complex has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR. The crystal structure of it has been determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. And the results showed that the crystal belongs to triclinic system with space group P1 and some crystal parameters: a=1.220 2(9) nm, b=1.315 8(10) nm, c=1.380 4(10) nm, α=111.215(9)°， β=99.357(9)°， γ=96.075(10)°, V=2.006(2) nm³, Z=1, F(000)=908, μ=1.489 mm^-1, D_c=1.474 g·cm^-3, R₁=0.037 5, wR₂=0.0839. The complex has a centrosymmetric dimer structure mode with a four-membered central endo-cyclic Sn₂O₂ unit in which two bridged oxygen atoms both connect with an exo-cyclic tin atom which has a distorted octahedron. Each of the endo-cyclic tin atoms exhibits a distorted trigonal bipyramid coordination geometry with an additional weak coordination carboxylate oxygen. Four carboxylate ligands are divided into two types. And two of them are bidentate and connecting to each of exo-cyclic tin atoms by using both oxygen atoms, whereas the others bridge to each pair of exo-and endo-cyclic tin atoms utilizing one oxygen atom only. CCDC: 220513.     

Pt(PPh3)2-η2C60络合物的分子轨道研究

近年来,自Kratschmer 等人采用并不复杂的方法就能制备出宏观量的C_(60),人们对它的兴趣也从结构的研究逐渐转向化学性质的研究.C_(60)是目前自然界已知对称性最高的球状分子,每个C 原子都以接近sp~2杂化轨道和相邻的三个C 原子相联.C_(60)的NMR 化学位移以及闭壳层的电子结构和较宽的HOMO-LUMO 间隙,都说明它具有典型的芳香化合物——苯的某些特性.另外,掺杂(碱金属元素)后,它具有的导电性又表现出石墨具有的某些特点.     

Some further studies of estertin compounds. crystal structures of [NEt4][MeO2CCH2CH2Sn(dmio)2] (dmio = 1,3-dithiole-2-one-4,5-dithiolato) and (MeO2CCH2CH2)2SnX2[X2 = I2, (NCS)2 or Cl, Br]

Estertn compounds, (MeO₂CCH₂CH₂)₂SnX₂ [X₂ = I₂ (2); X₂ = Br₂ (9); X₂ = Cl, Br (4)) or X₂ = (NCS)₂ (3)] have been obtained by halide exchange reactions of (MeO₂CCH₂CH₂)₂SnCl₂. Crystal structure determinations of 2–4 revealed chelating MeO₂CCH₂CH₂ units with distorted octahedral geometries at tin. The Sn---O bond lengths in the isothiocyanato complex, 3, are shorter [2.390(11) to 2.498(12), mean 2.439 Å], with the chelate bite angles, C---Sn---O, larger [74.3(7) to 78.2(6), mean 76.0°] than those in the halide analogues 2 and 4 [Sn---O = 2.519(2) to 2.541(8), mean 2.530 Å; C---Sn---O 72.8(3) to 73.9(4), mean 73.3°]. ¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹⁹Sn NMR and IR spectra of 2–4 and 9 were determined in CDCl₃ solution: the NMR spectra of (MeO₂CCH₂CH₂)₂SnX₂ show the following trends: (i) both δ¹H and δ¹³C, increase and (ii) both ²J (Sn---H) and ¹J(Sn---C) decrease in the sequence X₂ = (NCS)₂, Cl₂, ClBr, Br₂ and I₂. The MeO₂CCH₂CH₂ and dmio groups (dmio = 1,3-dithiole-2-one-4,5-dithiolato) are all chelating groups in (MeO₂CCH₂CH₂)₂Sn(dmio) (5). As shown by X-ray crystallography, the tin atom in the anion of solid [Q][MeO₂CCH₂CH₂Sn(dmio)₂] 6 (Q = NEt₄) forms 5 strong bonds [to C and the 4 thiolato S atoms, Sn---S 2.459(2) to 2.559(2) Å], arranged in a near trigonal bipyramidal array. There is an additional Intramolecular but weaker, interaction with the carbonyl oxygen atom [Sn---O = 3.111(5) Å]; v(C=O) = 1714 cm⁻¹ in solid 6 (Q = NEt₄). NMR spectra of 5 and 6 are also reported.     

H2O2-responsive theranostic nanomedicine

This review summarizes and discusses the very-recent developments of H₂O₂-responsive theranostic nanoplatforms for versatile biomedical applications, including diagnostic imaging, attenuating tumor hypoxia, enhancing the therapeutic effi ciency of photodynamic therapy/radiation therapy/chemotherapy and theranostic of inflammation/diabetic. It is highly believed that H₂O₂-responsive theranostic nanomedicine will be extensively developed a new specifi c and effi cient theranostic modality to benefi t the personalized biomedicine in the near future.     

Synthesis and characterization of methylpalladium(II) dithiolate complexes of the type [PdMe(SS)(ER3)] (SS = S2CNR 2, S2COEt, S2P(OR)2, S2 PPh2; ER3 = PMePh2, PPh3, AsPh3)

Methylpalladium(II) dithiolate complexes of the type [PdMe(SS)(ER₃] (SS = S₂ CNR₂ (R = Me or Et), S₂COEt, S₂P(OR)₂ (R = Et, ⁿPr, ⁱPr), S₂PPh₂; ER₃ = PMePh₂, PPh₃, AsPh₃) have been synthesized by the reaction of [Pd₂Me₂(μ-Cl)₂(PMePh₂)₂] with sodium/potassium/ammonium salts of the dithio acid or by treatment of [PdMeCl(cod)] with ER₃ followed by sodium/potassium/ammonium salts of the dithio ligand. All the complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H, ³¹P) data.     

Mixed-Ligand Complexes of Ni(i-Bu2PS2)2 with 4-Aminopyridine. Structure of [Ni(4-NH2Py)(i-Bu2PS2)2]

Mixed-ligand complexes [Ni(4-NH₂Py) (i-Bu₂PS₂)₂] (I) and Ni(4-NH₂Py)₂(i-Bu₂PS₂)₂ (II) have been synthesized. Single crystals were grown and X-ray diffraction data (CAD-4 diffractometer, Mo_{K α} radiation, 1477 F _hkl , R = 0.0320) were used to determine the structure of I. The crystals are orthorhombic: a = 10.675(1) Å; b = 21.681(2) Å; c = 26.302(4) Å, V = 6087.5(12) ų, Z = 8, ρ(calc) = 1.247 g/cm³, space group Pbca. Complex I possesses a mononuclear molecular structure. The coordination polyhedron of the Ni atom is a tetragonal pyramid NS₄ whose base is formed by four S atoms of two cyclic bidentate ligands i-Bu₂PS ₂ ⁻ and the axial position is occupied by the N atom of the 4-NH₂Py cycle. According to electron spectroscopy data, complex II has an octahedral N₂S₄ environment of the Ni atom.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by T. E. Kokina, L. A. Glinskaya, E. A. Novoselova, R. F. Klevtsova, and S. V. Larionov__________Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 899–904, September–October, 2004.