可调谐激光器腔内色散棱镜及其组合

分析了色散棱镜的特性及其顶角设计问题。讨论了色散棱镜和扩束棱镜在布鲁斯特角入射状态下，可组合使用的形式及单程角色散。提出将色散棱镜与扩束棱镜组合使用，可减少色散棱镜个数而获得更大角色散的方法。并据此设计了两个色散棱镜组，在Ｔｉ∶Ｓ激光器中得到实际使用。     

布儒斯特棱镜扩束器

我们设计了一种布儒斯特棱镜扩束器,体积小、扩束比大、损耗低、偏振性好,可用于各种脉冲染料激光系统。     

染料激光腔内双扩束棱镜系统的特性

本文推导了双扩束棱镜系统的角色散公式,从理论上证明了一个不带标准具的、由双棱镜扩束系统组成的调谐腔,能够达到GHz量级(～10~(-2)(?))的窄带可调谐激光,且经实验验证获得了小于4GHz的激光输出,为采用多棱镜系统以获得小于1GHz的窄带激光提供了理论依据.此外,还分析了这种系统具有反射损耗小、偏振运转和调整容易等优点,表明双(多)棱镜扩束系统是一种比较理想的光扩束、滤波、调谐多功能的光学元件.     

角锥棱镜的偏振效应

分析了实心角锥棱镜对任意方向入射光的偏振态的影响,同时考虑振幅的变化,给出角锥棱镜的琼斯矩阵表达式,文中计算了当光线平行于角锥棱镜对角线方向入射时角锥棱镜的琼斯矩阵的具体数据,同时对不平行的一些典型的情况也进行了计算,所有结果均在实验中得到证实.     

扩束棱镜在激光陀螺信号检测中的应用

本文指出,利用扩束棱镜将高斯光斑在一维方向扩束,能明显地提高多个探测器所探测的激光陀螺拍频信号的信噪比.     

角锥棱镜的斜入射远场衍射图样

角锥棱镜是激光反射器的主要光学组件,在合作目标卫星激光测距中发挥着关键作用.精确计算角锥棱镜的远场衍射图样是估算激光测距回波能量的必要过程.本文基于角锥棱镜的反射原理,分析了不同激光入射方向对反射器有效反射面积的影响,提出了一种适用范围更广的有效反射面积计算方法,同时分析了激光入射方向对角锥棱镜光学反射率的影响.在此基础上,应用光学标量衍射理论建立了远场衍射图样算法,分别对多种激光入射方向的镀金属(银)膜和无镀膜角锥棱镜进行了远场衍射图样仿真计算,得到了两类角锥棱镜的远场衍射图样分布随入射方向变化的规律.搭建了角锥棱镜远场衍射图样测试系统,通过实测结果与仿真计算的对比分析,验证了仿真计算的准确性.     

立方角锥棱镜的有效反射区

定义了立方角锥棱镜的有效反射区 ,证明了立方角锥棱镜底面角部区域 (即非有效反射区 )入射光与出射光不平行 ,并且在入射光垂直棱镜底面入射情况下计算得有效反射区的面积为底面的三分之二。     

棱镜转动定理数学解析

<正> 本文用数学方法论证棱镜转动定理,并用解析法求解反射棱镜的特征方向、极值轴向和象偏转极值。一、反射棱镜的作用矩阵透镜本身是一个旋转体,其光轴为旋转轴,物、象关系是轴对称的,分析计算时在一个平面内研究物点和象点关系就可以了。反射棱镜则由于反射面的作用,光轴变成折线,光轴有     

五棱镜转动时出射光角度的变化

为了对大口径平面镜面形轮廓的五棱镜扫描法测试进行误差分析和修正,对五棱镜转动时出射光角度的变化进行了分析与精确计算。首先建立了合适的坐标系并规定了角度的正负,然后由入射光的偏摆角和俯仰角计算入射光向量,接着介绍了五棱镜的作用矩阵与坐标转换矩阵,在此基础上详细分析了五棱镜转动的整个过程并且计算了出射光向量。然后计算出射光的偏摆角和俯仰角,再计算当五棱镜没有转动时出射光的偏摆角和俯仰角。最后计算出射光偏摆角和俯仰角的变化。特别分析了当入射光垂直入射五棱镜的情况。随后进行了实际计算与实验,总结了出射光角度变化的一些规律。将计算数据与实验数据进行了比较,结果最大偏差为1"。最大偏差在实验精度范围内,证明了计算方法是正确的。     

波罗棱镜谐振腔调Q关门的研究

波罗棱镜谐振腔激光器具有机械稳定度高、光束质量好的特点。波罗棱镜会使入射光退偏,调Q时1/4λ波片无法有效工作,需要使用适当的波片补偿。利用琼斯矩阵建立波罗棱镜谐振腔调Q的数学模型并进行求解计算。分析了不同波罗棱镜方位角下的最优补偿波片并计算了波片公差、波罗棱镜折射率公差、方位角安装公差等对消光比的影响。当波罗棱镜水平放置,波片相位公差±0.02λ,关门消光比大于20 dB;波罗棱镜45°/135°放置时,存在四种对应的最优关门波片,波罗棱镜方位角0±4.66°的范围内,关门消光比可大于30 d B。以上结果为波罗棱镜谐振腔调Q激光器的设计提供更优及更具工程化意义的依据。     

Gain depletion due to amplified spontaneous emission in multi-pass laser amplifiers

Calculations of the effects of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) in laser amplifiers designed to amplify sub-picosecond pulses are presented. A one-dimensional code is used with some simple approximations to account for aspect ratio variation in cases of cylindrical symmetry. Gain depletion due to ASE is compared for various multi-pass geometries. Optimisation for short pulse amplification of a telescopic, beam-expanding, 4-pass amplifier is considered.On leave from Electrotechnical Laboratory, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan     

射频板条CO2激光器输出光束的光学变换

射频激励板条CO2激光器输出激光近场光斑近似为一条线,远场光斑为O形图样。在垂直于光束传输方向的平面内,光束在一个方向发散很大,无法用于激光加工。根据激光器不同的激光功率级别及光束尺寸,分别采用了圆柱面镜、滤波光阑、扩束望远镜等不同组合的方法,将200 W激光器输出光束变换成远场光束为Φ6、近似TEM00模的圆形光束,500 W激光器远场光束为Φ10的低阶模的圆形光束。成功用于激光切割。     

Numerical Investigation of Surface Plasmons Associated Subwavelength Optical Single-Pass Effect

Surface plasmons （SPs） associated optical single-pass effect has been investigated in novel subwavelength metallic structures, including single slit and grating structures. With influence of SPs, these metallic structures can enhance transmission in incident direction and suppress it in the opposite direction, exhibiting a single-pass effect. The finite difference time domain method is employed to study the influences of structure parameters on far-field transmission, near-field electric field distribution and extinction ratio of the single-pass transmission effect. A maximal extinction ratio of 47.83dB is achieved in the grating structure.     

Demonstration of a cavity-enhanced optical parametric chirped-pulse amplification system

The use of a low finesse enhancement cavity resonant with a low average power (<1 W) and a high repetition rate (78 MHz) pump source is shown to achieve 55% conversion efficiency into signal and idler from the coupled pump in an optical parametric process, whereas an equivalent amount of pump power in a single-pass configuration leads to negligible conversion. Careful comparison of the intracavity conversion process to the single-pass case is performed to assess the underlying impedance matching that yields the high conversion results.     

基于双程放大的毛细管放电69.8 nm激光增益特性

建立了类氖氩C线69.8 nm激光的双程放大实验后反射腔结构,利用45 cm长毛细管作为放电负载得到了其双程放大输出.在相同初始实验条件下,分别测量了单程放大输出与双程放大输出的激光脉冲光强、脉冲宽度以及激光束散角.通过对比单程与双程输出实验结果,利用双程放大激光光强的计算公式,分析得到了增益持续时间大于4 ns,以及增益在毛细管径向上的分布特点.以上结果为建立谐振腔进行毛细管放电类氖氩激光的多程放大实验奠定了基础.     

Studies on Nd:YAG Single-pass Amplifiers for High-power Q-switched Laser System

The output of Nd∶YAG single-pass laser amplifiers is studied analytically and experimentally. Methods of analysis for single-pass Nd∶YAG laser amplifier are presented. A flashlamp-pumped Q-switched Nd∶YAG oscillator/amplifier laser system has been developed with the average output power of 121.5 W.     

Studies on Nd∶YAG Single-pass Amplifiers for High-power Q-switched Laser System

The output of Nd∶YAG single-pass laser amplifiers is studied analytically and experimentally. Methods of analysis for single-pass Nd∶YAG laser amplifier are presented. A flashlamp-pumped Q-switched Nd∶YAG oscillator/amplifier laser system has been developed with the average output power of 121.5 W.     

Feasibility of rf plasma heating in the Globus-M spherical tokamak at frequencies above the ion cyclotron frequency

Feasibility of rf plasma heating in the Globus-M spherical tokamak at frequencies several times higher than the ion cyclotron frequency is considered. Results from a numerical analysis of this problem by using one-and two-dimensional codes are presented. It is shown that, for the plasma parameters attainable in this device, the single-pass absorption of fast magnetosonic waves reaches 60%. The energy is released near the plasma axis. The radiation resistance of a one-loop antenna should be close to 1 Ω. The design of an antenna that allows one to match the rf oscillator to the load is described. The parameters of the antenna resonator required for optimum operation of the antenna are given.     

Limit to minimally destructive optical detection of atoms

All optical techniques used to probe the properties of Bose-Einstein condensates have been based on dispersion and absorption that can be described by a two-level atom. Both phenomena lead to spontaneous emission that is destructive at the low energies involved with ultracold atomic systems. Recently, both were shown to lead to the same limit to the signal to noise ratio for a given destruction. We develop a new method for calculating the phase shift of a laser beam and show that no single-pass optical technique using classical light and a three-level atom can exceed this limit. This puts significant restrictions on potential nondestructive measurement schemes.     

Effects of process variables on laser direct formation of thin wall

In this paper, effects of process variables on wall thickness, powder primary efficiency and speed of forming a thin metallic wall in single-pass coaxial laser cladding are investigated, and some resolution models are established and testified experimentally. With some assumptions, each of wall thickness, powder primary efficiency and formation speed can be defined as a function of the process variables. Wall thickness is equal to width of the molten pool created in single-pass laser cladding and determined by laser absorptivity, laser power, initial temperature, scanning speed and thermo-physical properties of clad material. Powder primary efficiency and formation speed are both dependent on an exponential function involving the ratio of melt pool width, which is decided by the process variables, to powder flow diameter. In addition, formation speed is influenced by powder feed rate. In present experiment, a 500 W continual-wave (CW) CO₂ laser is used to produce thin-wall samples by single-pass coaxial laser cladding. The experimental results agree well with the calculation values despite some errors.