交叉型消像散Czerny-Turner结构光谱仪设计

以相对孔径为1：8,工作波段为780～1014nm为初始光学参数,首次推导出交叉型Czerny-Turner（C-T）结构光谱仪的一阶消像散条件,搭建了交叉型消像散C-T结构和交叉型消彗差C-T结构。利用ZEMAX软件对两种初始结构进行了优化和比较。结果表明：交叉型消像散C-T结构具有更优越的光学性能,其均方根半径仅是消彗差C-T结构的12％～52％。消像散C-T结构不仅在沿狭缝方向上能量更为集中,利于设计大聚光能力的分光系统,而且在沿垂直于狭缝方向上点斑更小,具有更高的光谱分辨率。     

Compact static infrared broadband snapshot imaging spectrometer

A compact static infrared broadband snapshot imaging spectrometer （IBSIS） is presented. It consists of a telescope, three prisms, a focusing lens, and a detector. The first prism disperses sharply in the near-infrared （NIR） range along the vertical direction, and it is relatively non-dispersive in the mid-wave infrared （MWIR） range. The second prism is substantially more dispersive in the MWIR range than in the NIR range along the horizontal direction. The beam deviation caused by the first and second prisms can be controlled by the third prism. The IBSIS yields a two-dimensional dispersion pattern （TDP）. The formulas and numerical simulation of the TDP are presented. The methods of target location calculation and spectral signature extraction are described. The IBSIS can locate multiple targets using only one frame of data, which allows for real-time detection and measurement of the energetic targets.     

A broadband mid-infrared laser magnetic resonance spectrometer for the spectral range of 1200–2000 wavenumbers

A broadband mid-infrared laser magnetic resonance spectrometer is described, which can be operated in intracavity or extracavity configuration. The specially designed CO-laser gain tube allows operation from 1220–2000 cm^?1. Experimental details and examples of spectroscopic applications are discussed.     

卫星平台振动对色散型光谱仪光谱成像质量的影响分析

卫星平台振动导致色散型成像光谱仪在曝光过程中与地物产生相对运动,从而严重地影响了光谱数据质量.本文以PHI为色散型光谱仪模型,研究计算了俯仰角、侧滚角、偏航角以及三角综合按照卫星振动信号和不同振幅的[谐波振动对光谱数据的空间图像和光谱的影响程度,并且仿真出了各种振动下的畸变光谱数据立方体,得到卫星平台振动造成光谱数据畸...     

成像光谱仪星上光谱定标的数据处理

为了提高仪器光谱定标精度,降低谱线偏移对地物反射光谱数据反演精度的影响（特别是大气吸收峰附近）,根据星上光谱定标的特点,介绍了星上光谱定标数据处理的常用方法。通过对实验室光谱定标时两种典型工况的比较,实现了星上定标数据处理算法的地面仿真,验证了算法的可行性,并比较了各自的优缺点。结果表明,基于谱线匹配的标准差法、相关系数法和最小差值法计算精度较高,但计算效率较低;基于多项式拟合的极值法计算精度较低,但是计算效率较其他算法提高1个数量级。用极值法对数据进行预处理,快速确定谱线偏移量,再用谱线匹配算法在小范围内精确计算谱线偏移量,可以在不影响计算精度的前提下提高运算速度,计算精度优于1 nm,满足成像光谱仪星上光谱定标的精度要求。     

凸面光栅成像光谱仪全视场自动化光谱定标系统设计

为了确定凸面光栅成像光谱仪的光谱特性,需要对凸面光栅成像光谱仪进行光谱定标。基于单色准直光法设计了一套全视场光谱定标系统,引入球面镜提供准直光,采用一块可以自由滑动和转动的折转镜改变定标光线的入射角,实现了全谱段自动化光谱定标。运用光学设计软件CODEV对光谱定标系统进行了部分光学模拟,证明了整个系统的可靠性。结合光谱定标系统的结构和特点,对整个光谱定标系统进行了精度分析。理论分析结果表明,该系统的光谱定标精度优于1%。该定标系统具有体积小、通用性强等特点,可为其他成像光谱仪的光谱定标提供参考。     

Stimulated Raman hyperspectral imaging based on spectral filtering of broadband fiber laser pulses

We demonstrate a technique of hyperspectral imaging in stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy using a tunable optical filter, whose transmission wavelength can be varied quickly by a galvanometer mirror. Experimentally, broadband Yb fiber laser pulses are synchronized with picosecond Ti:sapphire pulses, and then spectrally filtered out by the filter. After amplification by fiber amplifiers, we obtain narrowband pulses with a spectral width of <3.3 cm(-1) and a wavelength tunability of >225 cm(-1). By using these pulses, we accomplish SRS imaging of polymer beads with spectral information.     

偏振型干涉成像光谱仪谱线位置定标方法的研究

论述了偏振型干涉成像光谱仪的工作原理, 针对复原光谱谱线位置漂移问题, 提出了原理修正和数据处理两种具有代表性的实验室谱线位置定标方法, 给出了定标结果及对比分析. 原理修正方法从干涉型成像光谱仪的参数选择着手, 分析了产生谱线位置漂移的原因, 针对复原谱线位置随行变化的问题, 给出了修正方案, 使得谱线位置精度明显提高; 对于给定的四组激光器标准波长, 谱线位置均方根误差由定标前的28.3914下降至5.5371, 该方法对干涉型成像光谱仪具有普适性, 且其定标参数对分析仪器指标提供了便利. 数据处理方法弥补了原理修正定标存在的数据量大、短波定标效果弱等弊端, 谱线位置均方根误差下降至0.9178, 该方法实施简单, 对不同的输入波长, 所取不同行的数据用统一的表达式进行修正. 该方法化繁为简、间接定标的思想具有一定的借鉴价值. 该研究为偏振型干涉成像光谱仪的设计、研制、调试和工程化提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导.     

Microbolometer imaging spectrometer

Newly developed, high-performance, long-wave- and mid-wave-IR Dyson spectrometers offer a compact, low-distortion, broadband, imaging spectrometer design. The design is further accentuated when coupled to microbolometer array technology. This novel coupling allows radiometric and spectral measurements of high-temperature targets. It also serves to be unique since it allows for the system to be aligned warm. This eliminates the need for cryogenic temperature cycling. Proof of concept results are shown for a spectrometer with a 7.5 to 12.0 μm spectral range and approximately 20 nm per spectral band (~200 bands). Results presented in this Letter show performance for remote hot targets (>200 °C) using an engineering grade spectrometer and IR commercial lens assembly.     

成像光谱仪一体化设计

随着超光谱成像技术的发展,超光谱成像光谱仪的要求也随之提高,小型化、高光谱分辨率和高空间分辨率成为发展趋势,这就要求设计者在进行仪器设计的过程中不断完善和优化设计。提出了成像光谱仪一体化设计的方法,即不单纯地进行光谱仪分光系统的设计,而是将光谱仪分光系统置于整体结构中进行整体系统设计和优化,从而实现超光谱成像光谱仪的最佳设计结果,并以近年来应用较为广泛的凸面光栅成像光谱仪为例,较为详细地阐述了成像光谱仪一体化设计方法在系统研制过程中的应用,并通过对该凸面光栅成像光谱仪的测试验证了该方法的正确性。     

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪径向畸变导致的谱线偏移误差的校正

为提高大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪在视场增大时的光谱定标精度,减小径向畸变对光谱精度的影响,本文提出一种基于光谱——畸变关联模型的光谱定标系数修正方法,给出了波数和波长修正公式.采用594.1?nm和632.8?nm气体激光器对成像光谱仪进行了光谱成像实验,并对数据进行了处理和分析.结果表明,当存在0.3％的桶形畸变时,边...     

An acousto-optical imaging spectrometer for astrophysical measurements

An optical scheme of an acousto-optical imaging spectrometer for observing extended astrophysical objects with line emission spectra is proposed. The use of an additional prism with a specified angular dispersion makes it possible to separate images of an extended object at different emission lines and images generated by minor maxima of the acousto-optical filter transmission function. A prototype of the imaging spectrometer has been designed.     

超光谱成像仪图像均匀性校正

为获得高质量新型超光谱成像仪图像,根据新型超光谱成像仪图像特点,对其图像均匀性校正进行研究。利用转台旋转模拟超光谱成像仪对地面推扫,对景物成像获得超光谱成像仪三维数据;采用太阳作为新型超光谱成像仪图像均匀性校正光源,应用相应校正系数对超光谱成像仪的数据进行处理。结果表明：所采用校正方法对新型超光谱成像仪具有很好校正效果,同时也验证了新型成像光谱仪具有较高成像质量;单像元校正时间为2×10-6s,大数据量图像校正需较长时间;利用太阳照射漫反射板作为扩展源对亮度均匀物体图像进行校正,校正均匀性小于4%。     

Double-pass grating imaging spectrometer

A double-pass grating imaging spectrometer is proposed and demonstrated. The traditional entrance slit is replaced by a middle reflective slit, which is used as a spectral filter rather than a spatial filter. The light from the scene passes through the same dispersive grating twice. The full image of the scene can be obtained with a snapshot. Therefore, the stripe noise and image distortion caused by image mosaicking can be eliminated.Besides, the target is easier to be captured and focused, just like using a camera. This method can be used to obtain clearer spectral images of the scene conveniently and quickly.     

Precision spectral sculpting for narrow-band amplification of broadband frequency-modulated pulses

Amplification of broadband frequency-modulated (FM) pulses in high-efficiency materials such as ytterbium-doped strontium fluorapatite results in significant gain narrowing, leading to reduced on-target bandwidths for beam smoothing and to conversion from frequency modulation to amplitude modulation (AM). To compensate for these effects, we have applied precision spectral sculpting, requiring both amplitude and phase shaping, to the amplification of broadband FM pulses in narrow-band gain media. We have demonstrated sculpting for centerline small-signal gains of 10(4), producing amplified pulses that have both sufficient bandwidths for on-target beam smoothing and temporal profiles that have no potentially damaging AM.     

Intracavity atomic beam laser spectrometer for low intensity spectral lines

A laser spectrometer with an intracavity atomic beam having a spectral resolution of about 3 MHz was developed and applied to atomic resonance fluorescence spectroscopy of the very weak Ca intercombination line λ=6573 Å.     

光纤光谱仪绝对光谱辐射定标新技术

在700 nm～900 nm波段范围内,用1 000℃黑体标定光纤光谱仪(200 nm～1 100 nm),获得其在该波段范围内的绝对光谱响应函数.通过测量光纤光谱仪对不同色温下卤钨灯的光谱响应,将700 nm～900 nm波段的响应函数推延至400 nm～700 nm波段范围,最终得到400 nm～900 nm波段内的绝对光谱响应函数.光纤光谱仪对不同色温下卤钨灯的5次测量结果表明:在550 nm～900 nm范围内,所获得的绝对光谱响应合成不确定度小于3.53%.     

大视场声光可调谐滤波器成像光谱仪光学设计

为了在15视场角范围内获得工作谱段范围在400 nm~ 900 nm声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)成像光谱仪系统的二维空间信息以及一维光谱信息,设计了一种应用于AOTF 成像光谱仪的光学系统。介绍AOTF的工作原理,根据AOTF 成像光谱仪总体方案,对前置系统及后置成像系统进行了设计。设计中前置系统采用倒置的伽利略望远镜结构,后置成像系统采用改进的库克三片式结构。最终完成了一个焦距为19.311 mm,F数为12.3,在34 lp/ mm 的空间频率下各视场调制传递函数( MTF) 均值大于0.5的光学系统。