氯甲酸2-(9-咔唑)乙基酯柱前衍生化HPLC法用于环境水中脂肪胺测定

利用一种新型的衍生化试剂氯甲酸2-(9-咔唑)乙基酯柱前衍生10种脂肪胺,建立了脂肪胺类化合物的梯度洗脱高效液相色谱分离分析方法,在紫外254nm条件下检测,线性检测范围为50-500μmol／L,检出(S／N=3)为9．5—25μmol／L;对海水及河水中脂肪胺的试验结果表明,建立的方法快速、灵敏度高,可以满足环境检测等方面的需要。     

磁固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定环境水中的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯

建立了磁固相萃取结合气相色谱/质谱联用测定环境水中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)的方法。萃取的最佳条件为:在100 mL水样中加入20 mg磁性Fe3O4@SiO2-C18微球,振摇萃取10 min后,用2.0 mL二氯甲烷解析5 min。在优化条件下,DBP和DEHP的检出限分别为0.1μg/L和0.3μg/L(S/N=3),线性范围为1.0~100μg/L,线性相关系数分别为0.9992和0.9990。方法应用于河水、湖水和井水样的分析,DBP的加标回收率为83.2%~103%,相对标准偏差小于6.8%,DEHP的加标回收率为82.2%~107%,相对标准偏差小于7.9%。     

毛细管色谱-质谱法测定环境大气中挥发性有机污染物

毛细管色谱-质谱法测定了环境大气中挥发性污染物。用液氧冷冻法和常温吸附法(TenaxGC)分别采集大气样品,然后用两种系统进行浓缩,并进入毛细管色谱-质谱体系,完成了有机污染物的定性定量分析。解决了一些色谱-质谱联用中的问题。并且还讨论了无分流进样问题,比较了两种采样方法。用此方法测定了某炼油厂环境大气中的污染物。     

用毛细管GC／MS和GC／FTIR研究挥发油的化学成分

本文用毛细管GC/MS和GC/FTIR对异叶青兰和鼠曲草两种植物挥发油的化学成分进行了研究,讨论了两种方法分析挥发油化学成分的优点和局限性。     

Multilevel profiling and identification of Dalbergia odorifera and Dalbergia stevensonii by FTIR,NMR and GC/MS

Chemical differences of the extractives revealed by FTIR methods can be further confirmed by ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR. Meanwhile, the volatile compounds in the extractives can be identified by GC/MS     

Scan-to-scan nonreproducibility in GC/FTIR: An evaluation of several chromatogram calculation algorithms

A new second difference (SD) algorithm for calculating wavelength-selective GC/FTIR chromatograms is presented and compared with the Gram-Schmidt (GS), integrated absorbance (IA) and maximum absorbance (MA) algorithms. For an instrument with good scan-to-scan reproducibility, the sensitivity of the four algorithms generally decreases in the order GS>SD>MA>IA. The new algorithm is less affected by instrumental instability, so that in severe cases the sensitivity order becomes SD>GS>MA>IA.     

A GC/MS Method of Determining Airborne DI-n-Butyl- and DL(2-Ethyl Hexyl) Phthalates

An analytical technique is presented that determines the amount of airborne phthalates in a glass fiber filter. The methodology makes use of a GC/MS system that has been integrated with a dedicated mini-computer.     

芳香烃异构体的毛细管柱气相色谱－傅里叶变换红外光谱联用技术分析

采用国产色谱仪与进口红外光谱仪及接口组成的气相色谱－傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ）分析仪，使用大口径毛细管柱，分析了乙苯与苯乙烯固相催化反应液的复杂芳香烃异构体组成，讨论了ＧＣ／ＦＴＩＲ分析中随机噪声和基线漂移的去除方法。采用等高线图（ＣＴＤ）分析技术得到了混合液中各组分的纯气相红外光谱图，最后鉴定了１４个气相色谱峰中的９个，占整个色谱峰面积９９％以上。     

GC/FTIR Potential for Structural Analysis of Marine Origin Complex Mixtures

Abstract

In this paper, we show the GC/FTIR contribution to the structural elucidation of marine origin complex mixtures. Three examples are given concerning aromatic hydrocarbons, fatty acid methyl esters and polychlorobiphenyls. These examples show the capability of GC/FTIR to differentiate isomers of aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorobiphenyls and to rapidly characterize the different classes of fatty acid methyl esters (ramification, insaturation, cis/trans isomerism, hydroxyl group, cyclopropane ring).     

生活饮用水中挥发性有害有机污染物分析及其安全性评价

生活饮用水安全性是与人们身体健康休戚相关的问题,除了微生物和重金属外,饮用水中有害有机污染物的存在情况也日益受到人们的关注。从1974年发现氯消毒会产生具有致突变和致癌症的三氯甲烷以来,国际饮用水界研究消毒副产物的工作就没有停止过。大量流行病学研究证明长期饮用氯消毒的水会增加人们得癌症的危险。为此,世界各国和地区都制定了生活饮用水水质标准及规范,以保证人们生活饮用水的安全性。美国《国家饮用水基本规则》对92种污染物做出了硬性规定,世界卫生组织(WHO)则有133项,其中有机物占89项,欧共体有61项,我国卫生部2001年颁布的生活饮用水卫生规范有96项,其中常规检验指标有34项,增加了一些消毒副产物的规定,虽然大部分为非常规项目,但有了相关限定值。本文对有代表性的几种生活饮用水中挥发性有机物进行了分析测定。     

鱼体中有机毒物的气相色谱分析

在对第二松花江水中有机污染物进行深入探查(用GC-MS,GC-ECD,GC-FID配合方法)的基础上,为调查所探出有机毒物在该江鱼体中的残留量,建立了本法。实验表明,方法回收率平均超过80%,检测限分别为0.0001～0.015μg/g(ECD)和0.0092～0.14μg/g(FID)。本法测定“二松江”鱼,检出多种江水中存在的有机污染物。     

Optimisation of a Gas Stripping Concentration Technique for Trace Organic Water Pollutants

Abstract

The application of gas stripping for the concentration prior to analysis of organic water pollutants at the parts per million and parts per billion level has been studied. Solutes are stripped from solution by a stream of inert gas and subsequently adsorbed onto active carbon from which surface they are taken up in a solvent for analysis.

The method is shown to be applicable to the analysis of a wide range of compounds including pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. The effect of gas flowrate, the time of stripping, adsorbent particle size, and desorbing solvent on the percentage recovery of a range of organic compounds has been measured.

Problems of contamination of aqueous solutions by absorption of atmospheric vapours prior to analysis are considered, and the analysis of a typical water sample is demonstrated.