磁脉冲压缩系统的仿真研究

 分析了传统磁脉冲压缩系统的原理及缺点,对基于省去磁芯复位电路的磁脉冲压缩系统进行了介绍,为了更加深入地分析这种磁脉冲压缩系统,应用Pspice仿真分析软件建立了省去磁芯复位电路的磁脉冲压缩系统模型,计算出各级压缩过程中各元件的电压波形,及饱和变压器和磁开关的磁芯感应强度变化曲线;经测试,当负载为500 Ω纯阻性负载时,系统两端输出的负极性脉冲峰值约-27 kV,半高宽约为70 ns,下降沿约为40 ns。通过分析仿真结果与实验结果,仿真中需考虑测量探头引入的并联电容对电路的影响。     

单级磁脉冲压缩系统实验研究

 基于没有附加磁芯复位电路的磁脉冲压缩网络,设计研制了单级磁脉冲压缩系统;介绍了系统电路的工作情况,通过计算给出了系统关键元件的参数;应用Pspice仿真分析软件对系统电路进行仿真,仿真结果显示,负载为500 W时,饱和变压器和磁开关的磁芯所需饱和时间分别为6 ms和500 ns。实验结果表明:系统接200 W负载时,输出脉冲幅值约18.5 kV,下降时间约40 ns,脉冲宽度约70 ns,最高重复频率可达500 Hz;引入高压快速恢复二极管替代续流电感,不仅有效抑制了负载预脉冲,而且输出脉冲尾部的振荡幅值与持续时间都显著减小。     

两种基于交叉相位调制的光脉冲压缩方案

基于交叉相位调制的时间透镜可实现精确的二次相位调制, 但是它在光脉冲压缩领域的应用受到了抽运光脉冲的峰值功率过高的限制. 对该峰值功率的表达式进行了推导, 提出使用带有正色散的传输介质来实现输出段色散, 从而降低了抽运光脉冲的峰值功率.并进一步指出, 可以将基于交叉相位调制的时间透镜应用于4f系统, 来实现光脉冲压缩, 从而更有效地降低了抽运光脉冲的峰值功率. 推导了该系统的抽运光脉冲的峰值功率和分辨率的表达式, 并进行了光脉冲压缩的仿真分析.研究结果表明, 在基于交叉相位调制的4f系统中, 可以利用峰值功率较低的抽运光脉冲产生飞秒量级超短光脉冲; 随着压缩系数的提高, 输出光脉冲的脉冲宽度主要受到4f系统分辨率的限制, 并对4f系统分辨率的提高进行了讨论.     

深水多波束测深系统脉冲压缩实时算法

线性调频信号是大时宽带宽积信号,通过脉冲压缩可提高探测距离和分辨率,已在深水多波束测深系统中得到广泛应用。针对深水多波束测深系统中脉冲压缩运算量大的问题,提出了一种基于分组的脉冲压缩实时算法。该算法对需要进行脉冲压缩的波束进行分组,每个节拍只计算一组波束,可大幅减少深水多波束测深系统脉冲压缩的运算时间,节省了处理器资源。该算法已成功应用于某深水多波束测深系统,经多次海试证明,工作稳定可靠。     

200 Hz高重复频率SBS脉宽压缩实验研究

受激布里渊散射(SBS)脉宽压缩是实现高峰值功率、短脉冲激光输出的重要途径之一,然而,目前SBS脉宽压缩仅限于1~10 Hz低重复频率激光器,限制了高重频短脉冲激光器在激光雷达、空间碎片探测以及目标成像等领域的应用。基于此,开展了高重复频率下的SBS脉宽压缩实验研究。设计搭建了高重复频率的主振荡放大激光器,开展了SBS二次级联脉宽压缩和SBS振荡放大双池脉宽压缩实验。通过SBS二次级联压缩实现了脉冲宽度从~32 ns压缩到~1.9 ns,脉宽压缩比达16倍;而通过SBS振荡放大双池结构实现了脉冲宽度从~4 ns压缩到376 ps,脉宽压缩比达10倍。实验结果表明,采用该超净封闭型SBS相位共轭镜,在Stokes光输出能量达50 m J时,无光学击穿现象,实现了在200 Hz高重复频率下的SBS脉宽压缩。     

超声阵列的多频脉冲压缩方法研究

脉冲压缩方法通过采用编码信号激励与脉冲压缩接收来提高超声检测的时间分辨率和信噪比。然而,受换能器带宽的限制,编码信号的时间带宽积往往有限,影响脉冲压缩效果。开展了基于超声阵列的多频脉冲压缩方法研究,超声阵列是由具有不同中心频率和带宽的多个阵元组成,从而使得整个阵列具有比单个换能器更宽的带宽。提出了压缩后叠加取包络的脉冲压缩方法,并研究了这种方法在提高时间分辨率和主副瓣比上的技术方案,对多频脉冲压缩的超声阵列进行了设计与优化,发现多频脉冲压缩方法能很大程度地提高时间分辨率,并能有效地抑制各阵元信号叠加产生的周期副瓣。理论和实验结果表明,这种压缩后叠加取包络的方法得到的时间分辨率在性能上受阵元带内不平整度的影响很小,能使阵元压缩包络中的主副瓣比得到明显改善。      

基于圆柱谐振腔的高功率微波脉冲压缩系统

提出了一种新型的基于圆柱谐振腔的高功率级波脉冲压缩系统,介绍了该系统的结构形式,给出了部分关键器件的数值模拟结果,对系统的功率容量及品质因数进行了初步分析.对于高功率微波(HPM)脉冲压缩系统来说,系统的功率容量与最终获取的HPM功率大小密切相关,谐振腔的固有品质因数与系统效率密不可分,工程实践表明,相对于基于矩形谐振腔的脉冲压缩系统,本文设计的基于圆柱谐振腔的脉冲压缩系统功率容量可提高一个量级,谐振腔的固有品质因数可提高5倍以上. 关键词： 高功率微波 脉冲压缩 谐振腔 功率容量     

脉冲压缩光栅的激光损伤机理及阈值提升技术研究进展

总结了激光辐射条件下脉冲压缩光栅的激光诱导损伤机理,探究了表面形貌、加工方式、结构缺陷以及表面污染等因素对光栅损伤造成的影响,从微观损伤机理的角度阐释了产生损伤的内在原因。在脉冲压缩光栅的激光预处理、加工工艺及表面污染物的去除等方面,分析了实现光栅损伤阈值提升的内在因素,给出了提升光栅损伤阈值的技术措施。根据影响光栅损伤阈值的因素,提出在光栅运行过程中采用多种措施组合的方式来提升光栅的激光诱导损伤阈值。脉冲压缩光栅激光损伤机理和阈值的研究对脉冲压缩光栅系统的稳定运行具有实践意义,为激光装置高能量密度的输出奠定基础。最后,提出了光栅激光诱导损伤研究的科学与技术问题,为脉冲压缩光栅激光诱导损伤阈值的提升提供新的思路,服务于重大科学装置和重要技术领域的发展。     

Characteristics of perfluorinated amine media for stimulated Brillouin scattering in hundreds of picoseconds pulse compression at 532 nm

The characteristics of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) in perfluorinated amine media and the experimental structure used in hundreds of picoseconds pulse compression at 532 nm are demonstrated. A two-stage SBS pulse compression structure is adopted for this work. The compact double-cell SBS compression structure and the scattering media FC-70 are chosen to compress the incident light from 9.5 to about 1 ns in the first stage. Then,the light is used as the pumping source for the second pulse compression. In the second stage, using a single-cell SBS structure in a pulse compression system, perfluorinated amine media with different phonon lifetimes, such as FC-3283, FC-40, FC-43, and FC-70, are chosen to run the comparative experimental study. The narrowest compressed pulse times obtained are 294, 274, 277, and 194 ps; they respectively correspond to the above listed media. The average width of the compressed pulse width is 320 ps for FC-3283, with a fluctuation range of87 ps. For FC-40, the average pulse width is 320 ps, with a fluctuation range of 72 ps. And for FC-43, the average pulse width is 335 ps, with a fluctuation range of 88 ps. However, the average pulse width is only 280 ps for FC-70, with a fluctuation range of 57 ps. The highest energy reflectivity is more than 80% for all of the media. The experimental results show that a two-stage SBS pulse compression system has lower pump energy requirements, thus making it easier to achieve a compressed pulse waveform. The results also show that the shorter the phonon lifetime of the medium, the narrower the obtained compressed pulse width.     

Lorentz force electrical impedance tomography using pulse compression technique

Lorentz force electrical impedance tomography(LFEIT) combines ultrasound stimulation and electromagnetic field detection with the goal of creating a high contrast and high resolution hybrid imaging modality. In this study, pulse compression working together with a linearly frequency modulated ultrasound pulse was investigated in LFEIT. Experiments were done on agar phantoms having the same level of electrical conductivity as soft biological tissues. The results showed that:(i) LFEIT using pulse compression could detect the location of the electrical conductivity variations precisely;(ii)LFEIT using pulse compression could get the same performance of detecting electrical conductivity variations as the traditional LFEIT using high voltage narrow pulse but reduce the peak stimulating power to the transducer by 25.5 dB;(iii)axial resolution of 1 mm could be obtained using modulation frequency bandwidth 2 MHz.     

全固态激励小型TEA CO_2激光器的研制

基于国产非晶态合金磁芯,研制了采用可控硅开关、脉冲升压变压器、以及两级磁脉冲压缩网络的全固态激励电路系统,并且应用于放电体积为29 cm3,工作气压为100 kPa的电晕预电离小型TEA CO2激光器。讨论了提高系统能量传输效率和减小系统体积的设计方法,并且测量了系统的工作性能以及各部分的能量损失。实验结果表明:磁脉冲压缩网络的能量传输效率大于83%,全固态激励系统的总效率大于75%;连接激光器负载时,输出脉冲的电压峰值约为22 kV,电流上升时间约为100 ns;得到了脉冲能量109 mJ,宽度70ns的激光输出,激光器整体效率约为3.3%。在目前的封离体积与气体循环方式限制下,激光器最大重复频率约为100 Hz,而激励电路部分可以达到400 Hz的工作频率。     

XeCl准分子激光能量提取研究

在高功率准分子激光系统建设中,希望能获得较短的脉冲宽度和尽量多的激光能量。实验研究了不同注入水平下,脉冲时间间隔对脉冲链放大波形和放大器提取效率的影响;基于四能级速率方程和准分子反应动力学建立了准分子激光放大模型,计算了多种注入方式下种子光的放大过程,对关键参数给出了量化描述,得到与实验相符的计算结果。研究结果显示:脉冲序列间隔为9.3ns时,可获得约95%的连续注入情形下放大能量;对该准分子激光系统来讲,9.3ns是比较合适的脉冲间隔。     

Optical fibre-grating pulse compression

Numerical simulation is used to consider non-linear pulse propagation in fibres and subsequent pulse compression in a dispersive delay line. It is shown that for small initial pulse powers the conventional non-linear Schrödinger equation (NSE) is quite accurate to describe the process of pulse propagation in fibres. In this case initially symmetrical pulses undergo squaring and spectral broadening in fibres, and frequency chirp is linearized over most of the pulse, while shapes of the pulse, spectrum and frequency chirp remain symmetrical at the output of the fibre. There is a certain optimum fibre lengthZ _opt which is determined by the initial pulse parameters and fibre characteristics for pulse compression in the dispersive delay line. When the fibre lengthZ>Z _opt the optical wave breaking effect distorts the linearity of the frequency chirp and thus deteriorates the quality of the compressed pulse. The region of NSE approximation accuracy is determined. It is demonstrated that at increase of the initial pulse power (initial pulse width makes no difference) the NSE approximation becomes inaccurate. So the pulse dynamics in the fibre were described by the modified NSE derived in the higher-order approximation of the method of slowly varying amplitudes from Maxwell's equations. In this case the shock wave appears at the trailing edge of the pulse, which accelerates the wave breaking process. This results in a decrease of the optimum fibre length and deterioration of compressed pulse parameters, compared with the NSE case. Spectral windowing of the extreme Stokes components of the pulse spectrum permits significant improvement in the quality of the compressed pulse. The main features of the compression of pulses with asymmetrical initial shape are also considered.     

大型短脉冲激光装置中脉冲前沿畸变效应的研究

阐述了短脉冲激光装置中脉冲前沿畸变效应的产生机理和可能的畸变源.利用Fourier光学方法,建立了一个基于单程压缩构型的研究脉冲前沿畸变效应的理论模型,分析不同种脉冲前沿畸变效应对于压缩器输出脉冲的近场时空特性的影响.基于此,对一个在建的大口径（300 mm）短脉冲装置中的各种畸变源（包括可编程声光光谱色散滤波器、透镜色差以及劈板等元件）进行了数值计算.研究表明：近场输出脉冲宽度显著加宽,输出脉冲前沿形状不同于输入时的畸变形状,只有中心部分区域的脉冲前沿形状与输入类似,该区域的大小由系统带宽决定. 关键词： 脉冲前沿畸变 角色散 单程压缩 透镜     

双级受激布里渊散射压缩获得高质量窄脉冲波形

针对受激布里渊散射(SBS)脉冲压缩系统中经常出现的波形调制现象,提出一种抑制调制、改善窄脉冲波形质量的新方法——双级SBS脉冲压缩结构。此方法以"两次压缩,子峰能量主峰提取"为控制手段,能够解决输出脉冲的多峰调制问题,有望成为获得高压缩比、高质量窄脉冲的一种新途径。提出并建立双级SBS脉冲压缩系统物理模型和数值计算模型,并利用典型SBS介质CCl4和FC-72开展了实验研究,获得无调制单峰结构的压缩脉冲,并与理论模拟结果符合较好。     

An ultrasonic pulse compression system for non-destructive testing using maximal-length sequences

An ultrasonic pulse compression system is described. The system, which employs maximal-length sequences and possesses theoretically zero sidelobes, has been simply implemented using digital techniques. Experimental results from the working system demonstrate the capabilities of the system and confirm the feasibility of the approach. Because of its increased signal-to-noise ratio it can be advantageously applied to testing situations where highly absorbent media are encountered.     

The effects of medium phonon lifetime on pulse compression ratio in the process of stimulated Brillouin scattering

The performances of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) media with short phonon lifetimes on temporal compression are studied in this paper. In the experiment, FC-72, HT-135 and FC-40 (phonon lifetimes are 1.2 ns, 0.4 ns and 0.2 ns, respectively) are used to study the influence of phonon lifetime on pulse compression in a compact two-cell SBS system. High pulse compression ratio is obtained by a medium with a short phonon lifetime when input energy is high. These results are useful in the generation of picoseconds pulse for Shock Ignition of thermonuclear fuel for ICF.     

Intense femtosecond pulse shaping using a fused-silica spatial light modulator

We present the design concept of a setup of a pulse shaper to be used for high-power femtosecond lasers. The pulse shaper is constructed from a high-damage threshold fused-silica spatial light modulator and a 4-f optical system based on the design concept to avoid optical damage. We have successfully demonstrated a pulse compression of 20 fs, 5 mJ pulses obtained from a 1 kHz repetition rate Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplification system at an average power of 5 W.     

Few-cycle pulse compression through cascade of bulk media and hollow-core fiber

We experimentally demonstrated a new few-cycle pulse compression technique through the cascade of bulk media and hollow-core fiber (HCF) and this compression system has been intensively studied. The pulses with the duration of ∼5 fs and the energy of 0.33 mJ near 800 nm have been generated by compressing the ∼40 fs input pulse from a commercial laser system. In principle, this technique allows compression of pulses with duration of picoseconds to a few cycles (sub-7 fs) and the output can be above 1 mJ.     

焦耳级放电激励紫外预电离HF激光器

研制了一台采用紫外火花预电离和横向放电结构的非链式电激励脉冲HF激光装置,采用氢闸流管结合一级磁脉冲压缩开关的高功率电激励系统。实验研究了激光工作介质SF6,H2不同压强比和总工作气压对激光输出能量的影响,得出了最佳气体组分,确定了最佳工作气压。总气压在8.8 kPa,气体组分H2与SF6气压比为1:9时,获得最佳的激光输出,输出能量达到1.3 J,激光器的光电转换效率达到2.4%。: