扭矩转化器（T／C）内部叶片流道流场的二维PIV实验研究

本文利用二维ＰＩＶ技术研究了汽车无级调连装置中扭矩转化器内部叶片流道流场的复杂流动,实验结果表明泵和透平在不同转速下,静子叶片流道中的流场体现出不同的流动特征,文中还对实验误差进行了分析,提出了减少误差的措施,通过叶栅流动理论分析说明了本文结果的可靠性。     

无单元法（EFGM）——在岩土工程上有限元法的有力补充

作为一种新的岩土工程数值计算方法，无网格伽辽金法具有局部化技术的无单元特性。该法与传统FEM相比，在精度和后处理等方面有着明显的计算优势。本文全面介绍了EFGM，并结合岩土工程领域中的土体固结变形问题，推导了EFGM的一维、二维固结问题的离散方程；同时对算例进行计算，将其结果与精确解和传统FEM解进行比较后，得出结论：精度是较高的，处理边界是准确的。尤其当与FEM联合使用时，既能发挥FEM的经验优质，又能体现EFGM的无网格特点，计算效果十分显著，因此，EFGM是FEM的有力补充。     

用BGK格式计算不可压缩流场

简要介绍BGK方法的基本思想,数值方法及其对不可压缩流场数值计算的推广。然后详细介绍将BGK方法应用于平面方框流的结果,将其结果与Ghia的结果进行了详细的比较。本方法还用来模拟后台阶流动,所得结果与相应的实验数据进行比较。以上比较表明本方法的有效性,同时也确定在计算不可压缩流体时参数的正确选择。     

张量方程在三维粘性绕流计算中的应用

本文采用张量形式的粘性激波层方程,用空间推进的数值方法计算了球锥、椭球锥有攻角高超音速绕流问题,并计算了组合椭球锥的粘性绕流,从而说明了本文的方法可推广应用于一般外型飞行器的小攻角绕流计算问题。文中考虑了在高超音速流动条件下空气的非平衡化学反应,认为化学反应的速率是有限的     

Accurate 3D viscous incompressible flow calculations with the FEM

A second-order-accurate (in both time and space) formulation is developed and implemented for solution of the three-dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations involving high-Reynolds-number flows past complex configurations. For stabilization, only a fourth-order-accurate artificial dissipation term in the momentum equations is used. The finite element method (FEM) with an explicit time-marching scheme based on two-fractional-step integration is used for solution of the momentum equations. The element-by-element (EBE) technique is employed for solution of the auxiliary potential function equation in order to ease the memory requirements for matrix. The cubic cavity problem, the laminar flow past a sphere at various Reynolds numbers and the flow around the fuselage of a helicopter are successfully solved. Comparison of the results with the low-order solutions indicates that the flow details are depicted clearly even with coarse grids. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

岩质圆形隧洞围岩应力场弹塑性新解

针对动态接触问题的有限元并行计算，提出了一种新的接触算法. 新算法引入局部拉氏 乘子技术来计算接触力. 由于同时考虑了无穿透的接触约束条件和相邻接触对的相互影响， 较之广泛使用的罚参数法，新算法使接触约束条件和系统平衡方程得到更充分的满足. 虽然 为提高接触计算精度而在局部采用了迭代技术，但算法仍然具有较高的效率，且与显式时间 积分方案完全相容. 此外，通过构造专门的区域分解方案，实现了将现有为串行程序开发的 搜索算法平滑移植到并行环境的目标. 数值算例表明，所提出的接触算法具有很好的并行性， 在保证了接触问题并行计算精度的同时，取得了满意的并行效率.     

二维翼型亚临界定常流动的有限元计算

本文使用了曲四边形Ｈｅｒｍｉｔｅ等参元，通过变分有限元法，计算了二维翼型亚临界定常位势流动中的压力分布，数值计算结果与试验结果符合较好。文中还使用了有限元法中的局部线性化理论，插值出元素中心点密度去处理迭代过程中元素系数阵的计算，其结果与通常的有限元法计算相一致，但计算时间却大大减少了。     

在波形斜坡上的自由粘性流动的算法

利用非定常变换将流体流动的复杂区域变到一个固定的矩形计算区域，然后用高效的数值方法对此强非线性问题进行积分．由于变换本身是随自由面变化而变化，刻画这一变换的参数将作为未知量与其它待求流动参数在积分过程中同时求得．本方法对流动问题不作任何限制，可以计算非常复杂的自由粘性流动问题．     

弯曲渠道中的振荡流和二次流

本文以弯道理想不可压缩流动的流线和等势线为曲线坐标系给出了弯道内不可压缩粘性振荡流动的一阶解以及边界层流型下的二阶解,以直角弯道为例对弯道內的粘性振荡流动以及二次流的影响进行了讨论。     

A PRESSURE-CORRECTION METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS FLOWS ON UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS

An unstructured grid, finite volume method is presented for the solution of two-dimensional viscous, incompressible flow. The method is based on the pressure-correction concept implemented on a semi-staggered grid. The computational procedure can handle cells of arbitrary shape, although solutions presented herein have been obtained only with meshes of triangular and quadrilateral cells. The discretization of the momentum equations is effected on dual cells surrounding the vertices of primary cells, while the pressure-correction equation applies to the primary-cell centroids and represents the conservation of mass across the primary cells. A special interpolation scheme s used to suppress pressure and velocity oscillations in cases where the semi-staggered arrangement does not ensure a sufficiently strong coupling between pressure and velocity to avoid such oscillations. Computational results presented for several viscous flows are shown to be in good agreement with analytical and experimental data reported in the open literature.     

粘性流体动力学有限元变分原理

本文把建立有限元变分原理的一种新方法“N>2直接方法”从固体力学推广到流体力学,并用该方法把粘性流体动力学的广义功率消耗原理和广义变分原理发展成为有限元变分原理。还在论证中发现,相邻有限元交界面上的应力协调条件会自然地满足而无需引进任何拉民乘子。本文还建立了混合杂交非协调元的变分原理和广义变分原理,它解除了全部协调性约束条件和其它的边界性约束条件,但是并不增加待定的拉氏乘子,因此使有限元计算得到简化。本文结果可以作为粘性流体动力学有限元计算的基础定理。     

UNIFIED COMPUTATION OF FLOW WITH COMPRESSIBLE AND INCOMPRESSIBLE FLUID BASED ON ROE''''S SCHEME

A unified numerical scheme for the solutions of the compressible and incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is investigated based on a time-derivative preconditioning algorithm. The primitive variables are pressure, velocities and temperature. The time integration scheme is used in conjunction with a finite volume discretization. The preconditioning is coupled with a high order implicit upwind scheme based on the definition of a Roe's type matrix. Computational capabilities are demonstrated through computations of high Mach number, middle Mach number, very low Mach number, and incompressible flow. It has also been demonstrated that the discontinuous surface in flow field can be captured for the implementation Roe's scheme.