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超声雾化反应法制备CeO2纳米粉体 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以硝酸铈和碳酸氢铵为原料,采用超声雾化反应法制备了纳米CeO2粉. 用红外光谱(IR)、 X射线衍射分析(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)技术,对制得的纳米CeO2纳米粒子的物相结构、形貌特征、成分等进行了表征. 结果表明,双液超声雾化法能制备出颗粒分散性好,粒度分布均匀的纳米CeO2粒子,所得CeO2粒子为萤石型结构,粒径约为3~5 nm左右. 初步探讨了用超声雾化反应法制备纳米粉的机制,认为CeO2纳米粒子的成核和长大受到液滴大小的限制,是一个液相的微区反应过程,正是液滴的微小体积保证了更小纳米粒子的形成. 相似文献
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以氯金酸为前驱体,十二烷基硫醇和硼氢化钠分别作为稳定剂和还原剂,采用相转移法制备了单分散的金纳米粒子.将金纳米粒子通过乳液聚合的方法制备了纳米金/聚苯乙烯复合粒子.通过紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)研究了纳米金和纳米金/聚苯乙烯复合粒子的光吸收特性,使用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和动态光散射(DLS)对产物的组成、晶体结构、形貌、以及粒径进行了表征.结果表明,复合粒子为粒径分布较窄的球形,其中的金纳米粒子为面心立方结构.热失重分析(TGA)说明制备的纳米金/聚苯乙烯复合粒子具有很好的热稳定性. 相似文献
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以合成的丙氨酸镉为纳米粒子的前驱体,在不加酸或碱性催化剂的条件下,利用丙氨酸镉分子中的胺基催化硅氧烷水解缩合生成二氧化硅,同时将丙氨酸镉均匀地引入到二氧化硅的内部,通过硫化原位生成硫化镉纳米颗粒,制得硫化镉/二氧化硅(CdS/SiO2)纳米复合材料.用傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、紫外-可见光谱、荧光显微镜和透射电子显微镜等方法对CdS/SiO2复合材料进行表征,结果表明,硫化镉粒子均匀分布在二氧化硅内部,使其具有良好的荧光特性. 相似文献
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Fe3O4纳米晶的粒径控制合成、表征及其吸波性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用十二烷基磺酸钠和聚乙二醇作为保护剂, 成功地制备出Fe3O4纳米晶. 通过改变实验条件, 可在10~200 nm范围内有效调控Fe3O4纳米晶的粒径. 采用X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜等对样品的微观结构、粒径和形貌进行了分析. 结果表明, 所得尖晶石型Fe3O4纳米晶粒径均匀, 形貌均为球形. 利用振动样品磁场计测量了不同粒径样品的磁性能. 结果显示, 粒径小时, 随着粒径的增加, Fe3O4的饱和磁化强度Ms逐渐增加, 但当粒径增加到80 nm时, Ms达到最大值; 随着粒径的减小, 矫顽力也随之减小. 利用矢量网络分析仪对不同粒径样品的电磁性能和吸波性能进行了研究, 结果表明, 当Fe3O4纳米晶的粒径小于100 nm时, 吸波性能良好, 其中, 粒径为20 nm的样品吸收峰的峰值在8 GHz附近达到了-32 dB. 相似文献
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采用共沉淀法制备了复合转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)的磺化壳聚糖/聚赖氨酸纳米粒子(SCS/PLL/TGF-β1),研究了磺化壳聚糖的浓度对纳米粒子粒径和表面电位的影响.所得纳米微粒的粒径在240~290nm、表面电位在-0.4~-1.3 mV之间可调.采用透射电子显微镜表征了磺化壳聚糖/聚赖氨酸(SCS/PLL)和SCS/PLL/TGF-β1纳米粒子的形貌.通过体外骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)培养实验,分别考察了SCS/PLL/TGF-β1纳米粒子对BMSCs的增殖、氨基葡聚糖(GAGs)分泌和Ⅱ型胶原基因表达的影响.结果显示,相对于等量的SCS/PLL或同浓度的自由TGF-β1,SCS/PLL/TGF-β1纳米粒子可有效保护TGF-β1的活性,促进BMSCs向软骨细胞分化,可望应用于软骨修复材料等领域的研究. 相似文献
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离子交换膜中CdS单分散纳米晶的合成及其光学性质 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以硫代乙酰胺(TAA)为前驱体, 采用液相反应在全氟磺酸离子交换膜(Nafion)中自组装得到了均匀分布、单分散的纳米CdS晶体;与文献报道的前驱体如Na2S和H2S不同, TAA可以在全氟磺酸离子膜中均匀扩散, 最终在Nafion薄膜中得到均匀分布的纳米CdS晶体. 利用高分辨电子显微镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和能量散射X射线分析(EDXA)研究了Nafion薄膜模板中CdS纳米晶体的形成机理、晶粒大小和分布;采用紫外- 可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析了Nafion薄膜中单分散纳米CdS晶体的光学性质. 结果表明, 随CdS纳米晶体尺寸的减小, 量子尺寸效应明显增强;在紫外吸收谱中表现为吸收边明显蓝移, 而在光致发光谱中, 表现为带边发射的蓝移. 相似文献
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ZHOUQun ZHAOHong LIXiao-wei ZHENGJun-wei 《高等学校化学研究》2004,20(2):138-141
CAS nanoparticles were assembled on the smooth surface of a piece of silver by using 1,4-benzenedithiol as coupling molecules. The SEM and resonance Raman spectroscopic characterizations demonstrate that the nanosized structure of CdS was still preserved upon assembly, and a two-dimensional structure of CdS nanoparticles was formed on the substrate surface. The FT-Raman spectra indicate that 1,4-benzenedithiol was coupled between CAS nanoparticles and the silver surface with a tilted orientation. The Raman scattering of 1,4-benzenedithiol was substantially enhanced by the assembled CdS nanoparticles, probably due to the alteration of the polarizability of 1,4-benzenedithiol and the electromagnetic interaction between the dipoles of the CdS particle with its image in the metal substrate. 相似文献
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采用阴极恒电位沉积方法, 在TiO2表面沉积制备出CdS纳米粒子. XRD和SEM测试结果表明, CdS粒子的结构以六方晶相为主, 粒径分布均匀, 表面形貌呈菜花状. 通过调节沉积电位和沉积时间等因素在一定程度上可以控制CdS纳米粒子的生长. 随着沉积电位变负, CdS粒子的粒径逐渐减小. 沉积时间越短, 粒子粒径越小. 紫外-可见吸收光谱测试结果表明, 不同条件下制备出来的CdS粒子表现出一定的量子尺寸效应. 此外, 沉积条件也会影响ITO/TiO2/CdS复合半导体薄膜的光电性能. 相似文献
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Qianqian Shen Jinbo Xue Xuguang Liu Husheng Jia Xuefeng Yang Bingshe Xu 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2017,21(1):19-26
The homodispersed CdS nanoparticles were prepared on Sn-doped indium oxide substrates (ITO) to form smooth and uniform CdS thin films by electrodeposition method from a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution containing cadmium chloride and sulfur. The structure and morphologies of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The results indicate that DMSO played an important role in formation of CdS nanofilms by affecting the nucleation and growth of the CdS nanoparticles. So, a DMSO-assisted growth process was proposed as a plausible mechanism for the formation of smooth and uniform CdS nanofilms. According to the photoelectrochemical test, the CdS thin film prepared in 30 % DMSO + 70 % H2O system exhibited maximum photocurrent and open circuit potentials. This is because the deposited CdS nanoparticles had better dispersity on ITO, which facilitated the propagation and kinetic separation of photogenerated charges. 相似文献
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Orange-red luminescence from Cu doped CdS nanophosphor prepared using mixed Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cu doped CdS nanophosphors were fabricated through Langmuir-Blodgett route for the first time. Precursors mixed Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of cadmium arachidate-copper arachidate were used to grow doped sulfide nanoparticles within the organic matrix through postdeposition treatment with H(2)S gas. Changes in composition and layered structure of precursor multilayers were studied using Fourier transform infrared and x-ray reflection. Uptake of Cu in the multilayers was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy measurements. Unannealed H(2)S exposed multilayers containing CdS nanoparticles show strong surface state emission centered at approximately 570 nm, whereas Cu doped CdS nanoparticles show orange-red luminescence. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of annealed-Cu doped CdS nanoparticles show distinct Cu-related emission compared to annealed-undoped CdS nanoparticles. Power dependent PL measurements of annealed samples show that an efficient carrier recombination takes place at T(2) level of Cu(++). The carrier relaxation from the excitonic states to T(2) level results in the strong orange-red luminescence. 相似文献
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Wang S Liu P Wang X Fu X 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2005,21(25):11969-11973
Stable crystalline CdS nanoparticles were synthesized in Nafion ionomer membranes by using thioacetamide (TAA) as a nonionic precursor. Unlike the ionic precursors such as Na(2)S, TAA could diffuse into the cationic-exchangeable ionomer membranes much more uniformly. This led to the formation of homogeneously distributed CdS nanoparticles in the Nafion membranes, which was confirmed by elemental mapping with energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX) analysis. Results from the characterizations on the physical properties, the chemical stability, and the photocatalytic properties of these CdS nanoparticles embedded in Nafion membranes are presented and discussed. The parallel data from the CdS nanoparticles in Nafion membranes prepared from the ionic Na(2)S precursor are also shown for comparison. 相似文献
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CdS/PAM nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized in situ via a ultrasound-assisted route under ambient condition, employing CdCl(2) and Na(2)S(2)O(3) as Cd(2+) and S(2-) ion sources and acrylamide (AM) and (NH(4))(2)S(2)O(8) as organic monomers and initiating reagents, respectively. The results from X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis and the IR spectrum of the final product showed the formation of CdS nanoparticles and the polymerization of AM monomers. SEM observations showed that the CdS/PAM nanocomposites could film on the quartz substrate and some holes in which many nanorods regularly arranged distributed on the film. The UV-vis absorption and PL spectra of CdS/PAM nanocomposites obviously differed from those of CdS nanoparticles prepared under the same conditions due to the presence of PAM. The electrochemical research showed that CdS/PAM nanocomposites had a stronger ability to promote electron transfers between Hb and the Au electrode than CdS nanoparticles prepared under the same conditions. A possible formation mechanism was also suggested based on the results of experiments. 相似文献
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电沉积法制备介孔TiO_2/CdS薄膜光电极 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用阴极恒电位沉积法,在介孔TiO2薄膜上制备了介孔TiO2/CdS薄膜光电极,用XRD,SEM,Raman,SPS和UV-Vis等多种手段对薄膜电极进行了表征.结果表明,CdS成功沉积到介孔TiO2的表面和孔道内,形成了异质结结构.通过光电流作用谱考察了该复合体薄膜电极的光电性能,结果表明,与单纯的介孔TiO2薄膜相比,其光电转换效率显著提高,这是由于CdS具有吸收可见光的特性以及CdS与介孔TiO2形成异质结从而使得光生载流子更容易分离的结果. 相似文献
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CdS nanoparticles with good crystallinity were prepared by hydrothermal method in microemulsion composed of polyoxyethylene
laurylether/water/cyclohexane/butanol. The structure and the size of the CdS nanoparticles were analyzed by TEM and XRD. The
UV-Vis optical absorption of the samples was also investigated. The results show that hydrothermal treatment is an effective
method to prepare CdS nanoparticles of hexagonal structure at lower temperature. The particles were in dimensional uniformity.
The diameter of the CdS nanoparticles decreased with the increase of the molar ratio of water to surfactant. The minimum diameter
of the CdS nanoparticles prepared in this work was about 10 nm. Obvious blue shift appeared in the UV-Vis absorption spectra.
Translated from Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2006, 22(5): (in Chinese) 相似文献
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巯萘剂表面修饰的CdS纳米微粒的合成及发光特性 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用疏萘剂(TN)作为表面修饰剂,在甲醇溶液中合成了CdS/TN纳米微粒,用TEM测得纳米微粒呈球形,其粒径约10nm,吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究表明,[S2-]/[TN]浓度比、TN和镉离子的浓度对CdS/TN纳米微粒的粒径及发光特性具有显著影响,且随着条件的改变,CdS/TN纳米微粒的发射波长红移100nm,表现出明显的量子尺寸特性.XPS显示所制得表面修饰纳米微粒的核为CdS. 相似文献