吖啶橙与肝素钠相互作用的分光光度法研究

用分光光度法研究吖啶橙与肝素钠的结合反应,吖啶橙主要以静电作用的方式与肝素钠发生相互作用。在pH 2.0的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,吖啶橙在478和492 nm处有特征吸收峰,当加入肝素钠后,492 nm处的吸光度值强度降低且在453 nm处出现了一个新的吸收峰,说明两者之间发生了较强的相互作用形成了一种新的复合物,利用摩尔比法求解两者的结合比为1∶3。在最佳条件下,吸光度值的降低与肝素钠的浓度在3.0～15.0 mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.599×105 L·mol-1·cm-1,检测限(3σ)为0.236 mg·L-1。该方法简单、快速,应用于肝素钠注射液效价的测定,结果令人满意。     

双水相体系中食用色素与蛋白质作用光谱行为研究

在聚乙二醇-2000(PEG)-硫酸铵-食用色素双水相体系中,研究了PEG相中食用色素与蛋白质复合物光谱行为。实验了溶液酸度,盐浓度,PEG用量,反应时间,反应温度,共存物质等对体系测定的影响。结果表明,在pH 8的缓冲溶液条件下,樱桃红(BS)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)复合物的最大吸收在541 nm处,比单纯樱桃红红移13 nm,复合物表观摩尔吸光系数为9.4×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,用摩尔比法求得最大结合数为40,蛋白质浓度在0～21.07 mg·L-1范围内具有线性关系。用加入不同类型表面活性剂方法,探讨了食用色素樱桃红与蛋白质之间的作用机理。     

酸性棕SR分光光度法测定血清白蛋白

在Britton-Robinson酸性缓冲溶液中,加入非离子表面活性剂阿拉伯胶,能使酸性棕SR(ASR)与血清白蛋白形成复合物,最大吸收波长为610 nm,比ASR红移165 nm。采用分光光度法研究了该结合反应的最佳条件,并据此建立了一种测定血清蛋白的新方法。λ=610 nm时,ε_BSA=6.23×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,ε_HSA=7.23×104 L·mol-1·cm-1;牛血清白蛋白(BSA)在0～91.0 mg·L-1,人血清白蛋白(HSA)在0～95.2 mg·L-1范围内服从比尔定律。检出限分别为BSA：5.72 mg·L-1,HSA：5.15 mg·L-1。对6个人血清蛋白总量平行6次测定,相对标准偏差1.8%～4.4%,回收率93.6%～109.1%,并对5只小白鼠的血清蛋白总量进行了测定。     

ARS-Al(Ⅲ)与蛋白质作用的分光光度研究

在 p H4 .0的 Britton- Robinson缓冲溶液中 ,茜素红 S(ARS) - Al( )与牛血清白蛋白 (BSA)生成红色复合物 ,吸收峰波长λmax=5 1 5 nm,比金属离子络合物本身红移 80 nm。表观摩尔吸光系数ε=2 .0 4× 1 0 5L· mol-1 · cm-1 。吸光度值在 BSA的质量浓度 2 0— 1 80 mg· L-1 范围内呈线性关系。所拟定的方法有较好的灵敏度 ,可以用于实际生物样品中蛋白质含量的测定     

溴酚蓝测定血清白蛋白质的研究

用酸性染料为探针对蛋白质的定量已应用于临床医学及生命科学的研究中,本文利用分光光度法研究溴酚蓝(BPB)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、人血清白蛋白(HSA)的反应。在pH=2.79的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液中,血清白蛋白与溴酚蓝通过分子间力形成蓝色复合物使吸光度增加。λ=605 nm时,εBSA=5.20×10~5L·(mol·cm)-1,εHSA=5.12×10~5L·(mol·cm)-1;BSA在0-78.0 mg·L-1,HSA在0-81.6 mg·L-1范围内服从比尔定律。检出限分别为BSA:2.93 mg·L-1,HSA:3.12 mg·L-1。对7个人血清蛋白总量平行6次测定,相对标准偏差1.2％-3.1％,回收率91.9％-105.6％。     

中性红分光光度法测定肝素钠的研究

在pH 3.0的Britton-Robinson(B-R)缓冲溶液中,中性红与肝素钠相互作用形成复合物而导致溶液吸收光谱发生变化,用分光光度法对光谱变化进行了研究。 中性红溶液在523 nm处有一个强的特征吸收峰,当在其溶液中加入肝素钠后,溶液发生褪色现象,吸收峰强度降低,且没有新的吸收峰出现,吸光度差值(ΔA)与肝素钠的浓度成正比。 对结合反应的条件进行了优化,在最佳条件下利用溶液吸光度值的降低与肝素钠浓度的关系建立了一种测定肝素钠浓度的新方法,测定的线性范围为0.10～15.0 mg·L-1,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=2.037×106 L·mol-1·cm-1,检测限(3σ)为0.073 mg·L-1。 将该方法应用于肝素钠注射液效价的测定,结果令人满意。 用摩尔比法对复合物的结合比进行了推算,两者形成1∶3的复合物。     

用灿烂甲酚蓝褪色分光光度法测定肝素钠的研究

在pH 3.0的Britton-Robinson (B-R)缓冲溶液中,用分光光度法研究了灿烂甲酚蓝与肝素钠的相互作用。灿烂甲酚蓝在592 nm处有一特征吸收峰,加入肝素钠后,吸收峰强度降低但没有新的吸收峰出现,表明两者能够相互结合形成复合物。在最佳条件下,利用溶液吸光度值的降低与肝素钠浓度的关系建立了测定肝素钠浓度的分光光度法,线性范围为0.6～6.0 mg·L-1,摩尔吸光系数ε=1.03×106 L·mol-1·cm-1,检测限(3σ)为0.173 mg·L-1。将该方法应用于肝素钠注射液浓度的测定,结果令人满意。     

三波长叠加分光光度法测定微量钯的研究

报道以2(3,5二氯2吡啶偶氮)5二甲氨基苯胺(简称为3,5diClPADMA)为显色剂,应用三波长叠加分光光度法测定微量钯的新方法。在002～16mol·L-1的H2SO4介质中,钯与试剂形成稳定的1∶1绿蓝色配合物,其在621和574nm有两个强弱不等的正吸收峰,在434nm处有一负吸收峰。3个峰的吸光度绝对值之和与钯浓度线性相关,钯浓度在0～12mg·L-1范围内符合比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数高达203×105L·mol-1·cm-1,比单波长法提高1倍。大量的有色金属及其它贵金属离子不干扰测定。所拟方法操作简便,灵敏度高,选择性好,用于钯精矿、合金及含钯分子筛中微量钯的直接测定,结果满意。     

叶酸与人血清白蛋白结合作用的光谱研究

在不同温度下的pH 7.4的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液体系中, 采用荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱和同步荧光光谱研究了人血清蛋白与叶酸的相互作用。研究表明,这种相互作用使人血清白蛋白发生内源荧光猝灭,属于静态猝灭机制。通过计算得到人血清蛋白与叶酸在17和37 ℃下静态猝灭的猝灭速率常数分别为7.396 6×104和7.2652×104 L·mol-1、结合常数分别为7.50×104和1.98×105 L·mol-1、结合位点数均为1。根据Förster非辐射能量转移机理,求算出给体(HSA)与受体(叶酸)间的作用距离和能量转移效率分别为1.77和0.052 65 nm,并结合热力学参数说明了叶酸分子与人血清白蛋白的作用以疏水作用为主,同时也存在静电引力。利用同步荧光光谱研究了人血清蛋白与叶酸的相互作用中HSA的构象变化,发现色氨酸残基所处环境的疏水性降低,说明叶酸分子进入了人血清白蛋白的疏水腔中。     

1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（4,6-二甲基-2-嘧啶）-三氮烯的合成及其与锌（Ⅱ）的显色反应

合成了一种新显色剂1-(4-硝基苯基)-3-(4,6-二甲基-2-嘧啶)-三氮烯(简称NPDMPMT),并研究了在非离子型表面活性剂Triton X-100存在下,于pH为11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲溶液中与锌(Ⅱ)的显色反应.结果表明.Zn与试剂NPDMPMT形成1:2的橙黄色配合物,在456nm处有一最大正吸收,在530nm处有一最大负吸收,建立以530nm为参比波长,456nm为测量波长的双峰双波长测定法,其表观摩尔吸光系数为3.16×105L·mol-1·cm-1,锌(Ⅱ)浓度在0-8.0μg/25mL范围内符合比耳定律.方法用于人发中微量锌的测定,结果令人满意.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.