速率偏频激光陀螺标定方法讨论

三轴整体式速率偏频激光陀螺由于总是绕其对称轴做等速率的正负旋转运动,通过传统的位置法和旋转法无法对用其构成的捷联式惯导系统进行标定。中讨论了速率偏频激光陀螺在系统中的精确标定方法,指出该方法需要特殊的转台设备,目前尚无法满足,因此提出了一种结合光学方法测量陀螺安装误差角。这种方法利用速率偏频转台自身的旋转角速率对陀螺刻度系数和常值漂移进行简易标定的方法,实验表明该方法可满足系统导航要求。     

速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区误差特性分析

分析了速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差特性。根据激光陀螺的闭锁方程,分别从数值模拟和理论分析两种途径对速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区误差特性进行了研究。结果一致表明:速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差与锁区大小成正比,与过锁区的加速度的平方根成反比,与刻度因子的平方根成反比。文中具体给出了速率偏频激光陀螺过锁区的误差方程。过锁区误差为速率偏频激光陀螺的主要误差源。     

速率偏频技术提高激光陀螺精度的理论研究

以分析激光陀螺主要误差源出发点,从理论上研究了速率偏频技术的作用,指出它可有效地降低激光陀螺锁区引入的随机游走误差,部分地补偿激光陀螺谐振腔中的光束位移引起的不可控激光陀螺的零偏误差,并可解决拦动激光陀螺在系统使用中的锥形误差（Coning Error)和划桨误差（Sculling Error)。利用激光陀螺的拍频方程和拦动偏频激光陀螺的拍频近似解,得出了速率偏频激光陀螺随机游走误差与速率偏频系统参数的表达式,并指出了速率偏频技术的特点及速率偏频技术要解决的主要技术问题。     

速率偏频激光陀螺系统速度数值积分算法误差分析与优化(英文)

用时域泰勒级数展开的方法分析了速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统常用速度数值积分算法的误差。分析显示速率偏频陀螺本身的高速旋转使惯性导航系统时刻处于大角运动条件下。若其旋转轴与比力方向不平行,则常用速度算法的误差不可忽略。提出了速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统速度算法的优化改进方法。对常用速度算法和提出的算法进行了仿真比较。仿真显示,用泰勒级数展开分析速度数值积分算法误差是可行的;提出的算法能够将速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统以及其他惯性导航系统在大机动运动环境下的导航精度提高一阶。     

速率偏频激光陀螺用回转装置的设计与实现

速率偏频激光陀螺技术中陀螺台体回转加速度的大小和回转位置的精确定位问题是实现速率偏频激光陀螺的两个关键技术。本文设计并实现了用于提高速率偏频激光陀螺腔体正反转换向加速度的回转装置 ,该装置还能使其回转位置精确定位 ,实践证明 ,该回转器使陀螺腔体回转加速度提高到原来的 2 .5倍 ,达到 1 2 778(°) /s2 ;回转位置的静态定位精度达到 1 ″。而且回转器结构简单可靠 ,使用时不增加陀螺台体运转过程中控制任务的复杂性 ,并且对系统安全性有积极作用     

激光陀螺速率偏频系统初始对准方法研究

针对速率偏频激光陀螺转动的工作特性，建立了新的系统误差方程，并在静基座条件下，采用卡尔曼滤波方法实现了系统的初始对准。仿真结果表明，这种初始对准方法对准速度较快，水平对准精度比抖动偏频系统提高了一个数量级，方位对准精度也有较大提高，并且对两个水平加速度计随机常值偏置有很好的估计效果。     

速率偏频激光陀螺惯导系统航向敏感误差分析与补偿

为了有针对性的消除激光陀螺速率偏频惯导系统的可补偿寻北误差,进一步提高航向精度,从速率偏频斜装惯性仪表的数学模型出发,对陀螺和加速度计的各项误差进行了寻北误差分析,基于捷联惯导对准误差公式给出了惯性仪表各误差源的影响量级。明确了引起倾斜状态航向敏感误差的主要因素,提出了以调整激光陀螺旋转轴方向陀螺零偏抵消激光陀螺标度因数不对称性误差或者速率偏频状态陀螺零位偏移的航向敏感误差补偿措施。经转台试验验证,该措施简单可靠,有效消除了倾斜状态航向敏感误差,速率偏频系统的全方位寻北精度能够从86'(3σ)提高到优于40'(3σ)。     

空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统设计

针对空间三轴机抖激光陀螺设计了交流稳频控制系统,分析了系统原理,进行了Simulink仿真建模和试验研究。在系统原理中分析了控制过程,推导了系统函数,通过Simulink交流稳频系统仿真建模摸索了空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统中PID参数对系统响应的影响,并得到了优化参数(K_P=0.048,K_I=0.0021,K_D=0.0037),为硬件调试提供了参考。将交流稳频控制系统应用于国产某型空间三轴机抖激光陀螺进行试验,试验结果显示通过PID参数调节后的交流稳频陀螺PZT码值变化平稳,陀螺静态脉冲输出稳定,与原直流稳频控制方法相比将空间三轴机抖激光陀螺的精度提高了20%。     

惯性测量组件整体标定技术

研究了惯性测量组件中陀螺与加表的标度系数、零偏、安装耦合误差等的标定问题。建立了陀螺与加表的输入输出模型,提出了在三轴摇摆转台上利用六位置试验法对加表标度系数、零偏、耦合误差进行标定的方法;提出了在三轴摇摆转台上利用正负对称的多组速率试验法以及最小二乘法对陀螺标度系数、零偏、耦合误差进行标定的方法,以及利用六位置试验对陀螺与g有关量进行标定的方法。详细介绍了组件输出参数的测量方法并推导误差计算公式。理论分析表明,该方法可在三轴转台上通过位置与速率试验一次性标定出测量元件的相关误差,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

机抖温度特性对激光陀螺零偏稳定性的影响

机抖机构是一个工作于谐振状态的精密机电元件,当环境温度发生变化时,机抖的抖动偏频量将发生变化,这将引起角度随机游走误差的变化,并导致激光陀螺的零偏稳定性变差。本文推导了机械抖动激光陀螺的抖动速率与激光陀螺输出误差的关系表达式,提出了均方意义下的等抖动速率控制保持激光陀螺零偏稳定性的方法,并且通过实验具体研究了电磁式机械抖动装置的温度特性及其对激光陀螺零偏稳定性的影响。仿真实验与实测数据结果表明:在全温度范围内保持机抖机构抖动速率的一致性能有效地提高激光陀螺的零偏稳定性。     

The 7th International Conference on Fluid Mechanics May 24-27,2015,Qingdao,China

正http://www.icfm7.org First Announcement and Call for PapersThe objective of International Conference on Fluid Mechanics(ICFM)is to provide a forum for researchers to exchange new ideas and recent advances in the fields of theoretical,experimental,computational Fluid Mechanics as well as interdisciplinary subjects.It was successfully convened by the Chinese Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics(CSTAM)in Beijing(1987,     

INFORMATION FOR CONTRIBUTORS

Contributions： The Journal, Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica, is pleased to receive papers from engineers and scientists working in various aspects of solid mechanics. All contributions are subject to critical review prior to acceptance and publication.     

Preface

This special issue of PARTICUOLOGY is devoted to the first UK-China Particle Technology Forum taking place in Leeds, UK, on 1-3 April 2007. The forum was initiated by a number of UK and Chinese leading academics and organised by the University of Leeds in collaboration with Chinese Society of Particuology, Particle Technology Subject Group （PTSG） of the Institution of Chemical Engineers （IChemE）, Particle Characterisation Interest Group （PCIG） of the Royal Society of Chemistry （RSC） and International Fine Particle Research Institute （IFPRI）. The forum was supported financially by the Engineering and Physics Sciences Research Council （EPSRC） of United Kingdom,     

基于鲁棒滤波的捷联导引头视线角速度估计方法

针对捷联导引头无法直接获取视线角速度等信息的问题,研究了鲁棒滤波在大气层外飞行器捷联导引头视线角速度估计中的应用。为了建立非线性滤波估计模型,考虑目标视线角速度的慢变特性,采用一阶马尔科夫模型建立了状态方程;推导了视线角速度的解耦模型,并建立了量测方程;考虑到实际应用中存在系统噪声统计特性失准的问题,基于Huber-Based鲁棒滤波方法,设计了视线角速度滤波器,并完成了基于Huber-Based滤波方法和扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的数学仿真。仿真结果表明Huber-Based滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度分别达到0.1140'、0.1423'/s、0.0203'/s2,而扩展卡尔曼滤波方法的视线角、视线角速度及视线角加速度估计精度仅分别为0.6577'、0.6415'/s、0.0979'/s~2。仿真结果证明了该方法可以有效地估计出相对视线角速度等信息,并且在非高斯噪声的条件下,依然可获得较高的估计精度,具有一定的鲁棒性。     

Guide for authors

正Each of the sections below provides essential information for authors.We recommend that you take the time to read them before submitting a contribution to Acta Mechanica Sinica.We hope our guide to authors may help you navigate to the appropriate section.How to prepare a submission This document provides an outline of the editorial process involved in publishing a scientific paper in Acta Mechanica     

Use specification of multiscale materials for life spanned over macro-, micro-, nano-, and pico-scale

Multiscale material intends to enhance the strength and life of mechanical systems by matching the transmitted spatiotemporal energy distribution to the constituents at the different scale, say—macro, micro, nano, and pico,—, depending on the needs. Lower scale entities are, particularly, critical to small size systems. Large structures are less sensitive to microscopic effects. Scale shifting laws will be developed for relating test data from nano-, micro-, and macro-specimens. The benefit of reinforcement at the lower scale constituents needs to be justified at the macroscopic scale. Filling the void and space in regions of high energy density is considered.Material inhomogeneity interacts with specimen size. Their combined effect is non-equilibrium. Energy exchange between the environment and specimen becomes increasingly more significant as the specimen size is reduced. Perturbation of the operational conditions can further aggravate the situation. Scale transitional functions and/or f_j/j+1 are introduced to quantify these characteristics. They are represented, respectively, by , and (f_mi/ma,f_na/mi,f_pi/na). The abbreviations pi, na, mi, and ma refer to pico, nano, micro and macro.Local damage is assumed to initiate at a small scale, grows to a larger scale, and terminate at an even larger scale. The mechanism of energy absorption and dissipation will be introduced to develop a consistent book keeping system. Compaction of mass density for constituents of size 10⁻¹², 10⁻⁹, 10⁻⁶, 10⁻³ m, will be considered. Energy dissipation at all scales must be accounted for. Dissipations at the smaller scale must not only be included but they must abide by the same physical and mathematical interpretation, in order to avoid inconsistencies when making connections with those at the larger scale where dissipations are eminent.Three fundamental Problems I, II, and III are stated. They correspond to the commonly used service conditions. Reference is made to a Representative Tip (RT), the location where energy absorption and dissipation takes place. The RT can be a crack tip or a particle. At the larger size scales, RT can refer to a region. Scale shifting of results from the very small to the very large is needed to identify the benefit of using multiscale materials.