Reactions of azirines with sulfur nucleophiles. 2. Reactions of 2H-azirine with β,γ-dihydroxy thiols and β-dithiols. a new route to the synthesis of cyclic sulfides

The reaction of 2H-azirine with a number of dihydroxy thiols and dithiols leads to aziridin-2-yl alkyl sulfides. The latter readily isomerize to cyclic sulfides the size of the ring of which is determined by the length of the alkyl sulfide chain.For Communication 1, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, May, 1985.     

Selective trifluorination of alkyl aryl sulfides using IF5

In the reaction of IF₅ with alkyl aryl sulfides in heptane under reflux conditions, the arylthio group migrated once and three fluorine atoms were selectively introduced on the alkyl chain. In order to find the reason why the reaction stopped at the trifluorination step, we examined the oxidation potentials of the starting material, a reaction intermediate, and the product, and the time course of the reactions.     

New Preparative Procedure for the Synthesis of Chloroalkyl Sulfides

Reaction of thiols with dihaloalkanes in the system hydrazine hydrate-base leads to alkyl(chloroalkyl) sulfides with different positions of the chlorine atom with respect to sulfur. The developed one-step procedure for the synthesis of such unsymmetrical sulfides is most suitable for arenethiols and alkanethiols having a long polymethylene chain. The reaction mechanism is discussed.     

Dechalcogenative allylic selenosulfide and disulfide rearrangements: complementary methods for the formation of allylic sulfides in the absence of electrophiles. Scope, limitations, and application to the functionalization of unprotected peptides in aqueous media

Primary allylic selenosulfates (seleno Bunte salts) and selenocyanates transfer the allylic selenide moiety to thiols giving primary allylic selenosulfides, which undergo rearrangement in the presence of PPh3 with the loss of selenium to give allylically rearranged allyl alkyl sulfides. This rearrangement may be conducted with prenyl-type selenosulfides to give isoprenyl alkyl sulfides. Alkyl secondary and tertiary allylic disulfides, formed by sulfide transfer from allylic heteroaryl disulfides to thiols, undergo desulfurative allylic rearrangement on treatment with PPh3 in methanolic acetonitrile at room temperature. With nerolidyl alkyl disulfides this rearrangement provides an electrophile-free method for the introduction of the farnesyl chain onto thiols. Both rearrangements are compatible with the full range of functionality found in the proteinogenic amino acids, and it is demonstrated that the desulfurative rearrangement functions in aqueous media, enabling the derivatization of unprotected peptides. It is also demonstrated that the allylic disulfide rearrangement can be induced in the absence of phosphine at room temperature by treatment with piperidine, or simply by refluxing in methanol. Under these latter conditions the reaction is also applicable to allyl aryl disulfides, providing allylically rearranged allyl aryl sulfides in good yields.     

Reactions of alkyl furfuryl ethers and sulfides with n-butyllithium

The direction of the reaction of alkyl furfuryl ethers and sulfides with n-butyllithium is in agreement with the results of basic H-D exchange in the same compounds: In the case of the ethers H-D exchange and metallation take place primarily in the free a position of the furan ring, whereas in the case of the sulfides these reactions take place primarily at the methylene group of the side chain located between the sulfur atom and the furan ring.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 744–746, June, 1984.     

Reactions of azirines with sulfur nucleophiles. 4. Treatment of 2H-azirine with mercaptosubstituted acids. reactions of aziridinyl alkyl sulfides with carboxylic acids and acyl chloride derivatives

Treatment of 2H-azirines with mercaptosubstituted acids and their derivatives leads to -ketoamides and 2-aziridinyl alkyl sulfides, respectively. 2-Aziridinyl alkyl sulfides, in turn, react with carboxylic acids to give -ketoamides and substituted ethanethiol derivatives. Acylation of 2-aziridinyl alkyl sulfides with acyl halides generates a variety of products, depending on the reaction conditions; either products derived from cleavage and isomerization of the aziridinyl ring or (1-acylaziridinyl-2) alkyl sulfides are obtained.For communication 3, see [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 206–211, February, 1986.     

Utilizing 2‐phenylpropanal as coupling partner for C‐S bond formation via sequential thioarylation and decarbonylation process: A novel strategy for the synthesis of aryl alkyl sulfides

In this study, first direct access to aryl alkyl sulfides employing 2‐phenylpropanal as coupling partner is reported. Diaryl disulfides react with this aldehyde in the presence of morpholine and produce the corresponding sulfide products in high yields. In another part, disulfides are in situ generated in the reaction mixture from aryl halides/CuI/Cyanodithioformate and coupled with 2‐phenylpropanal to access aryl alkyl sulfides.     

Cyclopropyl organyl sulfides

Conclusions Three methods were developed for the synthesis of cyclopropyl organyl sulfides, which are based on the reaction of cyclopropyl halides with either thiols or alkali metal thiolates in a superbasic medium, the reaction of cyclopropyllithium with diorganyl disulfides, and the reaction of cyclopropyl alkyl sulfides with lithium in liquid ammonia and subsequent reaction with organic bromo derivatives. In contrast, the cleavage of cyclopropyl aryl sulfides leads to the formation of lithium arylthiolates.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 1664–1667, July, 1983.     

A convenient and stereoselective synthesis of allylic sulfides

The fractional distillation of 0-(2-alkenyl or 2-cycloalkenyl) S-alkyl dithiocarbonates (xanthates) affords 2-alkenyl or 2-cycloalkenyl alkyl sulfides. The reaction involves the [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the xanthates to produce S-(2-alkenyl or 2-cycloalkenyl) S-alkyl dithiocarbonates followed by extrusion of carbon oxysulfide to give 2-alkenyl or 2-cycloalkenyl alkyl sulfides.     

Reactions of Diorganyl Disulfides with Dihaloalkanes in Basic Reductive Media. Synthesis of Bis(organylthio)alkanes

A convenient preparative synthesis of bis(organylthio)alkanes was developed. It is based on alkylation with dihaloalkanes of solutions of diorganyl disulfides in the basic reductive system hydrazine hydrate-alkali. The generation of organylthiolate anions from disulfides and the subsequent reaction of the anions with dihaloalkanes are performed in one reaction vessel without isolation of intermediate alkali metal thiolates. At the same time, the reactions of diphenyl or dithienyl disulfides with dihaloalkanes result in substitution with the thiolate anions of only one halogen atom to give the corresponding unsymmetrical sulfides. In certain cases in the presence of excess alkali the latter sulfides are dehalogenated to form alkyl vinyl sulfides.     

Copper-mediated cross-coupling of aryl boronic acids and alkyl thiols

[reaction: see text] The cross-coupling of aryl boronic acids and alkanethiols mediated by copper(II) acetate and pyridine in anhydrous dimethylformamide affords aryl alkyl sulfides in good yield with a wide variety of substituted aryl boronic acids. The method is applicable to the synthesis of aryl sulfides of cysteine.     

不同硫醚化合物和单线态氧反应能力的研究

本工作采用Young提出的方法,利用二苯基苯并呋喃及硫醚类化合物对单线态氧的竞争反应,通过荧光强度的比较,测定了一系列烷基和芳基硫醚化合物和单线态氧反应的速度常数。对所得结果,联系立体效应和电子诱导效应进行了讨论。     

Reactivity of cyclic sulfides in reactions with quinones

Sulfonium salts are obtained by the reaction of cyclic sulfides with 1,4-benzoquinone and 5,8-quinolinedione in an acidic medium. It is shown by the method of concurrent reactions that the introduction of alkyl substituents into molecules of thiacyclopentane and thiacyclohexane decreases the reactivity of the sulfides. Quinolinedione is less reactive towards sulfides than is benzoquinone.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 891–894, July, 1986.     

Indium-mediated cleavage of diphenyl diselenide and diphenyl disulfide: efficient one-pot synthesis of unsymmetrical diorganyl selenides, sulfides, and selenoesters

A convenient and efficient method was developed for the synthesis of alkyl phenyl selenides, sulfides, and selenoesters in one-pot reaction by using indium metal. The reaction showed the selectivity for tert-alkyl, benzylic, and allylic halides over primary and secondary alkyl halides. For the reaction of primary and secondary alkyl iodides and bromides, the yields of selenides were improved by the addition of a catalytic amount of iodine.     

Novel reaction for the preparation of alkyl vinyl sulfides using metal complex catalysts

The feasibility of the one- step synthesis of mixtures of Z- and E- alkenyl alkyl sulfides via the reaction of elemental sulfur with terminal and disubstituted alkynes and alkyl halides has been demonstrated in the presence of low- valent Ni, Co, Pd, and Fe complexes. The effects of structure in the starting alkynes and alkyl halides have been investigated, along with process conditions and their effect on the composition and yields of reaction products.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2040–2048, September, 1990.     

烯烃对CeY分子筛脱硫效果影响的红外光谱研究

研究了不同硫化物在CeY上吸附后的红外光谱,总结了吸附作用机理;以噻吩作为模拟油中的硫化物,根据红外光谱信息研究烯烃对CeY分子筛选择性吸附脱硫性能的影响。结果表明,不同硫化物与CeY分子筛的作用方式不尽相同,但都在分子筛表面发生催化反应;CeY分子筛阳离子和烯烃的双键发生了σ—π络合,从而跟与CeY存在SM作用的噻吩形成了竞争吸附。噻吩存在下,烯烃在CeY表面发生了更为严重的催化反应,生成了大分子聚合物,占据吸附剂活性位的同时堵塞了分子筛表面孔道,导致CeY分子筛的脱硫性能显著降低。     

Some Comments on the Conformations of Methyl Phenyl Sulfides,Sulfoxides and Sulfones

¹³C-NMR. and He (Iα) photoelectron spectra of alkyl phenyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones have been used to probe how their conformations depend on the size of the alkyl groups R. The results are interpreted to indicate that in the sulfides the S, R-bond is twisted out of the planar conformation with increasing size of the alkyl group, whereas in the sulfoxides and sulfones the preferred conformation with the S, R-bond perpendicular to the phenyl group plane seems to be independent of the size of R. These conclusions are in agreement with previous work on the alkyl phenyl sulfides and provide strong support for previous conjectures concerning the preferred conformations of alkyl phenyl sulfoxides and sulfones.     

Reductive lithiation of alkyl phenyl sulfides in diethyl ether. A ready access to α,α-dialkylbenzyllithiums

Diethyl ether is a convenient solvent for the conversion of benzylic phenyl sulfides to the corresponding organolithiums by an uncatalyzed reductive metalation, while catalysis by naphthalene is required to achieve the same reaction for alkyl phenyl sulfides. The addition of magnesium 2-ethoxyethoxide to solutions of unstable alkyllithiums prepared in this way provides storable reagents.     

A novel rearrangement of alkyl (n-alkylamido) methyl sulfides

The finding of a new rearrangement of alkyl (N-alkylamido) methyl sulfides promoted by strong bases such as NaH, LDA, and t-BuLi is described. The reaction induces a migration of the alkyl group linked to the sulfur to the amide carbonyl giving the corresponding ketone.     

Tin-free generation of alkyl radicals from alkyl 4-pentynyl sulfides via homolytic substitution at the sulfur atom

Homolytic substitution at the sulfur atom of beta-(phenylsulfanyl)vinyl radicals, obtained by radical reaction of benzenethiol with easily accessible alkyl 4-pentynyl sulfides, is a mild, effective, tin-free route for the generation of all types of alkyl radicals. This protocol can be employed in reductive defunctionalizations as well as cyclizations onto both electron-rich and electron-poor C-C double bonds.