共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
A Fokker-Planck study is carried out for tokamak electron cyclotron resonance heating by writing the quasi-linear diffusion operator into a form adaptive to the collision operator and considering the wave absorption characteristics of both the O-mode and the X-mode in different magnetic surfaces. Though the Fokker-Planck code is non-relativistic in nature, however, if the relativistic resonance condition for the nearly perpendicularly propagating waves is treated suitably, we can obtain correct results. The energy loss mechanism through anomalous transport is also modelled using a suitable loss term. In the heating phase, the electron distribution deviates from the Maxwellian distribution substantially, which leads to non-linear absorption characteristics. The wave damping rate is non-linear and changes with time. The electron pressure is usually anisotropic under different conditions: p_{e⊥}/p_{e‖}>2 for different D_0 and τ_e. 相似文献
2.
Τ ά��������������� 《核聚变与等离子体物理》2018,38(2):144-151
为了给EAST 电子回旋共振加热物理实验提供理论依据和模拟预测,从电子热输运方程出发,运用 CRONOS 输运程序对不同等离子体和波参数下,电子回旋加热效果进行了数值模拟计算。给出不同电子回旋波功率、入射角、电子密度和纵场等参数对电子回旋加热效果的影响,预测在不同参数下,电子温度、等离子体总内能和能量约束时间的变化,分析了其原因,并与实验结果进行了初步的比较。 相似文献
3.
4.
Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma is produced and studied in a small cylindrical system. Microwave power is delivered
by a CW magnetron at 2.45 GHz in TE10 mode and launched radially to have extraordinary (X) wave in plasma. The axial magnetic field required for ECR in the system
is such that the first two ECR surfaces (B = 875.0 G andB = 437.5 G) reside in the system. ECR plasma is produced with hydrogen with typical plasma density ne as 3.2 × 1010 cm-3 and plasma temperature Te between 9 and 15 eV. Various cut-off and resonance positions are identified in the plasma system. ECR heating (ECRH) of the
plasma is observed experimentally. This heating is because of the mode conversion of X-wave to electron Bernstein wave (EBW)
at the upper hybrid resonance (UHR) layer. The power mode conversion efficiency is estimated to be 0.85 for this system. The
experimental results are presented in this paper. 相似文献
5.
6.
SHI Yingtian SHI Bingren 《核工业西南物理研究院年报(英文版)》2005,(1):137-139
Electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) is one of the main auxiliary heating schemes for the HL-2A tokamak. Routinely, the ohmic heating can provide a heating power about 300-450 kW in this device ( estimated from that the total toroidal current is about 300 kA while the totoidal voltage is 1-1.5 V). The total power for the ECRH now is 1 MW and in future 2 MW. 相似文献
7.
介绍了实验室研制的微波电子回旋共振(ECR)等离子体阴极电子束系统及初步研究结果,该系统包括微波ECR 等离子体源、电子束引出极、聚焦线圈等。通过测量水冷靶电流和靶上的束斑尺寸,实验研究了微波ECR 等离子体阴极电子束的流强、聚束性能等随电子束系统工作条件的变化。结果表明:微波输入功率越高、引出电压越高,引出电子束流强越大;工作气压对电子束流强的影响较复杂,随气压增加呈现出先降低后升高的特点;在7×10−4Pa 的极低气压下电子束流强可达75mA,引出电压9kV;能量利用率可达0.6;调整聚焦线圈的驱动电流,电子束的束斑直径从20mm 减小到13mm,电子束流强未有明显变化。 相似文献
8.
Electron temperature fluctuation in the HT-7 Tokamak plasma observed by electron cyclotron emission imaging 下载免费PDF全文
The fluctuation of the electron temperature has been measured by
using the electron cyclotron emission imaging in the Hefei Tokamak-7
(HT-7) plasma. The electron temperature fluctuation with a broadband
spectrum shows that it propagates in the electron diamagnetic drift
direction, and the mean poloidal wave-number $\bar{k}_{\theta}$is
calculated to be about 1.58 cm-1, or
\bar{k}θ ρs≈ 0.34. It indicates that the
fluctuation should come from the electron drift wave turbulence. The
linear global scaling of the electron temperature fluctuation with
the gradient of electron temperature is consistent with the mixing
length scale qualitatively. Evolution of spectrum of the fluctuation
during the sawtooth oscillation phases is investigated, and the
fluctuation is found to increase with the gradient of electron
temperature increasing during most phases of the sawtooth
oscillation. The results indicate that the electron temperature
gradient is probably the driver of the fluctuation enhancement. The
steady heat flux driven by electron temperature fluctuation is
estimated and compared with the results from power balance
estimation. 相似文献
9.
10.
微型电子回旋共振(ECR)离子推力器可满足微小航天器空间探测的推进需求. 为此, 本文开展直径20 mm的微型ECR离子源结构优化实验研究. 根据放电室内静磁场和ECR谐振区的分布特点, 研究不同微波耦合输入位置对离子源性能的影响, 结果表明环形天线处在高于ECR谐振强度的强磁场区域时, 微波与等离子体实现无损耦合, 电子共振加热效果显著, 引出离子束流较大. 根据放电室电磁截止特性, 结合微波电场计算, 研究放电容积对离子源性能的影响, 实验表明过长或过短的腔体长度会导致引出离子束流下降甚至等离子体熄灭. 经优化后离子源性能测试表明, 在入射微波功率2.1 W、氩气流量14.9 μg/s下, 可引出离子束流5.4 mA, 气体放电损耗和利用率分别为389 W/A和15%. 相似文献
11.
竹锦霞 《原子与分子物理学报》2014,31(6):941-944
利用ECE电子回旋辐射和Ha线辐射等托卡马克物理诊断系统,研究了Slide-away放电过程中提高等离子体密度对非麦克斯维尔分布的逃逸电子所激发的逃逸电子束不稳定性影响作用。实验结果表明:在Slide-away放电模式下,提高等离子体密度能有效抑制逃逸电子束的不稳定性。 相似文献
12.
竹锦霞 《原子与分子物理学报》2015,32(6)
利用ECE电子回旋辐射和Ha线辐射等托卡马克物理诊断系统,研究了Slide-away放电过程中提高等离子体密度对非麦克斯维尔分布的逃逸电子所激发的逃逸电子束不稳定性影响作用.实验结果表明:在Slide-away放电模式下,提高等离子体密度能有效抑制逃逸电子束的不稳定性. 相似文献
13.
Investigation of the effect of electron cyclotron heating on runaway generation in the KSTAR tokamak
Z.Y. Chen W.C. KimA.C. England S.W. YoonK.D. Lee Y.S. LeeJ.W. Yoo Y.W. YuY.K. Oh J.G. KwakM. Kwon 《Physics letters. A》2011,375(26):2569-2572
Wave enhanced runaway generation is expected to play an important role in the conversion of plasma current into runaway current during major disruptions. The fast electrons created by electron cyclotron heating (ECH) were used to study this issue in KSTAR. It is found that the fast electrons driven by ECH can enhance runaway production in the flat top phase with high loop voltage. The runaway current in disruptions was not enhanced by the ECH produced fast electron population due to the strong magnetic fluctuations which inhibited the generation of runaway electrons. It is found that a complete loss of existing REs during thermal quench has occurred in KSTAR limiter configuration discharges. 相似文献
14.
电子回旋共振(ECR)中和器是微型ECR离子推力器的重要组成部分,其引出的电子用于中和ECR离子源的离子束流,避免了航天器表面电荷堆积,并且电子引出性能对推力器的整体性能起着重要作用.为了分析影响微型ECR中和器电子引出的因素,本文建立了二维轴对称PIC/MCC计算模型,通过数值模拟研究不同磁路结构对中和器的电子引出,及不同腔体长度对壁面电流损失的影响.计算结果表明, ECR区位置和引出孔附近磁场构型对中和器的电子引出性能至关重要.当ECR区位于天线上游,电子在迁移扩散中易损失,并且电子跨过引出孔前电势阱所需的能量更高.如果更多磁力线平行通过引出孔,中和器引出相同电子电流所需电压较小.当ECR区被天线切割或位于下游时,电子更易沿磁力线迁移到引出孔附近,从而降低了收集板电压.研究了同一磁路结构下不同腔体长度对电子引出的影响,发现增加腔体长度,使得更多平行轴线的磁力线通过引出孔从而避免电子损失在引出板表面,增加了引出电子电流.研究结果有助于设计合理的中和器磁路和腔体尺寸. 相似文献
15.
为了刻蚀出图形完整、侧壁陡直、失真度小的α:CH薄膜微器件,研究了有铝和无铝掩膜、气体流量比、工作气压对刻蚀速率的影响,并对纯氧等离子体刻蚀稳定性进行了研究。研究结果表明:在相同条件下,刻蚀速率随刻蚀时间变化不大;a:CH薄膜上有铝和无铝掩膜时,刻蚀速率相同;流量一定时,刻蚀速率随氩气和氧气体积比的增大而降低,当用纯氩气时,几乎没刻蚀作用;刻蚀速率随工作气压的增大而降低。实验中,得到最佳刻蚀条件是:纯氧气,流量4 mL·s-1,工作气压9.9×10-2 Pa,微波源电流80 mA,偏压-90 V。 相似文献
16.
空间推进所用的电子回旋共振离子源(ECRIS)应具有体积小、效率高的特点. 本文研究的ECRIS使用永磁体环产生磁场, 有效减小了体积, 该离子源利用微波在磁场中加热电子, 电子与中性气体发生电离碰撞产生等离子体. 磁场在微波加热电子的过程中起关键作用, 同时影响离子源内等离子体的约束和输运. 通过比较四种磁路结构离子源的离子电流引出特性来研究磁场对10 cm ECRIS性能的影响. 实验发现: 在使用氩气的条件下, 特定结构的离子源可引出160 mA的离子电流, 最高推进剂利用率达60%, 最小放电损耗为120 W·A-1; 所有离子源均存在多个工作状态, 工作状态在微波功率、气体流量、引出电压变化时会发生突变. 离子源发生状态突变时的微波功率、气体流量的大小与离子源内磁体的位置有关. 通过比较不同离子源的引出离子束流、放电损耗、气体利用率、工作稳定性的差异, 归纳了磁场结构对此种ECRIS引出特性的影响规律, 分析了其中的机理. 实验结果表明: 保持输入微波功率、气体流量、引出电压不变时, 增大共振区的范围、减小共振区到栅极的距离, 离子源能引出更大的离子电流; 减小共振区到微波功率入口、气体入口的距离能降低维持离子源高状态所需的最小微波功率和最小气体流量, 提高气体利用率, 但会导致放电损耗增大. 研究结果有助于深化对此类离子源工作过程的认识, 为其设计和性能优化提供参考. 相似文献
17.
18.
在HL-2A单零偏滤器条件下,对由弱场侧沿赤道平面垂直注入的电子回旋寻常波(O-模)的波迹和波的功率沉积剖面进行了分析计算。对近磁轴共振情形,需要确定一个有效的物理尺度以正确获得波功率沉积。单一波束的有效吸收层的厚度可以合理地作为这一物理尺度,从而获得统一的功率沉积公式。对比研究了磁轴偏离赤道面和位于赤道面情况下的波功率沉积剖面。 相似文献
19.
20.
E.A. Henriksen S. Syed Y.J. Wang M.J. Manfra L.N. Pfeiffer K.W. West H.L. Stormer 《Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures》2006,34(1-2):318
A large splitting of the cyclotron resonance line, observed in two different two-dimensional electron systems, remains unexplained. The splitting resembles an anti-level crossing with an unidentified mode of the semiconductor system. Here, we review our data on this splitting, and highlight some results of recent experiments. 相似文献