Electrodeposition of Palladium-Zinc Alloy from the Ammonium Chloride-Na2EDTA Electrolyte

The influence of the electrolysis regime and electrolyte composition on the cathodic current efficiency by the palladium-zinc alloy and on the alloy composition was studied.     

Electrodeposition of tin-indium alloy from a sulfate electrolyte in the presence of organic substances

Electrodeposition of the Sn-In alloy from a sulfate electrolyte in the presence of synthanol, formalin, and butynediol-1,4 was studied. An electrolyte composition and conditions for obtaining an alloy of prescribed composition are suggested.     

The effects of electrolyte concentration on film composition and homogeneity in electrodeposition

We have investigated the effects of electrolyte concentration on the composition and homogeneity of thin films of the ternary alloy CoNiCu grown by single-bath electrodeposition techniques. The material was chosen owing to its academic and industrial applications but our results are more generic and will apply to other alloys grown this way. We compare weak (low species concentrations) and strong (high species concentrations) electrolyte solutions using identical electrolyte ratios. By choosing the concentration of the more noble species, in this case Cu, to be 25 times less than that of the other species, we controlled alloy composition as a function of potential. Films grown from the strong electrolyte solution were largely invariant in composition, whereas the weak solution produced highly potential sensitive alloy compositions. We found a trade-off between the accessible alloying range and thickness homogeneity across the film. This was shown to be due to the convective evolution of the diffusion layer using schlieren imaging.     

Electrodeposition of a cobalt-molybdenum alloy from an ammonia-citrate electrolyte

Kinetics of processes of electrochemical production of a cobalt-molybdenum alloy out of an ammonia-citrate electrolyte is studied. The electrolyte’s composition is similar to that used for depositing a nickel-molybdenum alloy. It is established that the cobalt-molybdenum alloy undergoes deposition at smaller values of pH (5.0–6.0) than the nickel-molybdenum alloy (7.0–9.0). The current efficiency for the cobalt-molybdenum alloy is substantially dependent on the electrolyte pH, whereas the chemical composition of the obtained deposits is practically independent of the electrolyte pH in the pH interval 5.0–8.0 at current densities of 0.025 to 0.100 A cm^?2. On the other hand, a change in the electrolyte pH produces a considerable effect on the morphology of the obtained deposits. At large values of pH (pH 8.0), one can obtain a powder-like deposit of the cobalt-molybdenum alloy with a small value of the current efficiency. The deposits that are obtained in the pH region 5.0–6.0 have some cracks, with the number of cracks increasing with the electrolyte pH.     

Wear resistance of electrolytic nickel-boron alloy deposited from a chloride electrolyte

Dependence of the wear resistance of an electrolytic nickel-boron alloy deposited from a chloride electrolyte on the alloy composition, thermal treatment temperature, and specific load on friction surfaces was studied.     

Electrolytic Deposition of the Zinc-Cobalt Alloy

The influence of the electrolyte composition and process conditions on electrolytic deposition of the zinc-cobalt alloy was studied.     

铝合金电解加工中的钝化行为及其对加工过程的影响

本文研究与分析了铝合金电解加工过程的钝化行为,探讨了加工电压、电流密度、加工间隙及电解液成分等因素对电解加工性能的影响. 研究表明,在试验温度（23 ± 1）^oC下,铝合金在NaNO₃和NaF复合电解液体系（钝化电解液）存在钝化现象,钝化降低了电解加工的电流效率,并使电流效率随电流密度发生较大变化. 同时,钝化也使间隙特征曲线负移. 而在相同浓度NaCl和NaF复合电解液体系（活化电解液）电解加工,可在很宽的电位范围内保持活性溶解. 在钝化电解液中,电解加工表面更加平整.     

Electrodeposition and characterization of Zn–Sn alloy coatings from a deep eutectic solvent based on choline chloride for corrosion protection

With the aim of obtaining high corrosion resistant Zn–Sn alloy coatings from an ionic liquid, the effects of electrodeposition potential and electrolyte composition on the electrodeposition behavior, film composition, morphology and corrosion performance were investigated. Cyclic voltammograms indicate that Zn and Sn were co‐deposited at distinct reduction potentials as pure Zn and Sn elements. In addition, the phase composition analysis also showed that the obtained Zn–Sn alloy deposits (8 wt.%–45 wt.% Zn) consist of a two‐phase mechanical mixture of small aggregates of Zn and Sn metals. The Zn content of the alloy significantly increases as the electrodeposition potential and electrolyte Zn (II)/Sn (II) ratio increase. The corrosion performance study of the obtained Zn–Sn coatings showed that they have a passivation behavior and their corrosion resistance increases as the alloy‐Sn content increases. To improve their morphological properties, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid additive was introduced into the electrolyte and greatly improved the morphology and corrosion resistance of the deposits. For the first time, it was shown that high corrosion resistance Zn–Sn coatings can be obtained from ionic liquids. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Formation of micro-arc coatings on the surface of D16 aluminum alloy

Results of a study of how optically black coatings are formed by micro-arc oxidation on the surface of D16 aluminum alloy are reported. Coatings with high optical properties were obtained on this alloy in the pulsed anodic-cathodic mode of treatment in the electrolyte composition developed in the study.     

Quantitative Analysis of Chemical and Phase Composition of Zn−Ni Alloy Coating by Potentiodynamic Stripping

We propose quantitative analysis of chemical and phase composition of Zn−Ni alloy depending on the film thickness, using potentiodynamic stripping in an alkaline ammonia-glycinate electrolyte. The mechanism of dissolution of zinc-enriched Zn−Ni alloy films in this electrolyte comprises sequential stages of dissolution of zinc-phase and zinc from a γ-phase of various structures, followed by dissolution of the nickel-enriched residue, formed by dezincification, and matrix nickel.     

Electrochemically Deposited Zinc-Nickel Alloys

The mechanism of formation of a zinc-nickel alloy under the conditions of normal and anomalous electrochemical codeposition (accompanied by enrichment of the deposit with nickel or zinc) were studied. The manner in which the composition, structure, and properties of the zinc-nickel alloy vary with the electrolyte composition (nature of ligands and molar ratio of codeposited metals) and deposition conditions (potential and current density) was determined.     

Synthesis of Co–Pd alloys by co-electroreduction of aquachloro-cobalt(II) and palladium(II) complexes

The work presents results of the studies on the synthesis of Co–Pd alloys from acid electrolytes containing chloride ions. The main aim of the tests was to identify reactions responsible for alloy formation and to determine an influence of the electrolysis parameters, i.e. working electrode potential, electrolyte composition and temperature on the composition of the resulted alloy coatings. Electrochemical investigations were performed by applying cyclic voltammetry (CV) combined with electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The electrolyte composition was selected based on a thermodynamic analysis and spectrophotometric tests which were described in our previous papers [1, 2]. They allowed determination of equilibrium distribution of the metals complex forms and a stability analysis of the electrolyte. The alloys were synthesized within the potential range from ?0.7 to ?1.1 V. The tests indicate a possibility of alloys synthesis already at the potential range 相似文献   

Deposition and Study of Composite Coatings with Oxygen-containing Manganese Compounds on the Surface of D16 Aluminum Alloy

Fundamental aspects and specific features were studied of how composite coatings with oxygen-containing compounds of manganese are formed on the surface of D16 alloy in the course of the microarc oxidation from a silicate-alkaline electrolyte in the anodic-cathodic mode with interrupted discharge. The influence exerted by the concentration of potassium permanganate in the electrolyte on the elemental composition, morphology, and structure of the coatings was examined. It was found that the coatings are promising as catalytically active and corrosion-protection systems.     

钨—镍—铁系重合金中粘结相的定量测定

通过对９３Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ（Ｍｎ）合金中粘结相和钨颗粒化学及电化学性质的研究，提出了一种定量提取Ｗ－Ｎｉ－Ｆｅ系重合金中粘结相的电解液，建立了定量测定其粘结相和钨颗粒组成及含量的方法。     

Electrodeposition of Tin-Antimony Alloy from Sulfate Electrolytes with Organic Additives

Electrodeposition of the tin-antimony alloy from sulfate electrolytes containing SnSO₄, Sb₂(SO₄)₃, H₂SO₄, syntanol, formalin, and coumarin was studied. The electrolyte composition and electrodeposition conditions allowing deposition of lustrous coatings of tin-antimony alloy of controllable composition were determined.     

Anodic-Spark Oxidation of Aluminum Alloy in Tungstate Electrolytes

The effect of Na₂WO₄ concentration, electrolyte depletion, and replacement of sodium tungstate by ammonium paratungstate on the specific features of formation and on the phase and elemental composition of coatings formed on AMtsM aluminum alloy in anodic-spark oxidation was studied.     

覆有微弧氧化涂层的AZ91D镁合金在氯化钠溶液中的极化行为

由于结构和成分的影响,覆有微弧氧化涂层的AZ91D镁合金的极化曲线有多种不同的表现形式.事实上,覆有微弧氧化涂层的AZ91D镁合金在NaCl溶液中的极化曲线行为不仅与涂层的主要组成和微观结构有关,也与极化曲线测试条件,如氯离子浓度、溶液pH值、阴极极化程度和样品的暴露面积有关,由于微弧氧化涂层的不稳定性,这些因素通过改变氧化涂层的组成和微观结构,继而影响极化曲线的形状.本文用傅里叶变换显微红外成像和对应的光学照片研究了氧化涂层的成分和结构的变化.结合物理表征,我们提出一个模型,用以阐明微弧氧化涂层组成和结构在NaCl溶液中的变化.对于浸泡在NaCl溶液中的AZ91D微弧氧化涂层,阳极溶解和阴极还原反应的速控步骤分别是传质过程和电荷转移过程.所以从极化曲线上拟合出来的腐蚀电流密度不能准确反映腐蚀速率,而且误差也难以避免.     

Laminated Composition Coatings

The present paper discusses the results of research into production of thermally stable composition coatings that have nanostructured inorganic non-metallic coating (NIN coating) of different compositions on zirconium alloy substrate as their part, as well as metals introduced into coating pores. Researchers identified optimal conditions of microplasma treatment, as well as composition of electrolyte solutions for each stage of composition material production. Was used to construct and analyze current-voltage characteristics obtained in the course of electrical impact upon samples. Phase and element composition of NIN coatings, surface morphology of NIN coatings and coatings with metal injected into were studied.     

Changes in the phase composition of oxide layers produced by microarc oxidation on Al–Si and Mg alloys induced by additions of SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanoparticles to the electrolyte

In oxide layers produced by microarc oxidation on Al–Si- and Mg-based alloys, addition of nano-dispersed silicon dioxide to the electrolyte was found to cause a shift in the phase composition toward high-temperature phases and ultra-high-pressure phases. For the first time, ultra-high-pressure phases were detected in oxide layers formed by microarc oxidation on AK6M2 alloy (stishovite) and commercially pure magnesium MG96 (wadsleyite).     

Assessment of Phase Composition of Electrolytic Deposits by Stripping Voltammetry

This paper describes the method of assessing the composition of the intermetallic compounds in nanoscale electrolytic deposits. The formula was developed for calculating the deflection potential in the case of selective electrooxidation electronegative component of the alloy composition. The processes of electro binary electrolytic precipitation in mercury-rhodium chloride electrolyte by anodic stripping voltammetry were studied. It was established that an electrolytic precipitate contains rhodium, mercury and rhodium IC with mercury composition Hg₅Rh.