有风环境下太阳能吸热器混合对流热损失特性

采用三维数值模拟方法研究了太阳能吸热器在有风环境下的混合对流热损失特性,得到了吸热器腔体内部的温度分布和采光口截面的速度分布以及对流热损失大小与倾角、风向的关系曲线。结果表明,与无风环境下太阳能吸热器对流热损失随倾角增加而单调减小的规律不同,有风环境下,太阳能吸热器混合对流热损失同时受到环境风和倾角的共同影响,且规律较为复杂。当风向背对采光口时,吸热器混合对流热损失在不同倾角下随风向的变化较小,但当风向正对采光口时,吸热器混合对流热损失随风向的变化较为剧烈,受到倾角的影响也较为显著。     

槽式集热器吸热管外混合对流换热数值模拟

本文总结了太阳能抛物槽式集热器吸热器玻璃管外对流换热的影响因素.在Shiraz 250 kW槽式太阳能热发电系统集热器结构基础上,采用最佳口径比,设计了几种结构参数不同且具有典型意义的集热器;并对所设计不同集热器结构及位置因素影响下的吸热管外混合对流换热进行了数值模拟.模拟结果表明:吸热管外混合对流平均换热热损失随集热器距地距离增大而增大,但增幅越来越小;随集热器两半反射器间间距增大而减小.而不同结构参数下混合对流换热热损失,主要受到风流在不同运行方位下由于集热器阻滞所形成的风流压力场及速度场的影响,且随结构参数呈一定趋势变化.在此基础上进一步可研究吸热器复杂耦合传热过程.     

碟式太阳能复合圆锥型腔式吸热器热性能评估

在碟式太阳能热发电技术中,吸热器是光热转换的重要装置,其热性能直接影响整个电站的安全可靠性和经济性.本文针对碟式聚光集热系统,采用光线踪迹法,建立复合圆锥型腔式吸热器内表面热流密度分布数值模型及吸热器内传热耦合模型,探究腔体结构对受热面热流密度分布特性及吸热器热传热耦合特性的影响.研究结果表明:腔体内部锥角α增大时,腔体内表面热流密度呈现不同的分布规律,腔式吸热器辐射热损失逐渐增大,对流热损失先增大后减小;通过选择合理的吸热器内部锥角,可以有效地优化吸热器热效率.     

太阳能腔式吸热器沸腾传热性能研究

腔式吸热器是太阳能塔式热发电系统中光热转换的重要设备,由于其长期在高密度、非均匀辐射热流条件下工作,因此对其性能进行研究具有重要意义。本文对腔式吸热器的整体结构和吸热面进行了设计,采用改进的蒙特卡罗法与对流换热耦合的方法模拟了腔体内部热流密度分布,分析了吸热管束内部汽液两相流的流量、温度、以及管壁表面温度等参数的变化规律,从而对不同位置的换热系数进行预测,比较全面地认识吸热器整体性能。     

太阳能腔式吸热器不同启动状态下启动性能研究

由于太阳能在时间上的非连续性使得太阳能腔式吸热器要频繁地经历不同的启动过程,对腔式吸热器在冷态启动、温态启动和热态启动过程中的热性能进行了模拟。计算得到了吸热器在三种启动过程中入口处所需的太阳光能量,可为定日镜场的布置及控制提供理论指导,同时还得到了吸热器在启动过程中热效率及辐射热损失、对流热损失随时间变化的曲线。     

有压腔式吸热器复杂耦合换热机理数值研究

本文建立了有压腔式太阳能吸热器(PVSR)轴对称计算模型,运用蒙特卡罗光线追踪法(MCRT)模拟了二次聚光器(SC)与有压腔式吸热器(PVR)系统内聚光过程与光热转换过程,进而与计算流体与传热的有限容积方法(FVM)结合研究了高温高压吸热器内复杂耦合传热过程.在此基础上,进一步对比考察了考虑不同换热过程的换热机理,分析...     

太阳能腔式吸热器表面反射率的选择

由于开口处阳光能流密度的不均匀分布以及阳光的单侧投射使得太阳能腔式吸热器内部吸热管表面的热流密度分布呈现出高度得不均匀性,严重影响吸热器运行的安全可靠性。采用建立的耦合计算模型对一个饱和蒸汽太阳能腔式吸热器的热性能进行了数值模拟,提出了一种沸腾管表面反射率的优化分布方式,从而改善了吸热器内部沸腾管表面热流密度和温度分布的不均匀性.     

八达岭太阳能塔式热发电吸热器水动力特性仿真研究

本文以八达岭塔式太阳能热发电实验电站腔式吸热器为研究对象,根据吸热器的结构和工作原理,利用热力学定律建立了吸热器系统水动力仿真数学模型,模拟了吸热器蒸发受热面系统内工质的流动,通过吸热器水动力的仿真实验从而得到在不同的太阳辐照强度下吸热器蒸发受热面入口流量的分配规律。论文结论对实际太阳能热发电站吸热器的设计及安全运行具有指导意义。     

腔式太阳能吸热器热性能的模拟计算

腔式吸热器是塔式太阳能热发电系统中非常关键的一个部件,它的性能直接关系到整个发电系统的效率,因此对吸热器内的太阳能热流密度及吸热器的效率进行计算在吸热器设计中便显得尤为重要.本文提出了一种综合计算的方法来解决这个问题:首先利用蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)方法来模拟吸热器内太阳光束的行为,得到吸热器内的太阳能热流密度分布;然后利用流动换热的相应公式计算出吸热器内吸热管道的壁温;接着再对吸热器内空气的流场进行计算得到吸热器管道的热损失.利用这种综合计算的方法可以估算出太阳能在吸热器表面的热流密度分布以及吸热器的效率,为吸热器设计提供一定的理论指导.     

太阳能腔式吸热器启动过程性能的数值模拟

提出了由太阳能腔式吸热器所需净能量推算其开口所需太阳光功率的计算模型.通过给定吸热器温升速率,计算得到了腔式吸热器在启动过程所需的净能量.根据吸热器所需净能量,结合吸热器的实际结构和周围的风速条件,计算获得了吸热器启动过程开口所需功率随时间的变化规律,并得到了启动过程的效率曲线和热损失曲线,可为吸热器的高效和安全启动提...     

Performance optimization of solar chimney power plant using electric/corona wind

The effect of the corona wind on the natural convection at absorber of a solar chimney power plant pilot was investigated experimentally. The aim of the study is to improve the efficiency of SCPP through enhanced the heat transfer coefficient of absorber with corona wind. The results show that corona wind enhanced the absorber convective heat transfer coefficient leading to increment in air the velocity and the output power of the SCPP. The amount of heat transfer of pilot increased more than 14.5% when applying voltage of 15 KV and the speed in chimney experienced about 72% amelioration.     

MHD mixed convection flow near the stagnation-point on a vertical permeable surface

The steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection boundary layer flow of a viscous and electrically conducting fluid near the stagnation-point on a vertical permeable surface is investigated in this study. The velocity of the external flow and the temperature of the plate surface are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation-point. The governing partial differential equations are first transformed into ordinary differential equations, before being solved numerically by a finite-difference method. The features of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for different values of the governing parameters are analyzed and discussed. Both assisting and opposing flows are considered. It is found that dual solutions exist for both cases, and the range of the mixed convection parameter for which the solution exists increases with suction.     

交变热流下燃烧室外对流传热特性数值研究

采用数值计算对水对流换热边界下天然气燃烧及外部对流传热特性进行了研究。研究了相同燃烧功率不同水入口流速下燃烧及传热特性,得到各个区域交界面温度分布及燃烧室内辐射换热与对流换热占总换热量比例。对天然气高温空气燃烧技术在工业锅炉等设备上的应用具有很好的指导意义。     

高温吸热管内超临界CO2传热特性的数值模拟

研究超临界CO2在高温吸热管内的传热特性是将其应用于聚光太阳能热发电技术中的基础.本文对此进行了数值模拟研究,分析了流体温度、流动方向、系统压力、质量流率和热流密度对对流传热系数和Nu数的影响.结果表明:高温区(800—1050 K)的对流传热系数和Nu数受流动方向和系统压力的影响均很小,但都随着质量流率的增大以及热流...     

Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Mixed Convection Heat Transfer in a Driven Cavity with Non-uniform Heating of the Bottom Wall

The goal of this article is to study numerically the mixed convection in a differentially heated lid-driven cavity with non-uniform heating of the bottom wall. The velocity field is solved by a hybrid scheme with multiple relaxation time Lattice Boltzmann(MRT-LBM) model, while the temperature field is obtained by resolution of the energy balance equation using the finite difference method(FDM). First, the model is checked and validated using data from the literature. Validation of the present results with those available in the literature shows a good agreement.A good efficiency in time simulation is confirmed. Thereafter, the model has been applied to mixed convection in a driven cavity with non-uniform heating wall at the fixed Grashof number Gr = 106. It is found that, the heat transfer is weakened as the Richardson number is augmented. For Gr = 106, we note the appearance of secondary vortices at different positions of the cavity corners.     

Analysis of the convective heat transfer characteristics in a two-dimensional cavity subjected to an external magnetic field

Natural convection heat transfer in the presence of a magnetic field has received considerable attention in the past few decades because of its various applications in industrial installations. In particular, a large number of numerical studies analyzing the effect of the magnetic field on natural convection in a two-dimensional cavity have been performed. In this work, we propose to study the main characteristics of the convective heat transfer of pure fluids and nanofluids in a two-dimensional cavity differentially heated and subjected to an external magnetic field. The scale analysis method is used first to obtain a correlation giving the heat transfer rate, which is then developed to predict the behavior of the heat transfer rate for pure fluids and nanofluids. To verify the reliability of the theoretical predictions, a numerical study is also carried out. The results show that the proposed correlation predicts well the convective heat transfer characteristics obtained numerically.     

太阳能斯特林机用新型吸热器的设计与模拟

本文给出了一种太阳能斯特林机用的新型吸热器的结构设计,工作原理,以及在特定边界条件下的数值模拟结果。该吸热器整体上为腔式结构,其内部开有U形的气体加热通道,其顶盖部分设计有把进出吸热器的氦气进行分流及汇集的通道。该吸热器在受光照加热的区域呈完全周向对称结构。数值模拟及对比的结果表明,该吸热器在工作时周向壁面的温度场分布较均匀,整体温差低,出口处工质的温度较高。该吸热器具有较好的加热效果。     

MHD Flow Towards a Permeable Surface with Prescribed Wall Heat Flux

The steady magnetohydrodynamic （MHD） mixed convection flow towards a vertical permeable surface with prescribed heat flux is investigated. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations, which is then solved numerically by a finite-difference method. The features of the flow and heat transfer characteristics for different values of the governing parameters are analysed and discussed. Both assisting and opposing flows are considered. It is found that dual solutions exist for the assisting flow, besides the solutions usually reported in the literature for the opposing flow.     

Electroosmosis-Optimized Thermal Model for Peristaltic Transportation of Thermally Radiative Magnetized Liquid with Nonlinear Convection

The present study addresses the heat transfer efficiency and entropy production of electrically conducting kerosene-based liquid led by the combined impact of electroosmosis and peristalsis mechanisms. Effects of nonlinear mixed convection heat transfer, temperature-dependent viscosity, radiative heat flux, electric and magnetic fields, porous medium, heat sink/source, viscous dissipation, and Joule heating are presented. The Debye–Huckel linearization approximation is employed in the electrohydrodynamic problem. Mathematical modeling is conducted within the limitations of δ << 1 and Re → 0. Coupled differential equations after implementing a lubrication approach are numerically solved. The essential characteristics of the production of entropy, the factors influencing it, and the characteristics of heat and fluid in relation to various physical parameters are graphically evaluated by assigning them a growing list of numeric values. This analysis reveals that heat transfer enhances by enhancing nonlinear convection and Joule heating parameters. The irreversibility analysis ensures that the minimization of entropy generation is observed when the parameters of viscosity and radiation are held under control. Fluid velocity can be regulated by adjusting the Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity and magnetic field strength.     

方形空间内混合对流换热的数值研究

以建筑物内人工环境控制为应用背景,对有对称空气射流的方形空间内混合对流换热进行了数值模拟,探讨了这种具有对称结构的混合对流换热解的分岔问题。数值结果表明,Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄｓ数、强制通风气流的射流角度、以及方形空间的宽高比都会影响解的分岔。当Ｒｅ数超过某一临界值时,会出现非对称数值解。宽高比减小,出现非对称解的临界Ｒｅ数也随之减小。Ｒｅ数、宽高比一定,仅当通风气流的射流角度在某个范围内时,能够得到非对称的数值解。