4-氟苯乙胺基准二维钙钛矿的合成及其电致发光与激光性能

设计并开发了一种兼具电致发光和光学增益性能的准二维钙钛矿材料。通过向三维钙钛矿CsPbBr₃中引入大体积阳离子4-FPEA⁺(4-氟苯乙胺),利用简易的溶液旋涂法,制备了不同n值量子阱混合分布的准二维钙钛矿薄膜。通过紫外可见吸收光谱和光致发光光谱证明调整4-FPEA⁺的添加量可以对量子阱的分布进行有效调控。结合扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜证明4-FPEA⁺的加入可以降低薄膜表面粗糙度。当4-FPEA⁺和CsPbBr₃的物质的量之比为0.6时,薄膜的发光强度最高。将该材料应用在发光二极管(light emitting diodes,LEDs)中,结合冠醚作为添加剂辅助钝化缺陷,实现了外量子效率(EQE)为0.98%的绿光LED器件。在激光性能方面,该材料在室温条件下的最低阈值为17.42μJ·cm^-2,增益系数为35 cm^-1。     

钙钛矿二维纳米材料的合成和发光研究进展

钙钛矿纳米材料的研究取得了飞速发展:一方面,合成方法不断涌现,已经可以实现从零维纳米晶、一维纳米线到二维纳米片的形貌精确控制,对其尺寸和维度依赖的光学性质认识也不断深入;另一方面,钙钛矿纳米材料的光学和光电子应用也得到了快速发展,其中,基于钙钛矿量子点的光致发光和电致发光技术最受关注。 由于钙钛矿的天然层状结构,通过配体调控很容易制备出二维纳米材料,其发光性能可以通过层数和组分进行调节,最高量子产率超过85%,且具有偏振发光特性,有望成为一类新型发光材料。 本文从制备方法、光致发光和电致发光应用等方面综述了基于钙钛矿二维纳米材料的进展,并对其未来的发展方向进行讨论。     

准二维蓝光钙钛矿发光二极管的研究进展

蓝光钙钛矿发光二极管（PeLEDs）是钙钛矿全彩显示和白光照明技术快速发展的核心技术瓶颈。准二维钙钛矿可利用层数调控和量子限域效应实现蓝光发射,还可借助其疏水有机配体显著提升膜层和器件的稳定性,已成为钙钛矿领域的研究热点。本综述总结了准二维蓝光PeLEDs在组分工程、膜层工艺及器件优化方面的进展,分析了准二维蓝光PeLEDs面临的挑战,展望了效率提升途径,并概述了未来研究方向和解决方案。     

准二维钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究进展

新型有机-无机杂化二维（2D）钙钛矿具有优良的光电性能、 结晶性和稳定性, 在太阳能电池领域引起广泛关注. 相比于三维（3D）钙钛矿, 由于有机间隔阳离子（OSC）的引入形成独特的层状晶体结构赋予了材料特殊性质: （1） 多层量子阱结构促成材料各项异性的光电性质; （2） 间隔阳离子改变前驱体团簇状态, 实现溶液中高质量的结晶; （3） 间隔层的疏水性质和抑制离子迁移作用, 从本源上改善了钙钛矿的稳定性. 近年来, 针对准2D钙钛矿太阳能电池（准2D-PSCs）展开了广泛研究, 并取得了一系列重要研究成果. 本文从准2D钙钛矿材料的晶体结构与取向、 相分布、 光电性质到器件的能量转化效率与稳定性等方面, 综合评述了近年来准 2D-PSCs的最新研究进展, 总结了晶体结构-材料性质-电池性能之间的作用机制, 并进一步展望了未来研究的趋势.     

Mn2+掺杂准二维钙钛矿(PEA)2PbyMn1-yBr4的制备及其电致发光性能

制备了具有高荧光量子产率(photoluminescence quantum yield, PLQY)的 Mn²⁺掺杂准二维钙钛矿(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄(PEA为苯乙胺, y 为 Pb²⁺占 Mn²⁺和 Pb²⁺总含量的物质的量分数)薄膜。宽带隙的(PEA)₂PbBr₄作为给体, 掺杂杂质 Mn²⁺作为受体, 构筑了双发射的激发态传递系统。通过调控 Mn²⁺掺杂的不同比例对(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄的发光性能和薄膜形貌的影响, 发现当前驱体溶液中 Mn²⁺与 Pb²⁺的物质的量之比为 1:4 时, 薄膜有着最高的 PLQY 和最低的表面粗糙度。利用飞秒瞬态吸收(transientabsorption, TA)光谱, 追踪其动力学过程, 发现主客体之间的激发态传递是通过电荷转移来实现的。为了研究材料的电致发光特性, 我们将(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄作为活性层, 加工得到了发光二极管(light emitting diodes, LEDs)。在室温下, 器件发出明亮的橙色, 其最高的发光强度为 0.21 cd·m^-2, 外量子效率(external quantum efficiency, EQE)为 0.002 5 %。     

Mn2+掺杂准二维钙钛矿(PEA)2PbyMn1-yBr4的制备及其电致发光性能

制备了具有高荧光量子产率(photoluminescence quantum yield,PLQY)的Mn²⁺掺杂准二维钙钛矿(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄(PEA为苯乙胺,y为Pb²⁺占Mn²⁺和Pb²⁺总含量的物质的量分数)薄膜。宽带隙的(PEA)₂PbBr₄作为给体,掺杂杂质Mn²⁺作为受体,构筑了双发射的激发态传递系统。通过调控Mn²⁺掺杂的不同比例对(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄的发光性能和薄膜形貌的影响,发现当前驱体溶液中Mn²⁺与Pb²⁺的物质的量之比为1∶4时,薄膜有着最高的PLQY和最低的表面粗糙度。利用飞秒瞬态吸收(transient absorption,TA)光谱,追踪其动力学过程,发现主客体之间的激发态传递是通过电荷转移来实现的。为了研究材料的电致发光特性,我们将(PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄作为活性层,加工得到了发光二极管(light emitting diodes,LEDs)。在室温下,器件发出明亮的橙色,其最高的发光强度为0.21 cd·m^-2,外量子效率(external quantum efficiency,EQE)为0.002 5%。     

反溶剂法快速合成高效发光二维锡卤钙钛矿材料

铅卤钙钛矿材料由于其优异的光电性质而受到了广泛关注. 但是, 材料中铅的毒性问题极大地阻碍了其大规模应用. 因此, 寻找与铅卤钙钛矿具有相似光电性质的非铅卤化物钙钛矿材料十分重要. 其中, 锡基卤化物钙钛矿被认为是铅基钙钛矿材料最佳的替代材料之一. 本文通过简便的反溶剂方法, 合成了一系列新型二维(RNH₃)₂SnX₄(R为烷基链, X=Br^-, I^-)钙钛矿材料. 研究结果表明, 所合成的材料具有优异的荧光发射性质, 发光量子效率高达98.5%, 比三维ASnX₃[A=Cs⁺, 甲胺(MA⁺), 甲脒(FA⁺)等]型钙钛矿表现出更好的稳定性. 本文所采用的合成方法简单易行, 有利于实现金属卤化物钙钛矿材料的大规模合成及在固态照明器件和显示器件领域的工业应用.     

含三苯胺的二苯乙烯化合物的合成及其电致发光性能

电致发光器件在光通讯、光信息处理、视频器件、测控仪器等光电子领域有着广泛而重要的应用价值.无机半导体二极管、半导体粉末、半导体薄膜等电致发光器件尽管已取得了令人注目的成就,但由于其复杂的器件制备工艺,高驱动电压、低发光效率,不能大面积平板显示,能耗较高以及难以解决短波长(如蓝光)等问题,使得无机电致发光材料的进一步发展受到一定的影响.相比之下,有机化合物可通过分子设计的方法合成数量巨大、种类繁多的有机化合物发光材料,使得有机材料构成的电致发光器件有着众多的优势,并成为目前电致发光领域的前沿研究课题之一.有关材料的制备^[1~3],发光机理^[4,5],电致发光器件的制备和性能^[6,7]的研究工作取得了相当大的进展.得到了各种发光颜色的器件,器件的发光亮度也较高.但由于电/光转换效率(量子效率)较低(小于10%),而且稳定性差,目前还只能制备出一些原型器件.     

二维材料及其量子点在分离科学领域的研究进展

二维材料是一种新型的分离材料,具有原子尺寸、机械强度优异、比表面积大、表面化学丰富以及 物理、化学稳定性良好等特性,引起了分离科学领域研究人员的广泛关注,其中以石墨烯为典型代表。随着 对石墨烯材料的广泛研究,相继发展了二维过渡金属硫化物（TMDs）、层状双氢氧化物（LDHs）、金属有机框 架（MOFs）、共价有机骨架（COFs）、二维过渡金属碳化物或碳氮化物（MXene）、六方氮化硼（h-BN）等多种新 兴二维材料。该文介绍并讨论了二维材料及其量子点的特点及应用,重点介绍了二维材料及其量子点在膜分 离、固相萃取/固相微萃取、液相色谱、气相色谱、毛细管电色谱等分离科学领域中的应用。此外,还探讨了 二维材料在分离科学领域中面临的挑战及应用前景。     

一种电致发光有机化合物的合成及其发光性能的检验

制备了有机电致发光材料1,3-二[（4′-特丁基苯基）-（1″,3″-噁二唑-5）]-苯（以下简写作OXD-7）,通过核磁共振光谱、红外光谱对其结构进行了表征。利用紫外可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和循环伏安法等研究了其最高被占用分子轨道（HOMO）及最低空余分子轨道（LUMO）能级及发光性能。OXD-7的HOMO能级为5．24eV,LUMO能级为1．69eV。OXD-7在306nm波长处有一吸收峰。采用300nm的紫外光激发,荧光发射峰值波长为366．6nm。     

Phosphine oxide-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives:Synthesis,photophysics,electrochemical properties,and electroluminescence performance

A series of phosphine oxide-functionalized polyfluorene derivatives,PFH-PO-40-1 (P1),PFH-PO-20-1 (P2),PFH-PO-10-1 (P3),and PFH-PO-1-1 (P4),were prepared via a palladium-mediated Suzuki cross-coupling reaction.The structures and purities of all polymers were fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR,UV-vis and photoluminescent spectroscopy,gel permeation chromatography,and TGA/DSC.Their emission features showed single broad peaks at about 445 nm in film,compared with those in dilute solutions,which might be caus...     

The novel rufigallol-based liquid crystals with cholesterol units: synthesis,mesomorphic and photophysical properties

Three novel rufigallol derivatives with four alkyl chains and two cholesteric units 6a, 6b and 6c were prepared in yields of 83–88%. The mesomorphic properties were investigated by DSC, POM and XRD analysis, suggesting that compounds 6a, 6b and 6c possess the ordered hexagonal columnar mesophase. The long alkyl chains contribute to the low phase transition temperature. Sample 6c with four dodecyl chains and two cholesterol units is a room temperature liquid crystal between 31°C and 87°C. Compounds 6a, 6b and 6c also have good fluorescence emission between 400 nm and 500 nm. The studies on CD spectra implied that the chiralities of cholesterol moieties are successfully transferred to the liquid crystalline core. Samples 6a, 6b and 6c are the first fluorescence liquid crystal based on rufigallol core with chiral cholesterol units.     

Syntheses and electroluminescence properties of conjugated poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) derivatives bearing dendritic pendants

A series of new poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) derivatives with different dendritic pendants—poly{2‐[3′,5′‐bis(2″‐ethylhexyloxy)benzyloxy]‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene} (BE–PPV), poly{2‐[3′,5′‐bis(3″,7″‐dimethyl)octyloxy]‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene} (BD–PPV), poly(2‐{3′,5′‐bis[3″,5″‐bis(2?‐ethylhexyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyloxy}‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) (BBE–PPV), poly(2‐{3′,5′‐bis[3″,5″‐bis(3?,7?‐dimethyloctyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyloxy}‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene) (BBD–PPV), and poly[(2‐{3′,5′‐bis[3″,5″‐bis(2?‐ethylhexyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyloxy}‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)‐co‐(2‐{3′,5′‐bis[3″,5″‐bis(3?,7?‐dimethyloctyloxy)benzyloxy]benzyloxy}‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene)] (BBE‐co‐BBD–PPV; 1:1)—were successfully synthesized according to the Gilch route. The structures and properties of the monomers and the resulting conjugated polymers were characterized with ¹H and ¹³C NMR, elemental analysis, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and electroluminescence spectroscopy. The obtained polymers possessed excellent solubility in common solvents and good thermal stability, with a 5% weight loss temperature of more than 328 °C. The weight‐average molecular weights and polydispersity indices of BE–PPV, BD–PPV, BBE–PPV, BBD–PPV, and BBE‐co‐BBD–PPV (1:1) were in the range of 1.33–2.28 × 10⁵ and 1.35–1.53, respectively. Double‐layer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) with the configuration of indium tin oxide/polymer/tris(8‐hydroxyquinoline) aluminum/Mg:Ag/Ag devices were fabricated, and they emitted green‐yellow light. The turn‐on voltages of BE–PPV, BD–PPV, BBE–PPV, BBD–PPV, and BBE‐co‐BBD–PPV (1:1) were approximately 5.6, 5.9, 5.5, 5.2, and 4.8 V, respectively. The LED devices of BE–PPV and BD–PPV possessed the highest electroluminescent performance; they exhibited maximum luminance with about 860 cd/m² at 12.8 V and 651 cd/m² at 13 V, respectively. The maximum luminescence efficiency of BE–PPV and BD–PPV was in the range of 0.37–0.40 cd/A. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 3126–3140, 2005     

Synthesis,characterization, and electroluminescence of novel copolyfluorenes and their applications in white light emission

New copolyfluorenes (PC8OF0–PC8OF50) comprised of 9,9‐dioctylfluorene and jacketed units 2,5‐bis[(5‐octyloxy‐phenyl)‐1,3,4‐ oxadiazole]‐1‐(3,5‐dibromophenyl)‐benzene (35C8) were synthesized by palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction. They were characterized by molecular weight determination, ¹H NMR, elemental analysis, DSC, TGA, absorption and emission spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry (CV). These copolymers were readily soluble in common organic solvents and exhibited high glass transition temperature and thermal stability.The copolymer films showed absorption peaks from 381 nm to 351 nm, and PL peaks from 432 nm to 421 nm with a blue shift originated from 35C8 units. Both the HOMO energy levels and LUMO levels changed little as the content of 35C8 units increased (?5.59 eV to ?5.48 eV and ?2.60 eV to ?2.49 eV). Electroluminescent devices: ITO/PEDOT:PSS[poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate]/polymer/Ca (25 nm)/Ag(80 nm) (a), ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/TPBI [1,3,5‐ tris(N‐phenylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)benzene](15 nm)/Mg:Ag(10:1, wt)/Ag (b), and ITO/ PEDOT:PSS/PVK[Poly(N‐vinylcarbazole)]/polymer/TPBI(15 nm)/Ca(25 nm)/Ag(80 nm) (c) were fabricated to investigate the influence of jacketed contents and device architectures on emission characteristics. The maximum brightness and current efficiency of the PC8OF25 device (5097.8 cd/m² and 0.484 cd/A) surpassed those of the PC8OF0 device (3122.8 cd/m² and 0.416 cd/A). The EL emissions of PC8OF0 – PC8OF50 were pure blue and low‐energy excimer emission bands were successfully suppressed, indicating that these copolymers could be good candidates for blue light‐emitting materials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 4555–4565, 2009