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粘弹性阻尼器动力设计及其应用的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文提出一种圆柱式剪切型粘弹性阻尼器,给出其具有结构阻尼特性的单自由度动力学系统模型,用正弦扫频实验技术实现了对阻尼器动力学特性的测量。通过实验,研究了粘弹性材料动态特性与阻尼器动力学特性的关系,并给出这种关系的数学表示,给出了这类阻尼器的设计方法和基本公式。实验结果表明,应用这种阻尼器可有效控制桁架结构的振动,实现对结构的阻尼控制。 相似文献
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基于弹性、粘弹性和压电材料本构方程,应用能量法建立了主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)圆柱壳体的有限元动力学方程。通过对压电传感层自感电压的比例、微分反馈控制,对主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)圆柱壳体进行了主被动一体化振动控制,研究了复合圆柱壳体的动力学响应特性。讨论了主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)片体的位置、覆盖率、粘弹性层厚度及控制增益等关键参数对圆柱壳体振动特性的影响。研究表明:主动约束层阻尼(ACLD)片体的粘贴位置与模态有关,针对不同模态,应采用不同的粘贴位置;覆盖率、粘弹性层厚度及控制增益等直接影响到振幅衰减程度,通过对片体位置、覆盖率、粘弹性层厚度及控制增益等关键参数的优化,能有效降低主动约束层阻尼圆柱壳体的振动,具有十分重要的工程应用价值。 相似文献
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对粘弹性结构有限元动力学方程和复合结构有限元动力学方程进行了探讨。对于粘弹性结构有限元动力学方程,研究了表示成MCK形式的可能性,并对几种典型模型进行了分析研究。根据对阻尼的假设,给出了考虑弹性材料阻尼及结构外部粘性阻尼的拉氏域内弹性--粘弹性复合结构有限元动力学方程。 相似文献
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附加自由阻尼结构系统的有限元分析和拓扑优化设计方法研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
给出了一种适用于车身等复杂附加阻尼结构系统的有限元建模和动态特性分析方法,包括附加自由阻尼薄壁结构和附加阻尼材料粘弹性特性的有限元建模方法以及附加阻尼结构动态特性的有限元分析方法。在此基础上,又以强迫振动响应最小为优化设计目标,给出了一个附加阻尼结构的拓扑优化设计方法,包括优化设计问题的列式和适用的求解算法。通过对一个简单薄壁构件和一个车身地板上的附加阻尼结构的拓扑优化设计,验证了提出的有限元分析和拓扑优化设计方法的有效性。 相似文献
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粘弹性阻尼材料的力学特性参数会随着频率的变化而改变,即具有频率依赖性,因而传统的动力学建模及分析方法不能满足实际涂层结构优化设计的需要。在简要介绍粘弹性阻尼材料频率依赖性的基础上,本文提出用特征向量增值法来求解涂层复合结构的固有特性,并详细推导了特征向量增值法的求解原理。由此,提出了特征向量增值法的计算流程,包括计算无阻尼系统的固有特性,用Fox and Kapoor或者Nelson方法计算复特征向量增量;用Rayleigh熵法求解复特征值。最后,以涂敷粘弹性阻尼材料的钛基薄板为例,求解了该复合结构的固有特性,并与经典的模态应变能法进行了比较,证明了所提方法的正确性。 相似文献
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提出采用局部环绕阻尼层的方法对管路进行减振,并通过正交试验分析得出了最佳的阻尼配置方案.考虑弯曲成形过程中的厚度与截面形状变化,建立了空间弯管的有限元精确模型;针对粘弹性阻尼层力学特性随频率变化的特点,采用迭代法计算粘弹性结构的固有频率,依据模态应变能法,求解模态损耗因子.管路的模态试验验证了有限元模型及动力特性计算方法的正确性.最后利用L18(37)正交表对阻尼层的6个主要参数进行方差计算,详细分析了各因素对频率和损耗因子指标的影响,给出了频率改变较小情况下损耗因子最大的最佳阻尼配置. 相似文献
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本文用动力学虚功原理建立了一般粘弹性大阻尼结构机器人手臂的动力学有限元模型,该模型是时变的Voterra型微分积分方程。文中还提出了以结构动力学中响应计算的逐步积分法为基础的递推求解方法,从而解决了机器人粘弹性手臂动力学建模和分析的理论难题。 相似文献
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主动约束层阻尼梁的数值模型 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为对主动约束层阻尼结构建立精确完善的数学模型,采用有限元建模,并考虑到压电材料的机电耦合效应和粘弹性材料的本构关系随温度、频率的变化而变化的特点,将有限元方法与粘弹性材料的GHA模型相结合,从而避免因粘弹性材料导致的非线性微分方程,能直接求解模态频率、模态阻尼及结构响应。为进一步设计控制器,先在物理空间进行动力缩聚,将系统降至适当的维数,然后在状态空间用鲁棒防阶的方法进一步降阶。这样既能大大降低系统维数,又能保证降阶后系统稳定、可控、可观。这对于重量轻、柔度大、低频密集的大型空间柔性结构尤其重要。 相似文献
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A dynamic model for a rotating sandwich annular plate with a viscoelastic core layer is developed. All fundamental equations and boundary conditions are established based on Hamilton’s principle, and the rotation effect and viscoelastic properties of the sandwich structure are taken into account. The aerodynamics force acting on the plate is described by a rotating damping model, and the constitutive behavior of the viscoelastic core layer is formulated by the frequency-dependent complex modulus. The effects of geometrical and material parameters on frequencies and damping of forward and backward traveling waves and the dynamic stability for the rotating sandwich plate are numerically analyzed by means of Galerkin’s method. The results show that the critical and flutter speeds of the rotating plate can be increased at some certain parameters of the viscoelastic core layer. 相似文献
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黏弹性材料作为一种良好的减振材料,广泛应用于机械、航空和土木等领域.本文用黏弹性Maxwell器件代替传统非线性能量阱中的阻尼元件,提出一种新型的黏弹性非线性能量阱,并对该模型在简谐激励下的减振性能进行分析.首先,根据牛顿第二定律建立系统的动力学方程,采用谐波平衡法求解系统的幅频响应曲线,并利用MATLAB中的Runge-Kutta数值方法验证解析解的正确性,结果吻合良好.然后,分析黏弹性非线性能量阱的减振性能和参数的影响.最后,分析了不同质量比下非线性刚度比和阻尼比同时变化时减振效果的变化趋势,并讨论了黏弹性非线性能量阱的最佳取值范围.研究结果表明:主系统的最大振幅随着非线性刚度的增加先减小后增大;当参数选取恰当时,黏弹性非线性能量阱比传统非线性能量阱的减振效果更优;另外,随着质量比的增加,主系统最大振幅的最小值出现先减小后趋于不变的现象,且非线性刚度比和阻尼比的最佳取值范围有所增大.以上结论对黏弹性非线性能量阱的实际应用提供了一定的理论依据. 相似文献
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A new displacement modulation based dynamic indentation method is demonstrated and shown to be effective for viscoelastic
characterization of a glassy polymer. The analysis of dynamic experiments requires a complete understanding of the measuring
system’s dynamic characteristics especially the damping. Accordingly, an improved method, based on the use of a wire spring,
is developed for determining the damping characteristics. In general, damping in an indentation instrument is contributed
by two elements: the eddy current damping from the electromagnetic loading coil and the squeeze film damping from the capacitive
displacement transducer. Therefore, a method to determine the relative contribution from the different damping elements present
in the system is demonstrated and the results are compared with the calibration obtained from the wire spring method. Finally,
dynamic indentation tests are carried out on a glassy polymer to obtain the complex modulus; the values of which are compared
with those obtained from bulk dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests. Storage modulus values are found to be in good agreement
with bulk data but some divergence in the case of loss modulus is observed. The calibration procedure of the measuring instrument
is critically examined in view of these observations. Overall, displacement modulation based dynamic indentation is shown
to be a promising method for viscoelastic characterization at the micron length scales.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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The purpose of this study is to explore the advantages and characteristics of nonlinear butyl rubber (type IIR) isolators
in vibratory shear by comparison with linear isolators. It is known that the mechanical properties of viscoelastic materials
exhibit significant frequency and temperature dependence, and in some cases, nonlinear dynamic behavior as well. Nonlinear
characteristics in shear deformation are reflected in mechanical properties such as stiffness and damping. Furthermore, even
when the excitation amplitude is small the response amplitude may often be large enough that nonlinearities cannot be ignored.
The treatment involves developing phenomenological models of the effective storage modulus and effective loss factor of a
rubber isolator material as a function of excitation amplitude. The transmissibility of a nonlinear viscoelastic isolator
is compared with that of a linear isolator using an equivalent linear damping coefficient. Forced resonance vibration and
impedance tests are used to characterize nonlinear parameters and to measure the normalized transmissibility. It is found
that as the excitation amplitude of the nonlinear viscoelastic isolator increases, the response amplitude decreases and the
transmissibility is improved over that of the linear isolator for excitation frequency that exceeds a particular value governed
by the temperature and excitation amplitude. The method of multiple scales and numerical simulations are used to predict the
response characteristics of the isolator based on the phenomenological modeling under different values of system parameters. 相似文献
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A formulation of the nonlinear FEM truss element that takes into account both the geometric nonlinearity and material nonlinearity of the structure is derived. The associated iterative algorithm for the application is described. Based on two inelastic material models (isotropic hardening and dynamic hardening), three space truss structures are subjected to static and to dynamic loads in order to illustrate the application of nonlinear FEM. The nonlinear FEM described can accurately trace the complex structural behavior of space truss structures, including snap-through, and buckling. The FEM results match well with the theoretical results. 相似文献