共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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We investigate experimentally and theoretically the coalescence dynamics of two spreading droplets on a highly wettable substrate. Upon contact, surface tension drives a rapid motion perpendicular to the line of centers that joins the drops and lowers the total surface area. We find that the width of the growing meniscus bridge between the two droplets exhibits power-law behavior, growing at early times as t1/2. Moreover, the growth rate is highly sensitive to both the radii and heights of the droplets at contact, scaling as ho3/2/Ro. This size dependence differs significantly from the behavior of freely suspended droplets, in which the coalescence growth rate depends only weakly on the droplet size. We demonstrate that the scaling behavior is consistent with a model in which the growth of the meniscus bridge is governed by the viscously hindered flux from the droplets. 相似文献
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采用分子动力学模拟方法研究了改进的Simple pointcharge模型SPC/E水滴在Cu_(50)Zr_(50)非晶薄膜上的润湿行为和铺展过程.通过与CuZr(110)和(100)晶面对比研究发现,水滴在Cu_(50)Zr_(50)非晶薄膜表面上表现出较高的铺展速度.水滴在非晶合金表面的铺展过程中形成了明显的吸附层;而在晶态表面,水滴铺展前沿呈脚状形态.分析结果表明非晶表面的水分子在吸附层内呈现完全无序的单层排列方式,而在晶态表面,特别是(100)晶面,吸附层水分子呈双层有序排列.这种吸附层结构的差异导致了吸附层内水分子方向的差异:非晶表面吸附层内水分子方向倾向平行于表面,而晶态基底上吸附层内的水分子倾向于指向液滴内部.由此造成了非晶表面吸附层中的水分子与液滴内部以相对较弱的氢键相互作用,这使得上层水分子能够较容易扩散至吸附层前沿,促进液滴铺展. 相似文献
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The spread of perfluoropolyether (PFPE) droplets on solid surfaces has been measured from the top-down view through a microscope system. Effects of substrates, molecular weight and end-group functionality on spreading of the PFPE droplets have been studied experimentally and the results were compared with those by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Silicon wafer and diamond-like carbon (DLC) substrates were used to study the effect of substrates on spreading. Two types of PFPE, Z-dol and Z-tetraol, with the same chain structure and various molecular weights (2000 and 4000 g/mol) were employed in experiments. Effect of molecular weight has been investigated through comparing the spreading of Z-dol 2000 and Z-dol 4000, and it is found that the increase of molecular weight will decrease the mobility of PFPE. Comparison between spreading of Z-dol and Z-tetraol of the same molecular weight proved that functional end group plays a significant role on the spreading of PFPE, which confirmed the MD simulation results. 相似文献
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We have investigated experimentally the process of a droplet impact on a regular micro-grooved surface. The target surfaces are patterned such that micro-scale spokes radiate from the center, concentric circles, and parallel lines on the polishing copper plate, using Quasi-LIGA molding technology. The dynamic behavior of water droplets impacting on these structured surfaces is examined using a high-speed camera, including the drop impact processes, the maximum spreading diameters, and the lengths and numbers of fingers at different values of Weber number. Experimental results validate that the spreading processes are arrested on all target surfaces at low velocity. Also, the experimental results at higher impact velocity demonstrate that the spreading process is conducted on the surface parallel to the micro-grooves, but is arrested in the direction perpendicular to the micro-grooves. Besides, the lengths of fingers increase observably, even when they are ejected out as tiny droplets along the groove direction, at the same time the drop recoil velocity is reduced by micro-grooves which are parallel to the spreading direction, but not by micro-grooves which are vertical to the spreading direction. 相似文献
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The results of study of evaporation of water droplets and NaCl salt solution from a solid substrate made of anodized aluminum are presented in this paper. The experiment provides the parameters describing the droplet profile: contact spot diameter, contact angle, and droplet height. The specific rate of evaporation was calculated from the experimental data. The water droplets or brine droplets with concentration up to 9.1 % demonstrate evaporation with the pinning mode for the contact line. When the salt concentration in the brine is taken up to 16.7 %, the droplet spreading mode was observed. Two stages of droplet evaporation are distinguished as a function of phase transition rate. 相似文献
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Simulation of impact of a hollow droplet on a flat surface 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Arvind Kumar Sai Gu Spyros Kamnis 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2012,109(1):101-109
Despite many theoretical and experimental works dealing with the impact of dense continuous liquid droplets on a flat surface, the dynamics of the impact of hollow liquid droplets is not well addressed. In an effort to understand dynamics of the hollow droplet impingement, a numerical study for the impact of a hollow droplet on a flat surface is presented. The impingement model considers the transient flow dynamics during impact and spreading of the droplet using the volume of fluid surface tracking method (VOF) coupled with the momentum transport model within a one-domain continuum formulation. The model is used to simulate the hydrodynamic behaviour of the impact of glycerin hollow droplet. It is found that the impact and spreading of the hollow droplet on a flat surface is distinctly different from the conventional dense droplet and has some new hydrodynamic features. A phenomenon of formation of a central counter jet of the liquid is predicted. With the help of simulations the cause of this phenomenon is discussed. Comparison of the predicted length of the central counter jet and the velocity of the counter jet front shows good agreements with the experimental data. The influence of the droplet initial impact velocity and the hollow droplet shell thickness on the impact behaviour is highlighted. 相似文献
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The spreading of liquid nanodroplets of different initial radii R0 is studied using molecular dynamics simulation. Results for two distinct systems, Pb on Cu(111), which is nonwetting, and a coarse-grained polymer model, which wets the surface, are presented for Pb droplets ranging in size from approximately 55,000 to 220,000 atoms and polymer droplets ranging in size from approximately 200,000 to 780 000 monomers. In both cases, a precursor foot precedes the spreading of the main droplet. This precursor foot spreads as r(2)(f)(t) = 2D(eff)t with an effective diffusion constant that exhibits a droplet-size dependence D(eff) approximately R(1/2)(0). The radius of the main droplet r(b)(t) approximately R(4/5)(0) is in agreement with kinetic models for the cylindrical geometry studied. 相似文献
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We present an experimental study of the spreading dynamics of symmetric diblock copolymer droplets above and below the order-disorder
transition. Disordered diblock droplets are found to spread as a homopolymer and follow Tanner’s law (the radius grows as
R ∼ t
m , where t is time and m = 1/10 . However, droplets that are in the ordered phase are found to be frustrated by the imposed lamellar microstructure.
This frustration is likely at the root of the observed deviation from Tanner’s law: droplet spreading has a much slower power
law ( m ∼ 0.05±0.01 . We show that the different spreading dynamics can be reconciled with conventional theory if a strain-rate-dependent
viscosity is taken into account. 相似文献
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Hiroshi Nomura Hiroshi Iwasaki Yusuke Suganuma Masato Mikami Masao Kikuchi 《Proceedings of the Combustion Institute》2011,33(2):2013-2020
Combustion experiments of fuel droplet array in fuel vapor-air mixture were performed at microgravities to investigate growth mechanism of group combustion of fuel droplets. A 10-droplet array was inserted into the test section filled with a saturated fuel vapor-air mixture as a simple model of prevaporized sprays. Gas equivalence ratio of the fuel vapor-air mixture was regulated by the test section temperature. n-Decane droplets of 0.8 mm in the initial diameter were suspended at the crossing points of 10 sets of X-shaped suspenders. The first droplet was ignited by a hot wire to initiate flame spread along a fuel droplet array. Flame spread speed was obtained from the history of the leading edge position of a spreading flame. Effects of droplet spacing and gas equivalence ratio on the flame spreading behavior and the flame spread speed were examined. The droplet spacing and the gas equivalence ratio were varied from 1.6 to 10.2 mm and from 0.2 to 0.7, respectively. The gas equivalence ratio has little effect on the relationship between the flame spreading behavior and the droplet spacing. The flame spread speed increases as the increase in the gas equivalence ratio at all droplet spacings. The influence of the gas equivalence ratio on the flame spread speed becomes strong as the increase in the droplet spacings. The flame spread speed increases as the increase in the droplet spacing, and then decreases. The maximum flame spread speed appears in the range from 2.4 to 3 mm at all gas equivalence ratios. 相似文献
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The spontaneous spreading of non-volatile liquid droplets on solid substrates poses a classic problem in the context of wetting phenomena. It is well known that the spreading of a macroscopic droplet is in many cases accompanied by a thin film of macroscopic lateral extent, the so-called precursor film, which emanates from the three-phase contact line region and spreads ahead of the latter with a much higher speed. Such films have been usually associated with liquid-on-solid systems, but in the last decade similar films have been reported to occur in solid-on-solid systems. While the situations in which the thickness of such films is of mesoscopic size are fairly well understood, an intriguing and yet to be fully understood aspect is the spreading of microscopic, i.e. molecularly thin, films. Here we review the available experimental observations of such films in various liquid-on-solid and solid-on-solid systems, as well as the corresponding theoretical models and studies aimed at understanding their formation and spreading dynamics. Recent developments and perspectives for future research are discussed. 相似文献
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S. Herminghaus J. Vorberg H. Gau R. Conradt D. Reinelt H. Ulmer P. Leiderer M. Przyrembel 《Annalen der Physik》1997,509(6):425-447
Optical experiments on the wetting properties of liquid 4He and molecular hydrogen are reviewed. Hydrogen films on noble metal surfaces serve as model systems for studying triple point wetting, a continuous transition between wetting and non-wetting. By means of optically excited surface plasmons, the adsorbed film thickness for temperatures around, and far below, the bulk melting temperature is measured, and the physical mechanisms responsible for the transition are elucidated. Possible applications for other experiments in pure and applied research are discussed. Thin films and droplets of liquid helium are studied on cesium surfaces, on which there is a first order wetting transition. Our studies concentrate on dynamical observations via surface plasmon microscopy, which provide insight into the morphology of liquid helium droplets spreading at different temperatures. Features corresponding to pinning forces, the prewetting line, and the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition are clearly observed. 相似文献
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We present a lattice Boltzmann algorithm which can be used to explore the spreading of droplets on chemically and topologically
patterned substrates. As an example we use the method to show that the final configuration of a drop on a substrate comprising
hydrophobic and hydrophilic stripes can depend sensitively on the dynamical pathway by which the state is reached. We also
consider a substrate covered with micron-scale posts and investigate how this can lead to superhydrophobic behaviour. Finally
we model how a Namibian desert beetle collects water from the wind. 相似文献
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基于有限元法,采用水平集方法捕捉相界面的移动,构建了液滴撞击固体壁面的数值模型.通过修正的幂律模型描述流体的非牛顿剪切变稀特性,探讨了剪切变稀特性对液滴撞击固体壁面后铺展行为的影响,分析了撞击不同浸润性壁面时剪切变稀特性对液滴撞击壁面行为的影响差异.研究结果表明:随着幂律指数m的减小,液滴撞击过程中的黏性耗散减小,液滴的形貌变化及无量纲参数变化更为显著.接触角为55°的情况下:当m降低至0.85时,液滴铺展过程中开始出现显著区别于牛顿流体液滴的振荡现象;当m降低至0.80时,液滴在回缩过程中会出现中心液膜断裂的情况.接触角为100°时,剪切变稀液滴均会出现振荡行为,振荡幅度随着m的减小而增大.接触角为160°时,牛顿流体液滴与剪切变稀液滴均会在回缩过程中弹起,但剪切变稀液滴的弹起速度更快.此外,基于数值计算结果,本文提出了接触角为55°情况下剪切变稀液滴撞击壁面后的最大无量纲铺展直径预测模型. 相似文献